Healthy Sedentary Adults With BP <140/90
Conditions
Keywords
High-Intensity Interval Training, Exercise, Cardiovascular Health, Blood Pressure
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in comparison to moderate-intensity continuous training (MCT) on blood pressure, blood vessel function, and blood pressure reactivity.
Detailed description
It is estimated that one-third of the adult population in the United States has blood pressure values that are classified as prehypertension. This slight elevation in blood pressure has been shown to result in an increased risk for developing hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7) recommends lifestyle modifications for individuals classified as prehypertensive. One lifestyle modification suggested by JNC7 is regular physical activity. Aerobic exercise, like moderate-intensity continuous training (MCT), has been shown to improve blood pressure, blood vessel function, and arterial stiffness in those with prehypertension. However, a major barrier to exercise adherence is the time commitment required. High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), which requires individuals to work at higher intensities for shorter durations, may offer an alternative training design that would reduce the time commitment. Previous studies have shown HIIT to be equal to or better at improving cardiorespiratory fitness and blood vessel function in multiple populations. Limited information is present on HIIT training in those with prehypertension. In this study, participants will be randomized into one of the two training program designs mentioned above (MCT or HIIT). Both programs will be completed over an 8-week period (3 sessions per week) and each training session will be supervised. Participants will complete testing visits before and after the training program to collect measures of cardiovascular health (exercise capacity, blood pressure, blood vessel function, and blood pressure reactivity). The goal is to compare the effects of the training programs on these measures of cardiovascular health.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALHigh-Intensity Interval Training
Supervised exercise sessions will be performed on a upright cycle ergometer. Training sessions involve 20 minutes of exercise by completing 10 repetitions of 60 seconds of exercise at 90-95% maximal heart rate with 60 seconds of active rest between each repetition at 50-60% maximal heart rate.
BEHAVIORALModerate-Intensity Continuous Training
Supervised exercise sessions will be performed on a upright cycle ergometer. Training sessions involve 30 minutes of continuous exercise at 65-70% maximal heart rate.
Sponsors
University of Delaware
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 44 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Blood Pressure less than 140/90 mmHg * Sedentary
Exclusion criteria
* Known or major signs/symptoms of cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, or metabolic disease * Cancer * Use of antihypertensive medication * Current tobacco use * BMI (body mass index) less than 30 kg/m2 * Postmenopausal * Current pregnancy * Current hormone replacement therapy * Participating in regular aerobic exercise at least three times a week for 30 minutes at a moderate intensity for the past 3 months or more * Not able to regularly exercise for any reason
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Blood Pressure | Change from baseline resting blood pressure at 8 weeks | Resting blood pressures measuring by automated oscillometric device |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Peak Aerobic Capacity | Change from baseline VO2peak at 8 weeks | Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak/max) during incremental cycling exercise until exhaustion |
| 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure | Change from baseline 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure at 8 weeks | 24 hours of continuous ambulatory blood pressure monitoring by oscillometric device |
| Pulse Wave Analysis | Change from baseline central blood pressure measures at 8 weeks | Central blood pressure measures assessed by radial tonometry |
| Arterial stiffness | Change from baseline pulse wave velocity measures at 8 weeks | Pulse wave velocity measures (carotid to femoral and femoral to distal) assessed by applanation tonometry |
| Blood Pressure Reactivity | Change from baseline blood pressure reactivity at 8 weeks | Blood pressure response to graded exercise test and handgrip exercise |
| Endothelial Function | Change from baseline endothelial function at 8 weeks | Assessed by brachial artery flow mediated dilation and change in blood in femoral artery in response to passive limb movement |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Perceived Enjoyment of Exercise | Measured after 4 and 8 weeks of training | Enjoyment rating based on 18-item questionnaire |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed