Investigating Cabozantinib in Patients With Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

An Open-Label, Single-Arm, Two-Stage Phase II Study Investigating Cabozantinib in Patients With Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Status

Completed

Phases

Phase 2

Study type

Interventional

Source

ClinicalTrials.gov

Registry ID

NCT03542877

Enrollment

Registered

2018-05-31

Start date

2018-06-01

Completion date

2022-03-07

Last updated

2022-07-15

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Colorectal Cancer

Keywords

Cabozantinib, Progression Free Survival, Metastatic Colorectal Cancer, Tumor

Brief summary

This study seeks to use Cabozantinib to treat those with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer who have not previously responded to treatment.

Detailed description

This is a phase II clinical trial that seeks to use Cabozantinib to treat those with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer who have not previously responded to treatment. This study is a two stage study that will first measure (up to) 16 patients' progression free survival (PFS). Stage two will, again, measure PFS, but in a population (up to) 28 patients.

Interventions

DRUGOral Tablet: Cabozantinib

Patients will take 60mg cabozantinib, by mouth, once daily, every day for 12 weeks. This medication should be taken on an empty stomach. Patients should not eat 2 hours before or 1 hour after taking cabozantinib. Only water is permitted during this 3 hour time frame.

Study design

Allocation

Intervention model

SINGLE_GROUP

Primary purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

NONE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

ALL

Age

18 Years to 99 Years

Healthy volunteers

Inclusion criteria

1. The subject has a histologic or cytologic diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma that is metastatic or unresectable and is refractory to or progressed (or relapsed) following a fluoropyrimidine, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab; prior epidermal growth factor inhibitor therapy is required for patients with left-sided, RAS wild-type tumors; prior FDA-approved PD-1 inhibitor therapy is required for patients with MSI-H colorectal cancer. Prior regorafenib or TAS-102 treatment is not required. 2. Measurable disease per RECIST 1.1 as determined by the investigator. 3. The subject has had an assessment of all known disease sites e.g., by computerized tomography (CT) scan and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within 28 days before the first dose of cabozantinib. 4. The subject is ≥ 18 years old on the day of consent. 5. The subject has an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1. 6. Recovery to baseline or ≤ Grade 1 CTCAE v.4.0 from toxicities related to any prior treatments, unless AE(s) are clinically nonsignificant and/or stable on supportive therapy. 7. Adequate archival frozen or fixed tissue available from primary or metastatic site for genotypic analysis (at least 15 unstained slides and/or tumor block). 8. The subject has organ and marrow function and laboratory values as follows within 7 days before the first dose of cabozantinib: 1. ANC ≥ 1500/mm3 without colony stimulating factor support; 2. Platelets ≥ 100,000/mm3; 3. Hemoglobin ≥ 9 g/dL; 4. Bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN. For subjects with known Gilbert's disease, bilirubin ≤ 3.0 mg/dL; 5. Serum albumin ≥ 2.8 g/dl; 6. Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN or creatinine clearance (CrCl) ≥ 40 mL/min. For creatinine clearance estimation, the Cockcroft and Gault equation should be used: * Male: CrCl (mL/min) = (140 - age) × wt (kg) / (serum creatinine × 72); * Female: Multiply above result by 0.85; 7. ALT and AST ≤ 3.0 x ULN; 8. Lipase \< 2.0 x the upper limit of normal and no radiologic or clinical evidence of pancreatitis; 9. UPCR ≤ 1; 10. Serum phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and potassium ≥ LLN. 9. The subject is capable of understanding and complying with the protocol requirements and has signed the informed consent document. 10. Sexually active subjects (men and women) must agree to use medically accepted barrier methods of contraception (eg, male or female condom) during the study and for 4 months after the last dose of study drug(s), even if oral contraceptives are also used. All subjects of reproductive potential must agree to use both a barrier method and a second method of birth control or practice abstinence during the study and for 4 months after the last dose of study drug(s).

Exclusion criteria

1. The subject has received cytotoxic chemotherapy (including investigational cytotoxic chemotherapy) or biologic agents (eg, cytokines or antibodies) within 3 weeks, or nitrosoureas/mitomycin C within 6 weeks before the first dose of study treatment; 2. Prior treatment with cabozantinib; 3. Radiation therapy for bone metastasis within 2 weeks, any other external radiation therapy within 4 weeks before the first dose of study treatment. Systemic treatment with radionuclides within 6 weeks before the first dose of study treatment. Subjects with clinically relevant ongoing complications from prior radiation therapy are not eligible; 4. Receipt of any type of small molecule kinase inhibitor (including investigational kinase inhibitor) within 14 days before the first dose of study treatment. Note: Subjects with prostate cancer currently receiving LHRH or GnRH agonists may be maintained on these agents; 5. The subject has received any other type of investigational agent within 28 days before the first dose of study treatment; 6. Known brain metastases or cranial epidural disease unless adequately treated with radiotherapy and/or surgery (including radiosurgery) and stable for at least 4 weeks before the first dose of study treatment. Eligible subjects must be neurologically asymptomatic and without corticosteroid treatment at the time of the start of study treatment; 7. The subject has prothrombin time (PT)/INR or partial thromboplastin time (PTT) test ≥ 1.3 x the laboratory ULN within 7 days before the first dose of study treatment; 8. Concomitant anticoagulation at therapeutic doses with oral anticoagulants (eg, warfarin, direct thrombin and Factor Xa inhibitors) or platelet inhibitors (eg, clopidogrel); Note: Low-dose aspirin for cardioprotection (per local applicable guidelines), low-dose warfarin (\< 1 mg/day), and low dose, low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) are permitted. Anticoagulation with therapeutic doses of LMWH is allowed in subjects without radiographic evidence of brain metastasis, who are on a stable dose of LMWH for at least 12 weeks before randomization, and who have had no complications from a thromboembolic event or the anticoagulation regimen. ; 9. The subject has experienced any of the following: 1. clinically-significant GI bleeding within 6 months before the first dose of study treatment; 2. hemoptysis of ≥ 0.5 teaspoon (2.5ml) of red blood within 3 months before the first dose of study treatment; 3. any other signs indicative of pulmonary hemorrhage within 3 months before the first dose of study treatment. 10. The subject has radiographic evidence of cavitating pulmonary lesion(s); 11. The subject has tumor invading or encasing any major blood vessels; 12. The subject has evidence of clinically significant bleeding from tumor invading the GI tract (esophagus, stomach, small or large bowel, rectum or anus), or any evidence of endotracheal or endobronchial tumor within 28 days before the first dose of cabozantinib; 13. The subject has uncontrolled, significant intercurrent or recent illness including, but not limited to, the following conditions: a. Cardiovascular disorders including: i. Congestive heart failure (CHF): New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III (moderate) or Class IV (severe) at the time of screening; ii. Concurrent uncontrolled hypertension defined as sustained blood pressure (BP) \> 150 mm Hg systolic or \> 100 mm Hg diastolic despite optimal antihypertensive treatment within 7 days of the first dose of study treatment; iii. Any history of congenital long QT syndrome; iv. Any of the following within 6 months before the first dose of study treatment: * unstable angina pectoris; * clinically-significant cardiac arrhythmias; * stroke (including transient ischemic attack (TIA), or other ischemic event); * myocardial infarction; * thromboembolic event requiring therapeutic anticoagulation (Note: subjects with a venous filter (eg, vena cava filter) are not eligible for this study). b. GI disorders particularly those associated with a high risk of perforation or fistula formation including: i. Active peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease (eg, Crohn's disease), diverticulitis, cholecystitis, symptomatic cholangitis or appendicitis, acute pancreatitis or acute obstruction of the pancreatic duct or common bile duct, or gastric outlet obstruction ii. Abdominal fistula, GI perforation, bowel obstruction, intra-abdominal abscess within 6 months before randomization, Note: Complete healing of an intra-abdominal abscess must be confirmed prior to randomization c. Other clinically significant disorders that would preclude safe study participation; 14. Major surgery within 12 weeks before the first dose of study treatment. Complete wound healing from major surgery must have occurred 1 month before the first dose of study treatment. Minor surgery (including uncomplicated tooth extractions) within 28 days before the first dose of study treatment with complete wound healing at least 10 days before the first dose of study treatment. Subjects with clinically relevant ongoing complications from prior surgery are not eligible; 15. QTcF \> 500 msec within 1 month before the first dose of study treatment: a. Three ECGs must be performed for eligibility determination. If the average of these three consecutive results for QTcF is ≤ 500 msec, the subject meets eligibility in this regard. 16. Pregnant or lactating females; 17. Inability to swallow intact tablets; 18. Previously identified allergy or hypersensitivity to components of the study treatment formulations; 19. Diagnosis of another malignancy within 2 years before the first dose of study treatment, except for superficial skin cancers, or localized, low grade tumors deemed cured and not treated with systemic therapy;

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame	Description
12-Week Progression Free Survival	This outcome was assessed at the 12-week assessment. Subjects without the 12-week assessment but who had at least 11 weeks of treatment were included.	A patient is classified as progression-free if s/he is assessed as not having progressive disease (PD) as defined per RECIST 1.1 criteria at either the 12-week assessment or after having at least 11 weeks of treatment for subjects without the 12-week assessment. Censored patients (i.e. those who have not progressed but who are missing a 12-week assessment) are not included in the analysis. Subjects who didn't have the 12-week assessment but who had clinical progression were included and considered to have progressed. Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECISTv1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.

Secondary

Measure	Time frame	Description
12-Week Progression-Free Survival by PIK3CA Mutation Status	This outcome was assessed at the 12-week assessment. Subjects without the 12-week assessment but who had at least 11 weeks of treatment were included.	This has the same outcome measure description as the primary analysis. Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECISTv1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.
Progression-Free Survival (PFS)	Study start date to study end date, or death, whichever comes first, up to 24 months	Progression-free survival will be defined as the time from administration of the initial dose of cabozantinib to evidence of radiographic progression as defined by RECIST criteria or death from any cause without evidence of disease progression, whichever occurs first. Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECISTv1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.
Progression-Free Survival (PFS) by RAS Mutation Status	Study start date to study end date, or death, whichever comes first, up to 24 months	This has the same outcome measure description as the PFS analysis. Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECISTv1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.
Progression-Free Survival (PFS) by PIK3CA Mutation Status	Study start date to study end date, or death, whichever comes first, up to 24 months	This has the same outcome measure description as the PFS analysis. Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECISTv1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.
12-Week Progression-Free Survival by RAS Mutation Status	This outcome was assessed at the 12-week assessment. Subjects without the 12-week assessment but who had at least 11 weeks of treatment were included.	This has the same outcome measure description as the primary analysis. Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECISTv1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.
Overall Survival (OS) by RAS Mutation Status	Study start date to study end date, or death, whichever comes first, up to 24 months	This has the same outcome measure description as the OS analysis.
Overall Survival (OS) by PIK3CA Mutation Status	Study start date to study end date, or death, whichever comes first, up to 24 months	This has the same outcome measure description as the OS analysis.
Overall Survival (OS) in Patients With CRC Treated With Cabozantinib	Study start date to study end date, or death, whichever comes first, up to 24 months	Overall Survival will be defined as the time from administration of the initial dose of cabozantinib until death from any cause.
Response Rate in Patients With CRC Treated With Cabozantinib	Study start date to study end date, or death, whichever comes first, up to 24 months	\*A patient is classified as a responder if s/he is assessed as having complete response or partial response (CR or PR) at the time of any assessment, where CR and PR are defined per RECIST 1.1 criteria.

Countries

United States

Participant flow

Participants by arm

Arm	Count
Oral Cabozantinib Patients will be enrolled to take 60mg of cabozantinib, by mouth, once a day, every day, for 12 weeks. If less than three patients have Progression Free Survival (PFS) lasting at least 12 weeks, the study will be terminated. Oral Tablet: Cabozantinib: Patients will take 60mg cabozantinib, by mouth, once daily, every day for 12 weeks. This medication should be taken on an empty stomach. Patients should not eat 2 hours before or 1 hour after taking cabozantinib. Only water is permitted during this 3 hour time frame.	44
Total	44

Arm

Count

Oral Cabozantinib

Patients will be enrolled to take 60mg of cabozantinib, by mouth, once a day, every day, for 12 weeks. If less than three patients have Progression Free Survival (PFS) lasting at least 12 weeks, the study will be terminated. Oral Tablet: Cabozantinib: Patients will take 60mg cabozantinib, by mouth, once daily, every day for 12 weeks. This medication should be taken on an empty stomach. Patients should not eat 2 hours before or 1 hour after taking cabozantinib. Only water is permitted during this 3 hour time frame.

Total

Baseline characteristics

Characteristic	Oral Cabozantinib
Age, Categorical <=18 years	0 Participants
Age, Categorical >=65 years	11 Participants
Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years	33 Participants
Age, Continuous	54 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 23
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino	6 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino	37 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	38 Participants
Region of Enrollment United States	44 participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Female	13 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Male	30 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Unknown	1 Participants

Adverse events

Event type	EG000 affected / at risk
deaths Total, all-cause mortality	5 / 44
other Total, other adverse events	43 / 44
serious Total, serious adverse events	20 / 44

Outcome results

Primary

12-Week Progression Free Survival

A patient is classified as progression-free if s/he is assessed as not having progressive disease (PD) as defined per RECIST 1.1 criteria at either the 12-week assessment or after having at least 11 weeks of treatment for subjects without the 12-week assessment. Censored patients (i.e. those who have not progressed but who are missing a 12-week assessment) are not included in the analysis. Subjects who didn't have the 12-week assessment but who had clinical progression were included and considered to have progressed. Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECISTv1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.

Time frame: This outcome was assessed at the 12-week assessment. Subjects without the 12-week assessment but who had at least 11 weeks of treatment were included.

Population: 40 of the 44 subjects were in the analysis population. 3 subjects were not included because they didn't have treatment response data, and 1 subject was not included because that subject didn't reach at least week 11 (and didn't have PD).

Arm	Measure	Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Oral Cabozantinib	12-Week Progression Free Survival	18 Participants

Secondary

12-Week Progression-Free Survival by PIK3CA Mutation Status

This has the same outcome measure description as the primary analysis. Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECISTv1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.

Time frame: This outcome was assessed at the 12-week assessment. Subjects without the 12-week assessment but who had at least 11 weeks of treatment were included.

Population: All subjects in the primary analysis who had data regarding their PIK3CA mutation status.

Arm	Measure	Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Oral Cabozantinib	12-Week Progression-Free Survival by PIK3CA Mutation Status	3 Participants
RAS Wild Type	12-Week Progression-Free Survival by PIK3CA Mutation Status	11 Participants

Secondary

12-Week Progression-Free Survival by RAS Mutation Status

Time frame: This outcome was assessed at the 12-week assessment. Subjects without the 12-week assessment but who had at least 11 weeks of treatment were included.

Population: This population was the same as the population for the primary analysis

Arm	Measure	Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Oral Cabozantinib	12-Week Progression-Free Survival by RAS Mutation Status	7 Participants
RAS Wild Type	12-Week Progression-Free Survival by RAS Mutation Status	11 Participants

Secondary