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A Study of Gemcitabine, Nab-paclitaxel, Capecitabine, Cisplatin, and Irinotecan in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

A Phase I/II Study of Gemcitabine, Nab-paclitaxel, Capecitabine, Cisplatin, and Irinotecan (GAX-CI) in Combination in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

Status
Completed
Phases
Phase 1Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT03535727
Enrollment
48
Registered
2018-05-24
Start date
2018-06-21
Completion date
2022-10-03
Last updated
2024-12-31

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Adenocarcinoma, Digestive System Disease, Digestive System Neoplasm, Endocrine Gland Neoplasms, Endocrine System Diseases, Neoplasm, Glandular, Neoplasms, Neoplasms Pancreatic, Pancreatic Diseases, Pancreatic Neoplasms

Brief summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical activity of gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel, capecitabine, cisplatin, and irinotecan (GAX-CI) in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer.

Detailed description

This was a two-part, single-institution, open-label, dose-escalation, phase 1/2 study to evaluate the clinical activity of gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel, capecitabine, cisplatin, and irinotecan in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. Part 1 of the study was a Phase 1 3 + 3 dose escalation study designed to evaluate the maximally tolerated dose (MTD) and safety of increasing doses of nab-paclitaxel in combination with gemcitabine, capecitabine, cisplatin, and irinotecan. There were two cohorts of dose escalations. The two cohorts differed based on the treatment cycle length (28 days for Cohort 1 and 21 days for Cohort 2). Dose escalation started with Cohort 1. Enrollment for Cohort 2 dose level 1 began once dose level 2 of Cohort 1 was shown to be safe and did not exceed MTD. Part 2 was a Phase 2 expansion cohort study for the evaluation of efficacy once the MTD had been determined.

Interventions

DRUGNab-paclitaxel

IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15

DRUGGemcitabine

IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15

DRUGCapecitabine

PO twice daily (BID); Days 1-7, 15-21

DRUGCisplatin

IV over 60 minutes; Days 1 and 15

DRUGIrinotecan

IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15

Sponsors

Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins
Lead SponsorOTHER

Study design

Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 76 Years
Healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

* Have histologically or cytologically confirmed untreated metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. * Patients with the presence of at least one measurable lesion. * Male or non-pregnant and non-lactating female of age \>18 years. * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 or 1. * Patients must have adequate organ and marrow function defined by study-specified laboratory tests. * Must use acceptable form of birth control while on study. * Ability to understand and willingness to sign a written informed consent document.

Exclusion criteria

* Patients who will be considered for surgery are ineligible. * Patient who have had any prior chemotherapy within 5 years of enrollment. * Patient who have had radiotherapy for pancreatic cancer. * Age ≥ 76 years * Patient who is receiving or have received any other investigational agents within 28 days prior to Day 1 of treatment in this study. * Patient who has undergone major surgery, other than diagnostic surgery within 28 days prior to Day 1 of treatment in this study. * Patient who has known brain metastases. * Patient with history of hypersensitivity or allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel, capecitabine, cisplatin, or irinotecan. * Patient with uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, uncontrolled infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements. * Patient who has serious medical risk factors involving any of the major organ systems. * Patient who has known history of infection with HIV, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C. * Pregnant or breast feeding. * Patient is unwilling or unable to comply with study procedures * Patient with clinically significant wound.

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Capecitabine.28 daysDose escalation (phase I portion of the trial only) to determine the MTD in mg for twice daily (BID) use. Participants received Capecitabine: 500 mg BID, PO twice daily (BID); Days 1-7, 15-21 of a 28 day cycle (Cohort 1) or Days 1-14 of a 21 day cycle (Cohort 2)
Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Gemcitabine.28 daysDose escalation (phase I portion of the trial only) to determine the MTD in mg/m\^2. Participants received Gemcitabine: 500 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle (Cohort 1) or Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle (Cohort 2)
Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Nab-paclitaxel.28 daysDose escalation (phase I portion of the trial only) to determine the MTD in mg/m\^2. Participants received Nab-paclitaxel: 20, 40, 60, 80, 100,125 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle (Cohort 1) or Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle (Cohort 2)
Progression-free Survival (PFS) Using RECIST 1.1 Criteria27 monthsPFS is defined as the number of months from the date of first dose to disease progression (progressive disease \[PD\] or relapse from complete response \[CR\] as assessed using RECIST 1.1 criteria) or death due to any cause. Per RECIST 1.1 criteria, CR = disappearance of all target lesions, Partial Response (PR) is =\>30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, Progressive Disease (PD) is \>20% increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, Stable Disease (SD) is \<30% decrease or \<20% increase in sum of diameters of target lesions. Estimation based on the Kaplan-Meier curve.
Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Cisplatin.28 daysDose escalation (phase I portion of the trial only) to determine the MTD in mg/m\^2. Participants received Cisplatin:20 mg/m\^2, IV over 60 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle (Cohort 1) or Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle (Cohort 2)
Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Irinotecan.28 daysDose escalation (phase I portion of the trial only) to determine the MTD in mg/m\^2. Participants received Irinotecan: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle (Cohort 1) or Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle (Cohort 2)

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Safety of the Combination of Gemcitabine, Nab-paclitaxel, Capecitabine, Cisplatin, and Irinotecan (GAX-CI) in Patients With Untreated Metastatic PDA.27 monthsNumber of patients who received the MTD (Cohort 1, Dose Level 5) that experienced a limiting toxicity. Limiting toxicity was defined as a grade 3 or above treatment-related toxicity, with the following exceptions: 1. Grade 3 anemia that resolves to \< grade 2 within 7 days; 2. Grade 3 thrombocytopenia without clinically significant bleeding that resolves to \< grade 2 within 7 days; 3. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia that resolves to \<grade 2 within 7 days; 4. Grade 3 or 4 leucopenia/lymphopenia; 5. Grade 3 nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea that resolves to \<grade 2 within 72 hours; 6. Grade 3 or 4 asymptomatic laboratory values that resolve to \< grade 2 within 7 days; 7. Grade 3 dermatologic AEs that are considered mild in severity but only considered grade 3 because of \>30% body surface involvement; 8. Grade 3 fatigue lasting less than 72 hours. This study used the descriptions and grading scales found in the revised NCI CTCAE fV 5.0 for adverse event reporting.

Countries

United States

Participant flow

Participants by arm

ArmCount
Phase 1, Cohort 1, Dose Level 1
Gemcitabine: 500 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Nab-paclitaxel: 40 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Capecitabine: 500 mg BID, PO twice daily (BID); Days 1-7, 15-21 of a 28 day cycle Cisplatin: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 60 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Irinotecan: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle
3
Phase 1, Cohort 1, Dose Level 2
Gemcitabine: 500 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Nab-paclitaxel: 60 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Capecitabine: 500 mg BID, PO twice daily (BID); Days 1-7, 15-21 of a 28 day cycle Cisplatin: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 60 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Irinotecan: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle
6
Phase 1, Cohort 1, Dose Level 3
Gemcitabine: 500 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Nab-paclitaxel: 80 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Capecitabine: 500 mg BID, PO twice daily (BID); Days 1-7, 15-21 of a 28 day cycle Cisplatin: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 60 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Irinotecan: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle
6
Phase 1, Cohort 1, Dose Level 4
Gemcitabine: 500 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Nab-paclitaxel: 100 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Capecitabine: 500 mg BID, PO twice daily (BID); Days 1-7, 15-21 of a 28 day cycle Cisplatin: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 60 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Irinotecan: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle
6
Phase 1, Cohort 1, Dose Level 5
Gemcitabine: 500 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Nab-paclitaxel: 125 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Capecitabine: 500 mg BID, PO twice daily (BID); Days 1-7, 15-21 of a 28 day cycle Cisplatin: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 60 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Irinotecan: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle
6
Phase 1, Cohort 2, Dose Level 1
Gemcitabine: 500 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle Nab-paclitaxel:40 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle Capecitabine:500 mg BID, PO twice daily (BID); Days 1-14 of a 21 day cycle Cisplatin:20 mg/m\^2, IV over 60 minutes; Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle Irinotecan: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle
3
Phase 1, Cohort 2, Dose Level 2
Gemcitabine: 500 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle Nab-paclitaxel:60 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle Capecitabine:500 mg BID, PO twice daily (BID); Days 1-14 of a 21 day cycle Cisplatin:20 mg/m\^2, IV over 60 minutes; Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle Irinotecan: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle
3
Phase 1, Cohort 2, Dose Level 3
Gemcitabine: 500 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle Nab-paclitaxel:80 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle Capecitabine:500 mg BID, PO twice daily (BID); Days 1-14 of a 21 day cycle Cisplatin:20 mg/m\^2, IV over 60 minutes; Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle Irinotecan: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle
7
Phase 2, MTD Dose Expansion
Gemcitabine: 500 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Nab-paclitaxel: 125 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Capecitabine: 500 mg BID, PO twice daily (BID); Days 1-7, 15-21 of a 28 day cycle Cisplatin: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 60 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle Irinotecan: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle
8
Total48

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicPhase 1, Cohort 1, Dose Level 2TotalPhase 2, MTD Dose ExpansionPhase 1, Cohort 2, Dose Level 3Phase 1, Cohort 2, Dose Level 2Phase 1, Cohort 2, Dose Level 1Phase 1, Cohort 1, Dose Level 1Phase 1, Cohort 1, Dose Level 5Phase 1, Cohort 1, Dose Level 4Phase 1, Cohort 1, Dose Level 3
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
4 Participants21 Participants4 Participants0 Participants2 Participants1 Participants2 Participants3 Participants1 Participants4 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
2 Participants27 Participants4 Participants7 Participants1 Participants2 Participants1 Participants3 Participants5 Participants2 Participants
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)
ECOG 0
1 Participants6 Participants1 Participants2 Participants0 Participants1 Participants0 Participants0 Participants1 Participants0 Participants
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)
ECOG 1
5 Participants42 Participants7 Participants5 Participants3 Participants2 Participants3 Participants6 Participants5 Participants6 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
6 Participants48 Participants8 Participants7 Participants3 Participants3 Participants3 Participants6 Participants6 Participants6 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants2 Participants1 Participants1 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
0 Participants6 Participants1 Participants0 Participants1 Participants1 Participants0 Participants0 Participants2 Participants1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
6 Participants40 Participants6 Participants6 Participants2 Participants2 Participants3 Participants6 Participants4 Participants5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
6 Participants48 Participants8 Participants7 Participants3 Participants3 Participants3 Participants6 Participants6 Participants6 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
4 Participants25 Participants5 Participants4 Participants0 Participants2 Participants2 Participants2 Participants3 Participants3 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
2 Participants23 Participants3 Participants3 Participants3 Participants1 Participants1 Participants4 Participants3 Participants3 Participants

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
EG002
affected / at risk
EG003
affected / at risk
EG004
affected / at risk
EG005
affected / at risk
EG006
affected / at risk
EG007
affected / at risk
EG008
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
3 / 36 / 65 / 66 / 66 / 63 / 33 / 37 / 77 / 8
other
Total, other adverse events
3 / 36 / 66 / 66 / 66 / 63 / 33 / 37 / 78 / 8
serious
Total, serious adverse events
0 / 32 / 65 / 62 / 64 / 61 / 32 / 32 / 74 / 8

Outcome results

Primary

Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Capecitabine.

Dose escalation (phase I portion of the trial only) to determine the MTD in mg for twice daily (BID) use. Participants received Capecitabine: 500 mg BID, PO twice daily (BID); Days 1-7, 15-21 of a 28 day cycle (Cohort 1) or Days 1-14 of a 21 day cycle (Cohort 2)

Time frame: 28 days

Population: Cohort 1 cycle schedule was selected for the MTD (Days 1-7 and 15-21 of a 28 day cycle)

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
Phase IMaximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Capecitabine.500 mg BID
Primary

Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Cisplatin.

Dose escalation (phase I portion of the trial only) to determine the MTD in mg/m\^2. Participants received Cisplatin:20 mg/m\^2, IV over 60 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle (Cohort 1) or Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle (Cohort 2)

Time frame: 28 days

Population: Cohort 1 cycle schedule was selected for the MTD (Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle)

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
Phase IMaximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Cisplatin.20 mg/m^2
Primary

Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Gemcitabine.

Dose escalation (phase I portion of the trial only) to determine the MTD in mg/m\^2. Participants received Gemcitabine: 500 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle (Cohort 1) or Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle (Cohort 2)

Time frame: 28 days

Population: Cohort 1 cycle schedule was selected for the MTD (Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle)

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
Phase IMaximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Gemcitabine.500 mg/m^2
Primary

Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Irinotecan.

Dose escalation (phase I portion of the trial only) to determine the MTD in mg/m\^2. Participants received Irinotecan: 20 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle (Cohort 1) or Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle (Cohort 2)

Time frame: 28 days

Population: Cohort 1 cycle schedule was selected for the MTD (Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle)

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
Phase IMaximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Irinotecan.20 mg/m^2
Primary

Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Nab-paclitaxel.

Dose escalation (phase I portion of the trial only) to determine the MTD in mg/m\^2. Participants received Nab-paclitaxel: 20, 40, 60, 80, 100,125 mg/m\^2, IV over 30 minutes; Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle (Cohort 1) or Days 4 and 11 of a 21 day cycle (Cohort 2)

Time frame: 28 days

Population: Cohort 1 cycle schedule was selected for the MTD (Days 1 and 15 of a 28 day cycle)

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
Phase IMaximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Nab-paclitaxel.125 mg/m^2
Primary

Progression-free Survival (PFS) Using RECIST 1.1 Criteria

PFS is defined as the number of months from the date of first dose to disease progression (progressive disease \[PD\] or relapse from complete response \[CR\] as assessed using RECIST 1.1 criteria) or death due to any cause. Per RECIST 1.1 criteria, CR = disappearance of all target lesions, Partial Response (PR) is =\>30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, Progressive Disease (PD) is \>20% increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, Stable Disease (SD) is \<30% decrease or \<20% increase in sum of diameters of target lesions. Estimation based on the Kaplan-Meier curve.

Time frame: 27 months

Population: Per the clinical trial design, PFS analyses included all subjects who received the MTD (Cohort 1, Dose Level 5). Since the enrollment criteria and dose are the same, combining those who are treated at MTD at both phases increase the power and enable to estimate the treatment effect with increased precision. This included the 6 subjects enrolled in the Phase 1 portion of the trial and the 8 subjects enrolled in the Phase 2 portion of the trial for a total of 14 subjects.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Phase IProgression-free Survival (PFS) Using RECIST 1.1 Criteria5.92 months
Secondary

Safety of the Combination of Gemcitabine, Nab-paclitaxel, Capecitabine, Cisplatin, and Irinotecan (GAX-CI) in Patients With Untreated Metastatic PDA.

Number of patients who received the MTD (Cohort 1, Dose Level 5) that experienced a limiting toxicity. Limiting toxicity was defined as a grade 3 or above treatment-related toxicity, with the following exceptions: 1. Grade 3 anemia that resolves to \< grade 2 within 7 days; 2. Grade 3 thrombocytopenia without clinically significant bleeding that resolves to \< grade 2 within 7 days; 3. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia that resolves to \<grade 2 within 7 days; 4. Grade 3 or 4 leucopenia/lymphopenia; 5. Grade 3 nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea that resolves to \<grade 2 within 72 hours; 6. Grade 3 or 4 asymptomatic laboratory values that resolve to \< grade 2 within 7 days; 7. Grade 3 dermatologic AEs that are considered mild in severity but only considered grade 3 because of \>30% body surface involvement; 8. Grade 3 fatigue lasting less than 72 hours. This study used the descriptions and grading scales found in the revised NCI CTCAE fV 5.0 for adverse event reporting.

Time frame: 27 months

Population: Per the clinical trial design, safety analyses included all subjects who received the MTD (Cohort 1, Dose Level 5). Since the enrollment criteria and dose are the same, combining those who are treated at MTD at both phases enable to estimate the toxicity rate with increased precision. This included the 6 subjects enrolled in the Phase 1 portion of the trial and the 8 subjects enrolled in the Phase 2 portion of the trial for a total of 14 subjects.

ArmMeasureValue (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Phase ISafety of the Combination of Gemcitabine, Nab-paclitaxel, Capecitabine, Cisplatin, and Irinotecan (GAX-CI) in Patients With Untreated Metastatic PDA.3 Participants

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026