Contraception
Conditions
Keywords
Contraception, Hormonal contraception, Long-acting reversible contraception, Condoms, Emergency contraception, Family planning services
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to measure whether a training and education intervention for clinic staff and young women aged 18-25 on contraceptive methods, including intrauterine devices (IUDs) and the implant, will result in greater contraceptive knowledge and access among students in community colleges.
Detailed description
In the US, young women aged 18-25 years have limited knowledge of contraception or pregnancy risks and often experience challenges in accessing reproductive health care. They have little familiarity with the full range of contraceptives, particularly long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) including the IUD and implant. This campus-level, multiple component intervention provides evidence-based contraceptive training and education to clinic staff and students in this age group attending community colleges in California and Texas.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALContraceptive Training and Education
Staff at the student health center and local health centers where they refer for contraceptive services will receive a CME-accredited education and training session and technical assistance. The one-day session emphasizes evidence-based and patient-centered contraceptive counseling and provision. Students attending colleges assigned to the intervention arm will receive materials and resources designed to educate young people about contraceptive methods and where to access services.
BEHAVIORALPlacebo Nutrition Education
Students attending colleges assigned to the nutrition education arm will receive materials and resources designed to educate young people about the impacts of sugar on health.
Sponsors
University of California, San Francisco
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 25 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
This study involves two groups of human subjects: students at 28 community colleges and staff at the student health center and referral clinics. Students must be: * Female; * Age 18-25; * Speaks English; * Sexually active (vaginal sex with a male partner) in the last year; * Not currently pregnant; * Does not want to become pregnant in the next 12 months; * At risk of pregnancy (including not sterilized); * Enrolled in the current term at the participating community college; * First-time college students, meaning no college enrollment prior to the current academic year; and * Willing to be contacted by email and telephone over the next 12 months. Clinic staff must: * Be employed by a participating clinic; and * Offer clinical care, counseling or education for contraception at the clinic. For colleges to be eligible to be study sites, they must: * Be an accredited community college; * Not share health center staff with a participating college site; * Have no active LARC intervention; and * Enroll students ages 18-25 years.
Exclusion criteria
* Students and clinic staff will be excluded if they do not meet the inclusion criteria.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in student knowledge of full range of contraceptive methods (questionnaire) | Baseline, immediate post educational intervention session | The outcome is measured by whether student knows of reversible methods including male condom, female condom, oral contraceptive pill, transdermal patch, vaginal ring, Depo-provera injectable, intrauterine device, subdermal implant, and emergency contraception. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in student access to contraceptive services over 12 months, measured as whether student knows of or visited health services for contraceptives (questionnaire) | Baseline, 12 months |
| Change in willingness to use long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) (questionnaire) | Baseline, immediate post educational intervention session |
| Change in LARC use over 12 months (questionnaire) | Baseline, 12 months |
| Dual condom use at last sex, measured by student report of condom use together with another method of birth control at last vaginal sex (questionnaire) | Baseline, 6 months, 12 months |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Sub-analyses for change in student knowledge of full range of contraceptive methods (questionnaire) | Baseline, immediate post educational intervention session, 6 months | The outcome is measured by whether student knows of reversible methods including male condom, female condom, oral contraceptive pill, transdermal patch, vaginal ring, Depo-provera injectable, intrauterine device, subdermal implant, and emergency contraception. The researchers will assess the outcome of student contraceptive knowledge by sociodemographic factors (age, race/ethnicity, parental education, health insurance, receipt of public assistance) and reproductive characteristics (parity, pregnancy intentions, male partner, prior contraceptive use). |
| Sub-analyses for change in student access to contraceptive services over 12 months, measured as whether student knew of or visited health services for contraceptives (questionnaire) | Baseline, 12 months | The researchers will assess the outcome of contraceptive access by sociodemographic factors (age, race/ethnicity, parental education, health insurance, receipt of public assistance) and reproductive characteristics (parity, pregnancy intentions, male partner, prior contraceptive use). The researchers will also test interaction of the intervention with race/ethnicity, parental education, and health insurance. |
| Sub-analyses for changes in LARC use over 12 months, measured by whether student is using an IUD or implant (questionnaire) | Baseline, 12 months | The researchers will assess the outcome of LARC use over 12 months by sociodemographic factors (age, race/ethnicity, health insurance), reproductive characteristics (parity, pregnancy intentions, prior contraceptive use) and women's autonomy in contraceptive decision-making including perceptions of bias in education and counseling. |
| Unintended pregnancy incidence | 12 months | The researchers will measure pregnancy through questionnaires and urine pregnancy tests. |
| Sub-analyses for certificate or degree completion (ordinal outcome including categories for on-time progression for graduation, delayed progression or dropout), measured by student report (questionnaire) | 12 months | The researchers will assess the ordinal educational outcome variable by age, race/ethnicity, parental education, and poverty. The researchers will also test interaction of the intervention with race/ethnicity, parental education, and poverty. |
| Certificate or degree completion | 3 years | — |
| Sub-analyses for unintended pregnancy | 12 months | The researchers will assess the outcome of unintended pregnancy by sociodemographic factors (age, race/ethnicity, parental education, health insurance, receipt of public assistance) and reproductive characteristics (parity, pregnancy intentions, male partner, prior contraceptive use). |
| Certificate or degree completion (ordinal outcome including categories for on-time progression for graduation, delayed progression or dropout), measured by student report (questionnaire) | 12 months | — |
| Change in receipt of public assistance (questionnaire) | Baseline, 12 months | — |
| Likelihood of finding good job after college measured by questionnaire item asking student if she thinks she will find a good job after college (measured with Likert scale: very likely, likely, unlikely, very unlikely) | 12 months | — |
| Change in provider LARC practices (questionnaire) | Baseline, 12 months | — |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed