Pancreatic Cancer
Conditions
Keywords
Pancreatic cancer, Pancreas cancer, Pancreatic, Pancreas, cancer, low toxicity, chemotherapy, metastatic, SM-88, SM88, 3rd line, third line, CMBT, well tolerated, MPS, Racemetyrosine, Methoxsalen, Sirolimus, Phenytoin
Brief summary
A prospective, open-label phase 2/3 trial in metastatic pancreatic cancer participants who have failed two lines of prior systemic therapy. The trial is designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SM-88 used with MPS (methoxsalen, phenytoin and sirolimus) in pancreatic cancer and will measure multiple endpoints, including overall survival, progression free survival, relevant biomarkers, quality of life, safety, and overall response rate. (Part 1 enrollment complete) In the initial stage of the trial (36 participants), two dose levels of SM-88's metyrosine-derivative was evaluated. (Part 2 actively enrolling) The second part will consist of a subsequent expansion of the trial to further assess safety and efficacy of SM-88 used with MPS containing the selected SM-88 RP2D from Part 1. A total of 250 participants in the second part will be randomized 1:1 either to the SM-88 arm (125 participants) or Physician's Choice of therapy for the Control Arm (125 participants). Participants should have previously received two lines of prior systemic therapy.
Detailed description
Please refer to Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria and Summary
Interventions
DRUGSM-88 used with MPS (methoxsalen, phenytoin, sirolimus)
Daily oral therapy for cancer
DRUGCapecitabine, Gemcitabine, and 5-FU
Investigator choice of the following therapies: Capecitabine, Gemcitabine, and 5-FU
Sponsors
Tyme, Inc
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria: 1\. Part 1 Biopsy-proven metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma with documented radiographic disease progression on or after one or more systemic therapies. Chemotherapy given as part of prior chemoradiation in the setting of non-metastatic pancreatic cancer does not count as a line of therapy. Chemotherapy given for at least 4 months as adjuvant after complete response is considered as a first line therapy. Part 2 Biopsy-proven metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma on or after two prior lines of systemic therapy. Chemotherapy given as part of prior chemo- radiation in the setting of non-metastatic pancreatic cancer does not count as a line of therapy unless metastases develop within 6 months of completing the chemo sensitization. Chemotherapy given for at least 4 months as adjuvant after a CR to any therapy (e.g. surgery and radiation therapy) is also considered as a first line therapy. Of the two prior lines, participants should have received a gemcitabine-based regimen for a prior line and a 5-FU based regimen as a prior line of therapy. Investigational therapies as part of a prior line regimen are permitted. 2\. Participants Have received two (2) and not more than two (2) previous systemic regimens for the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma 3\. Must be eligible to receive one or more of the Physician Choice options. 4\. Radiographically measurable disease of at least one site by CT scan (or MRI, if allergic to CT contrast media). Imaging results must be obtained within the 14-day window prior to randomization 5\. Must have completed any investigational cancer therapy at least 30 days prior to first dose. 6\. Must have completed any other cancer therapy at least 14 days prior to first dose and recovered from major side effects of prior therapies or procedures. 7\. ≥18 years of age. 8\. ECOG PS ≤2. 9\. Adequate organ function defined as follows (lab results must be obtained within the 7-day window prior to randomization): 1. All laboratory parameters ≤ Grade 2 NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) criteria. 2. In addition: i. Hematologic: Platelets ≥ 100 x 109 g/dL; Absolute Neutrophil Count ≥ 1.5 x 109/L (without platelet transfusion or growth factors within the 7 days prior to the screening laboratory assessment). ii. Hepatic: transaminase /alanine transaminase ≤ 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN); total or conjugated bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) \< 2.5 x ULN. iii. Renal: serum creatinine ≤1.5 x ULN and creatinine clearance ≥ 60 mL/min as calculated by the Cockroft-Gault method. iv. Coagulation: International normalized ratio (INR) ≤ 1.2 within 28 days of starting study. v. Albumin: ≥ 3.0 g/dL. vi. Weight: No more than a 5% change from Screening to Randomization (must be at least 1 week apart). 10\. All acute toxic effects of any prior antitumor therapy resolved to Grade ≤ 1 before baseline, with the exception of alopecia and neurotoxicity (CTCAE Grade 1 or 2 permitted). 11\. Able and willing to provide written informed consent to participate in this study. 12.Willing and able to comply with the protocol for the duration of the study including undergoing treatment and scheduled visits and examinations including follow up. 13\. Must be able to swallow whole capsules. 14\. Females must either be of non-reproductive potential, not breast-feeding or must have a negative urine or serum pregnancy test within 28 days of study treatment, confirmed prior to treatment on Day 1. 15\. Participant of fertile potential who engage in heterosexual intercourse with partners of childbearing potential must attest to the use of highly effective contraception while enrolled in the study and for at least 6 months following the last dose of study drug. Highly effective birth control methods include the following (the participantshould choose 2 to be used with their partner): 1. Oral, injectable, or implanted hormonal contraceptives. 2. Condom with a spermicidal foam, gel, film, cream, or suppository. 3. Occlusive cap (diaphragm or cervical/vault cap) with a spermicidal foam, gel, film, cream, or suppository. Or any one of the following: 1. Intrauterine device. 2. Intrauterine system (for example, progestin-releasing coil). 3. Vasectomized male (as determined by the investigator). 4. Tubal ligation/sterilization (female).
Exclusion criteria
for Parts 1 and 2 are as follows: 1. Any screening laboratory, ECG, or other findings that, in the opinion of the investigator, medical monitor or the sponsor, indicate an unacceptable risk for the participant's participation in the study. 2. History or evidence of any clinically significant disorder, condition, or disease that, in the opinion of the investigator or medical monitor would pose a risk to the participant's safety or interfere with the study evaluations, procedures, or completion. Examples include intercurrent illness such as active uncontrolled infection, active or chronic bleeding event within 28 days of baseline, uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situation that would limit compliance with study requirements. 3. History of a concurrent or second malignancy, except for adequately treated localized basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, adequately treated superficial bladder cancer, adequately treated Stage 1 or 2 cancer currently in complete remission; or any other cancer that has been in complete remission for ≥ 5 years. 4. Participants with MSI-H pancreatic cancer who have not previously received pembrolizumab. 5. Any known actionable mutation (e.g. BRCA mutation) who have not been treated with an approved drug for the mutation (the drug does not have to be approved for the indication). 6. Radiation to all target lesions within 12 weeks of study baseline. 7. No measurable target lesions. 8. Current use, or up to 14 days prior use, of a restricted medication (see Section 8.7) or requires any of these medications during treatment phase. 9. Major surgery, defined as any surgical procedure that involves general anesthesia and a significant incision (i.e. larger than that required for placement of central venous access, percutaneous feeding tube, or biopsy) within 28 days of the first dose of study drug. 10. Minor surgical procedures within 7 days of baseline, or not yet recovered from any prior surgery. 11. Any dysphagia, odynophagia, esophageal dysmotility or stricture, known gastrointestinal (GI) malabsorption syndrome, or intractable diarrhea that may significantly alter the absorption of any of the components of SM-88 used with MPS, e.g., cirrhosis. 12. Known human immunodeficiency (HIV) virus infection. Note: HIV testing is not required in the absence of clinical suspicion. 13. Known hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive. 14. Known hepatitis C (HCV) viral RNA present. 15. Have previously been enrolled in this study or any other study investigating SM-88 or who have previously received any SM-88, methoxsalen, phenytoin, or sirolimus in a clinical trial. 16. History of any known drug allergies to any study medication. 17. Are currently enrolled in, or have discontinued within 14 days of screening, from a clinical trial involving an investigational product or non-approved use of a drug or device. 18. Must not have any clinically significant and uncontrolled major medical condition(s) including, but not limited to uncontrolled nausea/vomiting/diarrhea; active uncontrolled infection; symptomatic congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association \[NYHA\] class ≥ II); unstable angina pectoris or cardiac arrhythmia; psychiatric illness/social situation that would limit compliance with study requirements. 19. \>5% weight loss over the 28 days prior to consent or \>5% change in weight from consent to randomization. 20. Participants that have a variety of factors influencing oral drugs (such as unable to swallow, nausea, vomiting, chronic diarrhea and intestinal obstruction, etc.). 21. Central nervous system metastasis; with the exception of participants who have stable brain metastases as defined as off steroids and no CNS progress for 6 months after CNS treatment. 22. Pregnant or lactating women. 23. Substance abuse that cannot be ended, or participants with mental disorders that will prevent compliance or evaluation including uncontrolled schizophrenia, uncontrolled depression or other uncontrolled disorders. 24. History of hypersensitivity to phenytoin, its inactive ingredients, or other hydantoins; or a history of prior acute hepatotoxicity attributable to phenytoin. 25. Participants exhibiting idiosyncratic reactions to psoralen compounds. 26. Participants with a hypersensitivity to sirolimus. 27. Participants with a history of the light sensitive diseases for which methoxsalen would be contraindicated. Diseases associated with photosensitivity include lupus erythematosus, porphyria cutanea tarda, erythropoietic protoporphyria, variegate porphyria, xeroderma pigmentosum, and albinism. 28. Participants treated, or anticipated to be treated, with delavirdine (due to potential for loss of virologic response and possible resistance to delavirdine or to the class of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors caused by phenytoin). 29. Participants with cutaneous melanoma or invasive squamous cell carcinomas or a history thereof, except for those in complete remission for ≥5 years (due to contraindication for use of methoxsalen). 30. Participants with prior organ transplant or being treated, or anticipated to be treated, with cyclosporine (because long-term administration of the combination of cyclosporine and sirolimus is associated with deterioration of renal function). 31. Participants with a seizure disorder that is not well controlled or who have required a change in seizure medications within 60 days of enrollment to the trial. 32. Participants treated, or anticipated to be treated, with a calcineurin inhibitor (because concomitant use of sirolimus and a calcineurin inhibitor increases the risk of calcineurin inhibitor-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome/thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura/thrombotic microangiopathy \[HUS/TTP/TMA\]). 33. Participants with interstitial lung disease (ILD) \[including pneumonitis, bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP), and pulmonary fibrosis\]. 34. Baseline repeated prolongation of QT/QTc interval \[e.g. \> 480 milliseconds (ms)\] (CTCAE Grade 1) using Fredericia's QT correction formula. 35. A family history of Long QT Syndrome or Torsades de Pointes 36. Clinically significant cataracts or aphakia. 37. Presence of ascites or pleural effusion.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Survival (OS) | Up to 12 months | OS was defined as the number of days between the first study drug administration and death from any cause. Results are reported in weeks. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Progression Free Survival (PFS) | Up to 12 months | Progression-Free Survival (PFS), is defined as the time from randomization to first documentation of objective tumor progression (progressive disease) or death due to any reasons whichever comes first. Disease progression per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria is defined as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, or a measurable increase in a non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions. Results are reported in weeks. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Pre-assignment details
This was a two-part study. The first part (Part 1) was used to determine which dose of SM-88 was to be selected for further study (recommended for Phase 2 dose \[RP2D\]). The second part (Part 2) consisted of an expansion cohort of participants at the selected dose of Physician's Choice therapies.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Part 1: SM-88 460 mg Participants received 230 mg SM-88 oral tablets twice daily along with MPS for up to 6 months | 25 |
| Part 1: SM-88 920 mg Participants received 460 mg SM-88 oral tablets twice daily along with MPS for up to 6 months | 23 |
| Part 2: SM-88 920 mg Participants received 460 mg SM-88 oral tablets twice daily along with MPS for up to 6 months | 40 |
| Part 2: Physician's Choice Participants received one of capecitabine, gemcitabine or 5-FU per the physician's choice | 30 |
| Total | 118 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 | FG003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part 1 | Death | 23 | 18 | 0 | 0 |
| Part 1 | Lost to Follow-up | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Part 1 | Physician Decision | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Part 1 | Withdrawal by Subject | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Part 2 | Death | 0 | 0 | 32 | 21 |
| Part 2 | Lost to Follow-up | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Part 2 | Physician Decision | 0 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
| Part 2 | Protocol Violation | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Part 2 | Study Terminated by Sponsor | 0 | 0 | 2 | 6 |
| Part 2 | Withdrawal by Subject | 0 | 0 | 3 | 9 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Part 1: SM-88 460 mg | Part 1: SM-88 920 mg | Part 2: SM-88 920 mg | Part 2: Physician's Choice | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 14 Participants | 12 Participants | 18 Participants | 23 Participants | 67 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 11 Participants | 11 Participants | 22 Participants | 7 Participants | 51 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 7 Participants | 1 Participants | 9 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 24 Participants | 23 Participants | 33 Participants | 29 Participants | 109 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 2 Participants | 6 Participants | 9 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 2 Participants | 3 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 3 Participants | 1 Participants | 4 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 25 Participants | 21 Participants | 33 Participants | 19 Participants | 98 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 11 Participants | 12 Participants | 14 Participants | 13 Participants | 50 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 14 Participants | 11 Participants | 26 Participants | 17 Participants | 68 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk | EG003 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 23 / 25 | 18 / 24 | 32 / 41 | 21 / 40 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 12 / 25 | 10 / 23 | 23 / 40 | 18 / 30 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 14 / 25 | 12 / 23 | 19 / 40 | 11 / 30 |
Outcome results
Primary
Overall Survival (OS)
OS was defined as the number of days between the first study drug administration and death from any cause. Results are reported in weeks.
Time frame: Up to 12 months
Population: Evaluable Population included all participants enrolled in the study who received at least 1 cycle (28 days) of study drug. Here, 'Overall number of participants analyzed' = participants evaluable for this Outcome Measure.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Part 1: SM-88 460 mg | Overall Survival (OS) | 21.3 Weeks |
| Part 1: SM-88 920 mg | Overall Survival (OS) | 15.7 Weeks |
| Part 2: SM-88 920 mg | Overall Survival (OS) | 14.0 Weeks |
| Part 2: Physician's Choice | Overall Survival (OS) | 24.1 Weeks |
Secondary
Progression Free Survival (PFS)
Progression-Free Survival (PFS), is defined as the time from randomization to first documentation of objective tumor progression (progressive disease) or death due to any reasons whichever comes first. Disease progression per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria is defined as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, or a measurable increase in a non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions. Results are reported in weeks.
Time frame: Up to 12 months
Population: Intent to Treat (ITT) Population included all participants who consented in the study and randomized to treatment, and assigned to treatment they were randomized to. Here, 'Overall number of participants analyzed' = participants evaluable for this Outcome Measure.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Part 1: SM-88 460 mg | Progression Free Survival (PFS) | 8.0 Weeks |
| Part 1: SM-88 920 mg | Progression Free Survival (PFS) | 8.0 Weeks |
| Part 2: SM-88 920 mg | Progression Free Survival (PFS) | 7.7 Weeks |
| Part 2: Physician's Choice | Progression Free Survival (PFS) | 8.9 Weeks |