Autonomic Imbalance, Hypertension, Insulin Resistance, Oxidative Stress
Conditions
Keywords
Hypertension, Oxidative stress, Antioxidant, Autonomic imbalance, Insulin resistance, Cytokines
Brief summary
Recent evidence suggests that there is a directly proportional relationship between diets with a high concentration of antioxidants and the reduction of blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular events. However, there is a gap with regard to research on the effects of these diets on vascular function, especially in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of antioxidant supplementation through the consumption of blueberry, cranberry and pomegranate extract capsules (1 of each per day), the effect of the autonomic balance in hypertensive and normotensive adults.
Detailed description
A clinical trial was performed, with 60 individuals, 30 normotensive and 30 hypertensive patients. Participants were of both sex, aged between 18 and 60 years and Body Mass Index (BMI) less than 35 kg / m². Venous blood samples were collected after 12-hour fasting for biochemical measurements (glucose, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, sodium, potassium, urea, creatinine, insulin), and adiponectin , interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-2β (IL-2β), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), leptin, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 and nitrotyrosine. An anthropometric evaluation was performed with measures of weight, height, waist circumference and cervical circumference. The hemodynamic evaluation was done through a non-invasive monitor. The study participants were divided into 2 different groups: Group A (normotensive) and Group B (hypertensive). The capsules for antioxidant supplementation were of blueberry, cranberry and pomegranate, being one capsule of each a day. Study participants received placebo capsules for 4 weeks and then received the fruit extract capsules (blueberry, cranberry and pomegranate), one capsule a day for 4 weeks. All tests were performed at baseline, after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention. The comparison between groups was performed with the Multiple Comparison Test (ANOVA). The research project was approved by the Ethics Committee for Analysis of Research Projects (CAPPesq) of the Hospital das Clinicas of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Sao Paulo. Participation in the research was voluntary and all participants read and signed the consent form. The risk for the present participant was minimal.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTAntioxidants capsules
1 capsule of cranberry, 1 capsule of blueberry, and 1 capsule of pomegranate extracts were offered during 4 weeks
Sponsors
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
University of Sao Paulo General Hospital
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Intervention model description
A group of hypertensive patients and a group of normotensive individuals
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 59 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* diagnosis of hypertension - group Hypertensives * Healthy people - group Normotensive
Exclusion criteria
* Patients with glycated hemoglobin \> 7%, * Patients with a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, * Patients with LDL-cholesterol\> 160 mg/dL (non-diabetics) * Pregnant women, * Cigarret smokers, * Diabetics using more than one drug in addition to metformin, * Patients with LDL-cholesterol\> 130 mg/dL (non-diabetic using statin), * LDL cholesterol ≥ 100 mg / dL (patients on statin), * Patients with valvular heart disease, * Pulmonary hypertension, * Patients with collagen disease, * Patients with type of cancer, * Complex arrhythmia, * Those patients with any chronic crippling pathology.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Effect of antioxidants on heart rate variability in 29 normotensive subjects and 30 hypertensive patients | 4 weeks | Antioxidant supplementation should improve heart rate variability as a consequence of improved antioxidant capacity |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Effect of antioxidants on insulin resistance in 29 normotensive subjects and 30 hypertensive patients | 4 weeks | Supplementation with antioxidants should improve insulin resistance |
| Effect of antioxidants on blood pressure in 29 normotensive subjects and 30 hypertensive patients | 4 weeks | Supplementation with antioxidants should improve blood pressure |
| Effect of antioxidants on antioxidant capacity in 29 normotensive subjects and 30 hypertensive patients | 4 weeks | Supplementation with antioxidants should improve antioxidant capacity |
Outcome results
None listed