Dietary Habits, Insulin Sensitivity, Sleep
Conditions
Brief summary
Many teenagers do not get enough sleep. Obesity and diabetes are increasing in teenagers as well. This study plans to learn more about sleep and insulin resistance (insulin not working) in teenagers, and how these things may be related depending on sleep. This is important to know so that the investigators understand how sleep may play a role in health conditions like extra weight gain (increased food intake and less physical activity) and diabetes. To answer this question, the investigators plan to enroll teenagers who get \<7 hours of sleep on school nights and measure changes in insulin sensitivity and dietary intake after a week of typical sleep (sleeping on their normal school schedule) and a week of longer sleep (spending 1+ hour longer in bed each night).
Interventions
BEHAVIORALSleep Extension
Participants will be asked to increase time in bed at least 1 hour more than baseline
Sponsors
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
University of Colorado, Denver
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
14 Years to 19 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
1. High school students between the age of 14-19 years 2. have typically insufficient sleep, defined by ≤ 7 hours per night on school days 3. BMI 5th-84th percentile for age and sex 4. habitually sedentary (\< 3 hours of regular physical activity per week) 5. Tanner stage 4 or 5, based on breast development for girls and testicular size for boys.
Exclusion criteria
1. Any medications that affect IR or sleep (e.g., metformin, stimulants, atypical antipsychotics, current use of oral steroids) 2. regular use of melatonin or other sleep aids 3. a prior diagnosis of a sleep disorder (e.g. insomnia, delayed sleep phase syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea) 4. Type 2 diabetes or prediabetes 5. IQ\<70 or severe mental illness that may impact sleep or ability to consent/assent (e.g., schizophrenia, psychotic episodes) 6. teens not enrolled in a traditional high school academic program (e.g., home school students) 7. schedules that would preclude participants from adhering to the sleep manipulation (e.g. night shift employment) 8. travel across more than two time zones in the 2 weeks prior to the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Insulin Sensitivity | 2 weeks after Baseline and 7 weeks after Baseline | Insulin sensitivity assessed two times with an insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test. |
| Change in Sleep Duration & Timing | At Baseline, 1 week after Baseline, and 6 weeks after Baseline | Assessed three times with a wrist-worn Actigraphy |
| Change in Physical activity | At Baseline, 1 week after Baseline and 6 weeks after Baseline | Assessed three times with a triaxial thigh-worn ActivPal |
| Change in Dietary Intake | 1 week after Baseline and 6 weeks after Baseline | Participants will be asked to complete diet diaries two times for 3 days during each sleep condition (prior to each overnight assessment), listing all food and drink consumed, estimated portion size, and timing of consumption. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in glycemic variability | 2 weeks after Baseline and 7 weeks after Baseline | Assessed two times with a continuous glucose monitor |
| MTNR1B rs10830963 SNP | 2 weeks after Baseline | Genotyping will be conducted on saliva samples |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed