Alzheimer Disease
Conditions
Keywords
retinal nerve fiber layer, cerebrospinal fluid Aβ and Tau
Brief summary
To test the hypothesis that retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness is correlated with Aβ and Tau concentration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an older population.
Detailed description
retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness changing has been reported in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients at an early stage, and has been demonstrated as a potential biomarker able to predict cognitive deterioration (Hinton DR et al., N Engl J Med 1986; London A et al. Nat Rev Neurol 2013; Chang LY et al., Alzheimers Dement 2014). However, whether RNFL thickness is correlated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) features of AD pathogenesis (e.g., Aβ and Tau) remains unclear. The investigators thus conducted this observational cohort study to test the correlation between RNFL thickness changing and CSF, to further validate RNFL as a potential AD biomarker.
Interventions
PROCEDUREsurgery
All participants were scheduled to have elective total hip or knee replacement surgery, ureteroscopic lithotripsy and transurethral resection of the prostate under spinal anesthesia at the Shanghai 10th People's Hospital. After 5 years, the investigaors will follow up the participants including cognitive functions, PET-CT, thickness of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer.
Sponsors
Massachusetts General Hospital
Shanghai 10th People's Hospital
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
50 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. 50 years old or older; 2. five years or more of education and scores of MMSE ≥ 24 points; 3. Chinese as their first language; 4. Having spinal anesthesia.
Exclusion criteria
1. prior diagnoses of neurologic diseases, e.g., dementia, Parkinson's diseases, multiple sclerosis or stroke according to DSM-IV; 2. history of mental disorders (e.g., major depressive disorder and schizophrenia) diagnosed according to DSM-IV; 3. known diseases contributing to the retina pathologies, e.g., diabetes, glaucoma or increased intraocular pressure (more than 22 mmHg), cataract, and macular degeneration and hypermyopia; 4. unwillingness to comply with the cognitive assessments; 5. ungradable images of OCT.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Specific cognitive function | Within one week before surgery | Neuropsychological test battery to assess specific cognitive function, including immediate memory, visuospatial memory and executive function. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness | Within one week before surgery | Optical coherence tomography (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA, USA) to measure RNFL thickness |
| Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ concentration | During the spinal anesthesia before the administration of the local anesthetic. | ELISA kits (Aβ40: Cat. # 292-62301; Aβ42: Cat. # 296-64401, Wako, Richmond, VA) to measure Aβ concentration |
| Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Tau concentration | During the spinal anesthesia before the administration of the local anesthetic. | ELISA kits (Tau: Cat. # KHB0041, Invitrogen, San Francisco, CA) to measure Aβ concentration |
| Global cognitive state | Within one week before surgery | Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to assess global cognitive function |
Countries
China
Outcome results
None listed