Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Conditions
Brief summary
This pseudo-randomized intervention study examined change in inhibitory control following a sleep manipulation in which children with and without ADHD were instructed to advance their bedtime by 90 minutes for five days.
Detailed description
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a sleep extension intervention in young children with ADHD and determine whether sleep extension improves inhibitory control, a primary deficit in ADHD. Design: Children with and without ADHD completed two 5-day assessments: a baseline condition in which children followed their normal bedtime routine and a sleep extension condition in which children were instructed to go to bed 90 minutes earlier than their habitual bedtime. Sleep was assessed with actigraphy and, on the final night, polysomnography. A Go/No-Go task was used to assess inhibitory control. Setting: Participants slept in their home on nights 1-4 and in the sleep laboratory on night 5 of each condition. Main Outcomes and Measures: Of interest is actigraph measurement of total sleep time for the baseline compared to the sleep extension condition. Polysomnography will be used to compared changes in sleep physiology. The primary behavioral outcome is inhibitory control, indexed by accuracy on No-Go trials in the Go/No-Go task.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALSleep Extension
Child attempted to go to bed 90 mins in advance of their normal bedtime.
Sponsors
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Participants are assigned to the ADHD or Typically Developing group based on diagnosis history. Each then completes the intervention (EXTENSION) either preceded or followed by a week of baseline sleep (CONTROL). The order is pseudo-randomized.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
6 Years to 9 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* A subset of children were required to have an ADHD diagnosis
Exclusion criteria
* diagnosis of intellectual disabilities or developmental delay * current diagnosis of history of sleep disorder * uncorrected hearing or visual impairments
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| total sleep time | 5 days (actigraph watch is worn for 5 days in each condition and overnight sleep time is identified and averaged across these 5 days) | average nightly across 5 nights |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| inhibitory control | measured before and after sleep - about 12 hrs | measured with the Go/NoGo task |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed