Pathogenetic Basis of Aortopathy and Aortic Valve Disease

Aortic Valve Disease, Aortopathies, Arterial Tortuosity Syndrome, Ascending Aortic Aneurysm, Ascending Aortic Disease, Autosomal Recessive Cutis Laxa, Bicuspid Aortic Valve, Bicuspid Aortic Valve-Associated Aortopathy, Congenital Contractural Arachnodactyly, Descending Aortic Aneurysm, Descending Aortic Disease, Familial Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Aortic Dissection, Loeys-Dietz Syndrome, Marfan Syndrome, PHACE Syndrome, Shprintzen-Goldberg Syndrome, Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic Aortic Disease, Thoracic Aortic Dissection, Thoracic Aortic Rupture, Turner Syndrome, Vascular Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Cardiac Disease, Cardiovascular Genetics

The main purpose of this study is to define the complex genetic and pathogenic basis of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and other forms of aortopathy and/or aortic valve disease by identifying novel disease-causing genes and by identifying important genetic modifiers for aortic and aortic valve disease severity.

Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a type of aortopathy describing dilation of the proximal aortic dimensions including the aortic root, which is a risk factor for aortic dissection and sudden cardiac death. TAA and other forms of aortopathy (e.g. aortic tortuosity or aortic hypoplasia/stenosis) develop in the presence or absence of additional cardiovascular malformations including bicuspid aortic valve. TAA is associated with connective tissue disorders (e.g. Marfan syndrome), and familial clustering has been identified in a significant proportion of nonsyndromic cases, establishing high heritability. Pedigree analysis of TAA kindreds clearly identifies complex inheritance; however, progress towards understanding the genetic basis of TAA and other forms of aortopathy and, ultimately, the susceptibility to aortic dissection remains incomplete. There is a clinical need to develop novel methods for predicting disease risk based on genotype and phenotype, to further elucidate the genetic and pathogenic mechanisms of aortopathy, and to improve medical and surgical therapies. The overarching hypothesis of this study is that individual genetic variation modulates susceptibility to disease severity and progression. The goals of this study are 1) to ascertain a cohort of subjects who have aortopathy and/or aortic valve disease including TAA or who have genetic risk for the development of aortopathy and/or aortic valve disease, 2) to collect paired blood and tissue samples from well-characterized subjects, family members of subjects, and controls to perform genome-wide DNA sequence, histopathologic, transcriptional, and proteomic analyses, and 3) to establish a tissue biorepository with detailed phenotype information to facilitate a broad spectrum of current and future studies.

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