Large Sample PD Patients and Healthy Controls

Neuro-Degenerative Disease

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) has frequently been used to investigate local spontaneous brain activity in Parkinson's disease (PD) in a whole-brain, voxel-wise manner. To quantitatively integrate these studies, we conducted a coordinate-based meta-analysis on 15 studies that used amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and 11 studies that used regional homogeneity (ReHo). All these ALFF and ReHo studies have compared PD patients with healthy controls. We also performed a validation RS-fMRI study of ALFF and ReHo in a frequency-dependent manner for a novel dataset consisting of PD and healthy controls.

Seed-based d Mapping (formerly Signed Differential Mapping, SDM) software (version 5.141 for Windows) (www.sdmproject.com) was used for meta-analysis. For the validation, fMRI data were acquired on a 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance scanner (Trio system; Siemens Magnetom scanner, Erlangen, Germany) with gradient-echo echo-plannar imaging sequences. Whole brain fMRI scanning was carried out. All participants were instructed to keep their eyes closed, relax, remain motionless, not think of anything in particular, and not fall asleep. Foam pads were used to minimize head motion.