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Phase 3 Study of Reltecimod vs Placebo in Patients With Sepsis-associated Acute Kidney Injury

Phase 3 Randomized, Double-blind Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Reltecimod as Compared to Placebo in Addition to Standard of Care in Patients With Sepsis-associated Acute Kidney Injury (SA-AKI)

Status
Terminated
Phases
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT03403751
Enrollment
58
Registered
2018-01-19
Start date
2018-05-24
Completion date
2019-12-14
Last updated
2021-10-12

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Acute Kidney Injury, Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection, Peritonitis

Keywords

Abdominal sepsis, AKI, NSTI

Brief summary

Phase 3 multicenter study to be conducted in up to 90 qualified participating sites globally to assess the efficacy and safety of Reltecimod vs placebo in patients with sepsis-associated Stage 2/3 AKI.

Detailed description

Phase 3 randomized, placebo controlled study assessing the efficacy (complete recovery from AKI) and safety of Reltecimod in patients with suspected or confirmed abdominal sepsis (planned or completed surgical (laparotomy or laparoscopy) or interventional radiologic procedures for control of underlying abdominal infection within 24 hours of evaluation by medical personnel) or patients with surgically confirmed necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI), requiring intensive care unit (ICU) or step down unit admission and in whom the diagnosis of Stage 2/3 acute kidney injury (AKI; as defined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria) is established at initial presentation for medical evaluation or up to 48 hours from the suspected diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or from surgically confirmed diagnosis of NSTI.

Interventions

DRUGReltecimod 0.5 mg/kg

Single IV infusion of 0.5 mg/kg Reltecimod (at a concentration of 1 mg/mL) over approximately 10 minutes

DRUGPlacebo

Single IV infusion of 0.5 mL/kg of 0.9% saline (volume equivalent to Reltecimod dosing schema) over approximately 10 minutes

Sponsors

Atox Bio Ltd
Lead SponsorINDUSTRY

Study design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)

Masking description

Sponsor personnel and clinical research associates (CRAs) will also be blinded to study treatment.

Intervention model description

1:1 randomization of study drug (Reltecimod) and placebo (normal saline)

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 85 Years
Healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

1. Has either suspected or documented diagnosis of abdominal sepsis requiring treatment with parenteral antibiotics and planned or completed surgical (laparotomy or laparoscopy) or interventional radiologic procedures within 24 hours of evaluation by medical personnel. Recommended surgical or interventional radiologic procedures be performed with 12 hours of evaluation by medical personnel. 2. Initial diagnosis of AKI Stage 2 or 3 according to KDIGO AKI criteria established either upon presentation to medical care in those patients with suspected abdominal sepsis or in those patients in whom the initial diagnosis of AKI is established during the 48 hour period from the suspected diagnosis of abdominal sepsis. 3. Study medication must be administered within 6 hours of confirmation of onset of Stage 2 or 3 AKI as established at the study site, under the following criteria: * After the decision is made by the attending surgeon at the study site for a surgical or interventional radiology procedure for the abdominal infection OR * After confirmed diagnosis of abdominal infection has been established by a surgical or interventional radiology procedure

Exclusion criteria

1. Has known prior history of chronic kidney disease (CKD( with a documented estimated GFR (eGFR) \< 30 mL/min • Exception: Patients with history of CKD but no available prior eGFR who have documented normal kidney size on ultrasound or computed tomography evaluation (performed within 90 days of screening) will be eligible 2. Patients receiving renal replacment therapy (RRT) for CKD 3. . Previously diagnosed with documented AKI in the last 30 days 4. Documented primary glomerular disease or toxic tubulo-interstitial nephritis at the time of AKI diagnosis 5. Patient is not expected to survive throughout 28 days of study due to significant underlying medical condition 6. Any concurrent medical condition, which in the opinion of the Investigator, may compromise the safety of the patient or the objectives of the study or the patient will not benefit from treatment such as: * Congestive heart failure (CHF) {New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III-IV} * Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) {GOLD - Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease - stage IV. or chronic hypoxemia) * Liver dysfunction {Childs-Pugh class C} * Primary or acquired immunodeficiency or immunosuppression due to treatment with immunosuppressive medications * Known HIV infection with CD4 count \< 200 cells/mm3 or \< 14% of all lymphocytes * Neutropenia \< 1,000 cells/mm3 not due to the underlying infection * Receiving or about to receive chemotherapy or biologic anti-cancer treatment, * Hematological and lymphatic malignancies in the last 5 years 7. Patient has acute pancreatitis with no established source of infection, uncomplicated appendicitis, or cholangitis or cholecystitis without peritonitis; 8. Pregnant or lactating women 9. Concurrent or previous enrollment in a clinical trial involving investigational drug or a medical device

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Adverse Events (AEs)28 DaysThe number of patients experiencing at least one AE.
Freedom From Durable Loss of Renal Function at Day 2828 DaysFreedom from durable loss of renal function at Day 28 required all of the following 3 components: alive at Day 28, free of dialysis at Day 28, and less than 37% loss of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at Day 28 from patient reference eGFR (measured by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease \[MDRD\] formula).
Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)28 DaysNumber of patients experiencing at least one SAE

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Ventilator-free Days28 DaysVentilator-free days refers to the number of days a patient was not on a ventilator through Day 28.
Vasopressor-free Days28 DaysVasopressor-free days refers to the number of days a patient did not receive a vasopressor through Day 28.
Hospital Days90 DaysHospital days refers to the number of days a patient spent time in the hospital.
Cumulative Number of Deaths90 DaysThe number of deaths occurring through Day 90
Secondary Infections28 DaysNumber of patients experiencing at least one secondary infection
Ventilator-free Days by Day 14 mSOFA Category28 DaysThe number of days a patient was not on a ventilator through Day 28, by mSOFA category
Vasopressor-free Days by Day 14 mSOFA Category28 DaysThe number of days a patient was not receiving a vasopressor through Day 28, by mSOFA category
Hospital Days by Day 14 mSOFA Category90 DaysThe number of days a patient was in the hospital.
Hospital Discharge Location by Day 14 mSOFA Category90 DaysNumber of patients with more favorable discharge location (home or rehabilitation facility) or less favorable discharge location (skilled nursing facility, another acute care facility, death, other) among patients alive at Day 14.
ICU-free Days by Day 14 Modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (mSOFA) Category28 DaysThe number of days a patient did not spend in the ICU through Day 28, by mSOFA category (mSOFA total score of 1 or less; mSOFA total score of 2 or more). Modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (mSOFA) total scores range from 0 to 20, with higher scores reflecting a worse clinical status or outcome. An mSOFA total score of 0 or 1 reflects resolution of organ dysfunction/failure.
Intensive Care Unit (ICU)-Free Days28 DaysICU-free days refers to the number of days a patient did not spend time in the ICU through Day 28.
Freedom From Durable Loss of Renal Function at Day 1414 DaysFreedom from durable loss of renal function at Day 14 required all of the following 3 components: alive at Day 14, free of dialysis at Day 14, and less than 37% loss of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at Day 14 from patient reference eGFR (measured by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease \[MDRD\] formula).

Other

MeasureTime frameDescription
Cumulative Mortality by Day 14 mSOFA Category90 DaysPercentage of patients who died through Day 90 using life table analysis

Countries

France, United States

Participant flow

Participants by arm

ArmCount
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kg
Single IV infusion of 0.5 mg/kg Reltecimod (at a concentration of 1 mg/mL)
28
Placebo
Single IV infusion of 0.5 mL/kg of 0.9% sodium chloride (volume equivalent with Reltecimod dosing schema)
30
Total58

Withdrawals & dropouts

PeriodReasonFG000FG001
Overall StudyDeath56
Overall StudyDiscontinuation (includes missing from Day 29)22

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicTotalPlaceboReltecimod 0.5 mg/kg
Acuity of AKI
AKI diagnosed at time of diagnosis of infection
29 Participants12 Participants17 Participants
Acuity of AKI
AKI diagnosed during the 48h following diagnosis of infection
29 Participants18 Participants11 Participants
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Presentation
Stage 2 AKI
45 Participants25 Participants20 Participants
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Presentation
Stage 3 AKI
13 Participants5 Participants8 Participants
Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) Score16.7 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.2
16.4 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.9
17.1 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.5
Age, Continuous61.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14
61.8 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.6
61.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.6
Body Mass Index (BMI)31.4 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.9
32.3 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.2
30.5 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.9
Comorbidities
Alcohol Abuse
3 Participants2 Participants1 Participants
Comorbidities
Cardiovascular Disease
13 Participants6 Participants7 Participants
Comorbidities
Diabetes
17 Participants6 Participants11 Participants
Comorbidities
Smoker
6 Participants5 Participants1 Participants
Disease Category
Abdominal Infection
56 Participants29 Participants27 Participants
Disease Category
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection (NSTI)
2 Participants1 Participants1 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
2 Participants0 Participants2 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
52 Participants29 Participants23 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
4 Participants1 Participants3 Participants
Modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (mSOFA) Score5.1 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.8
5.4 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.1
4.9 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.3
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
5 Participants4 Participants1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
8 Participants4 Participants4 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
45 Participants22 Participants23 Participants
Sepsis Presentation
Cardiovascular Organ Failure
29 Participants17 Participants12 Participants
Sepsis Presentation
Respiratory Organ Failure
5 Participants3 Participants2 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
31 Participants15 Participants16 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
27 Participants15 Participants12 Participants

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
5 / 286 / 30
other
Total, other adverse events
7 / 288 / 30
serious
Total, serious adverse events
12 / 2813 / 30

Outcome results

Primary

Adverse Events (AEs)

The number of patients experiencing at least one AE.

Time frame: 28 Days

Population: This analysis population (As Treated/Safety Analysis Set) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo), with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received.

ArmMeasureValue (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgAdverse Events (AEs)15 Participants
PlaceboAdverse Events (AEs)24 Participants
Primary

Freedom From Durable Loss of Renal Function at Day 28

Freedom from durable loss of renal function at Day 28 required all of the following 3 components: alive at Day 28, free of dialysis at Day 28, and less than 37% loss of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at Day 28 from patient reference eGFR (measured by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease \[MDRD\] formula).

Time frame: 28 Days

Population: This analysis population (modified intent-to-treat \[mITT\]) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo) and who had a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or confirmed necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) and Stage 2 or Stage 3 AKI, with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received.

ArmMeasureValue (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgFreedom From Durable Loss of Renal Function at Day 2820 Participants
PlaceboFreedom From Durable Loss of Renal Function at Day 2823 Participants
p-value: 0.649Chi-squared
Primary

Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)

Number of patients experiencing at least one SAE

Time frame: 28 Days

Population: This analysis population (As Treated/Safety Analysis Set) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo), with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received.

ArmMeasureValue (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgSerious Adverse Events (SAEs)12 Participants
PlaceboSerious Adverse Events (SAEs)13 Participants
Secondary

Cumulative Number of Deaths

The number of deaths occurring through Day 90

Time frame: 90 Days

Population: This analysis population (modified intent-to-treat \[mITT\]) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo) and who had a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or confirmed NSTI and Stage 2 or Stage 3 AKI, with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received.

ArmMeasureValue (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgCumulative Number of Deaths5 Participants
PlaceboCumulative Number of Deaths6 Participants
Secondary

Freedom From Durable Loss of Renal Function at Day 14

Freedom from durable loss of renal function at Day 14 required all of the following 3 components: alive at Day 14, free of dialysis at Day 14, and less than 37% loss of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at Day 14 from patient reference eGFR (measured by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease \[MDRD\] formula).

Time frame: 14 Days

Population: This analysis population (modified intent-to-treat \[mITT\]) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo) and who had a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or confirmed NSTI and Stage 2 or Stage 3 AKI, with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received.

ArmMeasureValue (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgFreedom From Durable Loss of Renal Function at Day 1420 Participants
PlaceboFreedom From Durable Loss of Renal Function at Day 1422 Participants
p-value: 0.871Chi-squared
Secondary

Hospital Days

Hospital days refers to the number of days a patient spent time in the hospital.

Time frame: 90 Days

Population: This analysis population (modified intent-to-treat \[mITT\]) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo) and who had a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or confirmed NSTI and Stage 2 or Stage 3 AKI, with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgHospital Days9.0 days
PlaceboHospital Days13.0 days
p-value: 0.227Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Secondary

Hospital Days by Day 14 mSOFA Category

The number of days a patient was in the hospital.

Time frame: 90 Days

Population: This analysis population (modified intent-to-treat \[mITT\]) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo) and who had a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or confirmed NSTI and Stage 2 or Stage 3 AKI, with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received. Only patients with available mSOFA data are included in the analysis.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgHospital Days by Day 14 mSOFA Category13.0 days
PlaceboHospital Days by Day 14 mSOFA Category23.5 days
p-value: 0.007Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Secondary

Hospital Discharge Location by Day 14 mSOFA Category

Number of patients with more favorable discharge location (home or rehabilitation facility) or less favorable discharge location (skilled nursing facility, another acute care facility, death, other) among patients alive at Day 14.

Time frame: 90 Days

Population: This analysis population (modified intent-to-treat \[mITT\]) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo) and who had a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or confirmed NSTI and Stage 2 or Stage 3 AKI, with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received. Only patients alive at Day 14 with available data are included in the analysis.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgHospital Discharge Location by Day 14 mSOFA CategoryMore Favorable Discharge Location28 Participants
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgHospital Discharge Location by Day 14 mSOFA CategoryLess Favorable Discharge Location10 Participants
PlaceboHospital Discharge Location by Day 14 mSOFA CategoryMore Favorable Discharge Location4 Participants
PlaceboHospital Discharge Location by Day 14 mSOFA CategoryLess Favorable Discharge Location8 Participants
Secondary

ICU-free Days by Day 14 Modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (mSOFA) Category

The number of days a patient did not spend in the ICU through Day 28, by mSOFA category (mSOFA total score of 1 or less; mSOFA total score of 2 or more). Modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (mSOFA) total scores range from 0 to 20, with higher scores reflecting a worse clinical status or outcome. An mSOFA total score of 0 or 1 reflects resolution of organ dysfunction/failure.

Time frame: 28 Days

Population: This analysis population (modified intent-to-treat \[mITT\]) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo) and who had a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or confirmed NSTI and Stage 2 or Stage 3 AKI, with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received. Only patients with available mSOFA data are included in the analysis.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgICU-free Days by Day 14 Modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (mSOFA) Category24.0 days
PlaceboICU-free Days by Day 14 Modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (mSOFA) Category4.0 days
p-value: <0.001Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Secondary

Intensive Care Unit (ICU)-Free Days

ICU-free days refers to the number of days a patient did not spend time in the ICU through Day 28.

Time frame: 28 Days

Population: This analysis population (modified intent-to-treat \[mITT\]) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo) and who had a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or confirmed NSTI and Stage 2 or Stage 3 AKI, with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgIntensive Care Unit (ICU)-Free Days24.0 days
PlaceboIntensive Care Unit (ICU)-Free Days21.0 days
p-value: 0.42Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Secondary

Secondary Infections

Number of patients experiencing at least one secondary infection

Time frame: 28 Days

Population: This analysis population (As Treated/Safety Analysis Set) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo), with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received.

ArmMeasureValue (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgSecondary Infections4 Participants
PlaceboSecondary Infections10 Participants
Secondary

Vasopressor-free Days

Vasopressor-free days refers to the number of days a patient did not receive a vasopressor through Day 28.

Time frame: 28 Days

Population: This analysis population (modified intent-to-treat \[mITT\]) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo) and who had a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or confirmed NSTI and Stage 2 or Stage 3 AKI, with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgVasopressor-free Days27.5 days
PlaceboVasopressor-free Days26.5 days
p-value: 0.579Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Secondary

Vasopressor-free Days by Day 14 mSOFA Category

The number of days a patient was not receiving a vasopressor through Day 28, by mSOFA category

Time frame: 28 Days

Population: This analysis population (modified intent-to-treat \[mITT\]) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo) and who had a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or confirmed NSTI and Stage 2 or Stage 3 AKI, with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received. Only patients with available mSOFA data are included in the analysis.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgVasopressor-free Days by Day 14 mSOFA Category28.0 days
PlaceboVasopressor-free Days by Day 14 mSOFA Category18.0 days
p-value: <0.001Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Secondary

Ventilator-free Days

Ventilator-free days refers to the number of days a patient was not on a ventilator through Day 28.

Time frame: 28 Days

Population: This analysis population (modified intent-to-treat \[mITT\]) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo) and who had a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or confirmed NSTI and Stage 2 or Stage 3 AKI, with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgVentilator-free Days26.5 days
PlaceboVentilator-free Days26.0 days
p-value: 0.448Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Secondary

Ventilator-free Days by Day 14 mSOFA Category

The number of days a patient was not on a ventilator through Day 28, by mSOFA category

Time frame: 28 Days

Population: This analysis population (modified intent-to-treat \[mITT\]) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo) and who had a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or confirmed NSTI and Stage 2 or Stage 3 AKI, with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received. Only patients with available mSOFA data are included in the analysis.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgVentilator-free Days by Day 14 mSOFA Category27.0 days
PlaceboVentilator-free Days by Day 14 mSOFA Category17.0 days
p-value: 0.002Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Other Pre-specified

Cumulative Mortality by Day 14 mSOFA Category

Percentage of patients who died through Day 90 using life table analysis

Time frame: 90 Days

Population: This analysis population (modified intent-to-treat \[mITT\]) included all randomized patients who were exposed to study drug (reltecimod or placebo) and who had a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of abdominal sepsis or confirmed NSTI and Stage 2 or Stage 3 AKI, with patients analyzed according to the treatment actually received. Only patients with a screening mSOFA \>= 3 are included in the analysis.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
Reltecimod 0.5 mg/kgCumulative Mortality by Day 14 mSOFA Category0 percentage of patients
PlaceboCumulative Mortality by Day 14 mSOFA Category31.4 percentage of patients

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026