Aging, Hypertension, Obesity
Conditions
Keywords
Hemodynamics, Aquatic exercise, Elderly
Brief summary
This is a randomized controlled trial. The present study involves an acute and chronic intervention, which is a water-based exercise (one session: to acute intervention; 12-weeks of aquatic exercise program: to chronic intervention). The sample will be composed by elderly enrolled in university extension program titled Hidroginastica na Terceira Idade (Hydrogymnastics in aging). It will be evaluated the effects of water-based exercise on hemodynamics, self-reported sleep quality, depressive symptoms, quality of life, body composition, level of physical activity and functional capacity. The investigators hypothesized that an acute water-based exercise under different intensities promotes hemodynamics changes in elderly. In addition, the investigators hypothesized that 12-weeks of aquatic exercise may lead improvements in self-reported sleep quality, depressive symptoms, quality of life, body composition, level of physical activity and functional capacity in elderly.
Interventions
OTHERLICE
No specific exercise will be performed. The participant will walk into the pool accompanied with a researcher for 45 minutes.
OTHERMICE
The following exercises will be carried out: a) jumping jacks (shoulder abduction and adduction); b) horizontal adduction and abduction of the shoulder; c) stationary running with knee elevation; d) pull and push horizontally with upper limbs; e) pull and push vertically with upper limbs. Note: For exercises 'a' and 'b', the legs alternated in movements in the sagittal plane to provide greater stability to the participant's movement. For exercises 'd' and 'e', the legs simulates a stationary running.
OTHERHIIE
The following exercises will be carried out: a) jumping jacks (shoulder abduction and adduction); b) horizontal adduction and abduction of the shoulder; c) stationary running with knee elevation; d) pull and push horizontally with upper limbs; e) pull and push vertically with upper limbs. Note: For exercises 'a' and 'b', the legs alternated in movements in the sagittal plane to provide greater stability to the participant's movement. For exercises 'd' and 'e', the legs simulates a stationary running.
OTHERAquatic exercise training
The sessions of the aquatic exercise training will be divided into 3 phases: warm-up (10 minutes), main part (40 minutes) and cool down. In order to increase intensity to aquatic exercise, the training program will carried out as follows: From week 1 to 4 the instructors will use a 128 bpm musics in both warm-up and cool down. In main part, will be used a 130 bmp musics. From week 5 to 8 the instructors will use a 130 bpm musics in both warm-up and cool down. In main part, will be used a 132 bmp musics. From week 9 to 12 the instructors will use a 132 bpm musics in both warm-up and cool down. In main part, will be used a 135 bmp musics.
Sponsors
University Center of Joao Pessoa - UNIPE
Federal University of Paraíba
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Masking description
To acute session, the participant will not be informed about what aquatic exercise session (light-, moderate-, high-intensity or control) intensity will be performed.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
60 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Elderly (60 years and over) * Able to practice physical exercise in water * Able to answer all questionnaires * Non-smoker
Exclusion criteria
* Morbid obese * Those who not complete all data collection procedures
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Blood pressure | Entire day (an average of 24 hours). | The blood pressure will be measured by a Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM). |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Self-reported sleep quality | Approximately 15 minutes | Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index |
| Depressive symptoms (Mental disorders) | Approximately 5 minutes | Geriatric depressive symptoms (GDS-15) is a validated questionnaire which will be used in order to evaluate depressive symptoms in elderly. |
| Self-reported quality of life | Approximately 15 minutes | Quality of life will be assessed by the WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire and it consists of 24 items on the likert scale attributed to 6 facets: 1) Sensory functioning, 2) Autonomy, 3) Past, present and future activities, 4) Social participation, 5) Death and dying, and 6) Intimacy. Each facet is composed of 4 items, so for each facet the score can range from 4 to 20. For this evaluation, the higher the score, the higher the quality of life. |
| Level of physical activity (BAECKE modified to elderly) | Approximately 5 minutes | The Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire originated in 1982 by Baecke and colleagues (BAECKE; BUREMA, FRIJTERS, 1982) and was adapted for the elderly and validated later (VORORRIPS et al., 1991) and recently translated into Portuguese (SIMÕES, 2009). It is applied in the form of an interview, and has as reference the last 12 months being divided into 3 sections (1 - Domestic physical activities, 2 - Sporting activities and 3 - Activities in free time). From the scores attributed to each response provided by the elderly, scores equivalent to each section cited above are established. It is suggested that 3 cutoff points be created for the classification of the elderly regarding the level of physical activity (low, moderate and high) based on terciles. |
| Functional Capacity | Approximately 35 minutes | AAPHERD test battery |
Countries
Brazil
Outcome results
None listed