Opioid Dependence, Opioid Intoxication, Substance Use Disorders
Conditions
Brief summary
The study tests a structured referral process for opioid overdose survivors, from pre-hospital emergency care to long-term treatment of the individual's substance use-related disorder.
Detailed description
Randomized controlled trial. Subjects are included if they are being treated by an ambulance in the Malmö uptake are for an opioid overdose requiring naloxone antidote administration, and if they sign informed written consent to the study. Subjects are randomized by ambulance staff to either an active intervention, or a control condition: Intervention: A telephone alert signal is sent from ambulance staff after successful naloxone reversal of an opioid overdose, leading to an active outreach effort from the staff of the addiction research facility, where staff locate the individual and offer her/him formal inclusion in the study. Control: No telephone alert signal is sent, and the active outreach procedure is not carried out. Ambulance staff hand over written information to the individual about how she/he can apply actively for treatment. Primary outcome is entry into formal assessment and treatment of the substance use disorder.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALActive treatment referral of opioid overdose survivors to long-term treatment
Telephone alert and outreach for inclusion, assessment and intake into long-term evidence-based treatment of the substance use disorder.
BEHAVIORALControl
Written information from ambulance staff to the patient about how to seek treatment. Patient is able to contact the research treatment facility through a specific phone number, making it possible to study treatment entry in the information-only control condition.
Sponsors
Anders C Håkansson
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* survivor of opioid overdose requiring antidote naloxone administration by ambulance staff, and provision of written informed consent
Exclusion criteria
* patients unable to understand study information and to provide informed consent
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment entry | Two weeks | Entry into formal assessment for evidence-based treatment of opioid use disorder |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment outcome (self-report) | 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months | Drug-free status in treatment, described through self-report (AUDIT, DUDIT) |
| Treatment outcome (hair analysis) | 3 months | Drug-free status in treatment, as documented by hair analysis |
| Treatment retention | 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months | Retention in opioid maintenance treatment or other relevant evidence-based treatment for the substance-related condition, as measured in treatment records, and including the analysis of predictors of retention |
| Treatment outcome (urinalysis) | 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months | Drug-free status in treatment, as documented from hospital records of drug-free urines |
| Treatment outcome (quality of life) | 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months | Self-report, EQ-5D (European Quality of life - 5 Dimensions) and visual analogue scale |
Countries
Sweden
Outcome results
None listed