Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Conditions
Keywords
aerobic exercise, dynamic balance, functional capacity, HbA1c, proprioceptive exercise training
Brief summary
The aim of the study is to investigate proprioceptive exercises training combined with aerobic exercises and resistive exercises training combined with aerobic exercises on dynamic balance and superficial sense. The patients were randomly divided into Proprioceptive Exercise Training Group (PG) (n=15) and Resistive Exercise Training Group (RG) (n=15). All subjects were included exercise education program and both groups had trained aerobic exercise program for walking on treadmill (2times/wk. 6 week duration).
Detailed description
The aim of the study is to investigate proprioceptive exercises training combined with aerobic exercises and resistive exercises training combined with aerobic exercises on dynamic balance and superficial sense. The study included 30 volunteers with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM) who were referred to Fitness Center Arif Nihat Asya Kültür Merkezi Istanbul, Turkey by a medical doctor between December 2016- March 2017 and got diagnosed and followed up at least 6 month before. Glycemic control of all the participants were assessed according to fasting blood glucose and glycolated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Waist and hip circumference was recorded in centimeters. Six minute walking test (6MWT) was used to determine functional capacity of participants. We evaluated the dynamic balance of patients by Prokin PK200, Italy. Five parameters were obtained from Prokin as; Perimeter Length (PL), Area gap percentade (AGP) Medium Speed (MS), Anteroposterior equilibrium (AP) and Mediolateral equilibrium (ML). Proprioception assessment was done with angle reproduction test in direction of dorsiflexion and plantar flexion and deviations were recorded. Superficial sense was assessed with two point discrimination test and vibration threshold was evaluated by biothesiometer. Lower extremity muscles strength were assessed with handheld dynamometer (PowerTrack II commander, JTech Medical, Midvale, UT). The patients were randomly divided into Proprioceptive Exercise Training Group (PG) and Resistive Exercise Training Group (RG). All subjects were included exercise education program and both groups had trained aerobic exercise program for walking on treadmill (2times/wk. 6 week duration). The proprioceptive exercise program was applied in PG and the resistive exercise program was applied in RG twice a week and for duration 6 week.
Interventions
PROCEDUREProprioceptive Exercises
Patients trained for proprioceptive exercises
PROCEDUREResistive Exercises
Patients trained for resistive exercises
PROCEDUREAerobic Exercise
Patients were educated with treadmill walking for 30 minutes of each exercise session
Sponsors
Yeditepe University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
The sample of study consists of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) got diagnosed at least 6 months and who referred to Fitness Center in Pendik Arif Nihat Asya Kültür Merkezi Istanbul Turkey by a medical doctor between December 2016- March 2017. The study included in 30 patients (24F, 6M) with T2DM. The patients who met inclusion criteria are divided into two groups
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
30 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Participating to the study in a voluntary basis * Patients with 30-60 years old * Getting diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) at least 6 months.
Exclusion criteria
* Unstable cardiac condition * Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus * Uncontrolled Hypertension * Symptomatic Heart Failure, unstable angina * Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease * Diabetic foot ulcers * Part/total foot amputation * Myocardial infarction within 3 months prior to study * Coronary Artery Bypass within 3 months prior to study * Cerebrovascular ischemia/stroke (including TIA) within 3 months of study * Severe retinopathy, nephropathy * Thyroid Dysfunctions (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in HbA1c level | 6 weeks | It was evaluated for metabolic control with patient's routine controls in their clinics follow-up. At the end of the study, this metabolic variable was evaluated again in order to observe changes |
| Waist and Hip Circumferences | 6 weeks | It represents risks for cardiovascular diseases. |
| Six minute walking test | 6 weeks | Functional capacity of the patients was evaluated through 6 minute walking test |
| Dynamic balance assessment | 6 weeks | Prokin PK 200 was used for dynamic balance assessment |
| Vibration Perception Threshold Assessment | 6 weeks | Biothesiometer was used for determining vibration perception threshold |
| Lower Extremity Muscle Strength | 6 weeks | Commander myometer was used for muscle strength assessment |
| Proprioception Assesment | 6 weeks | Angle reproduction test was used |
| Two Point Discrimination Test | 6 weeks | aesthesiometer was used to determine two point discrimination sensation |
| Change in fasting blood glucose level | 6 weeks | It was evaluated for metabolic control with patient's routine controls in their clinics follow-up. At the end of the study, this metabolic variable was evaluated again in order to observe changes |
Outcome results
None listed