Sugar Sweetened Beverage Intakes in US Children
Conditions
Brief summary
The study uses data from the NHANES surveys to evaluate trends in SSB intakes among US children. The goal was to determine whether recent declines in intake may have been less marked in the more vulnerable groups with a persistently high burden of obesity, including race/ethnic minorities and low-income groups.
Detailed description
Recent studies suggest sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption has been declining among US children 2-18y. However, most studies focus on changes in mean intake and little is known about trends in the high SSB consumers who are most at risk of excess weight gain. There is also limited understanding of whether and how these changes over time may have influenced disparities in intake among vulnerable groups of children with persistently high levels of obesity, including children from low-income households, and several race-/ethnic minorities. This analysis of six cycles of US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dietary surveillance data from 2003-2014 examined shifts over time in SSB intake at both the median and 90th percentile among US children. The study evaluated the extent to which disparities in intake of total SSBs, as well as major SSB subtypes (regular sodas, fruit drinks and other), may have persisted in vulnerable groups, for both median and heavy intake. The analysis presents data for three age groups: 2-5y, 6-11y and 12-18y by gender, and focus on three race-ethnic groups: Non-Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic Black, and Mexican-American. Household income is used as the primary socioeconomic status variable.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
University of Pittsburgh
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
OTHER
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
2 Years to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* All U.S. children aged 2-18y in US NHANES diet surveys from 2003-2014
Exclusion criteria
* missing socio-economic data: parental education or household income as a percentage of the Federal Poverty Level; n=1841 * missing or implausible dietary data, defined as: energy intake of zero kcal or more than four standard deviations beyond individual estimated energy requirements, or no report on whether data represents usual intake (more, same or less than usual); n=236
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Sugar Sweetened Beverage Intake in Children | 2003-2014 | All non-alcoholic, non-diet beverages sweetened with sugars of any type, either as purchased or added after purchase |
Outcome results
None listed