Lymphatic Filariases
Conditions
Keywords
Mass drug administration, Effectiveness
Brief summary
This study will assess the impact of 2-drug (DA) or 3-drug (IDA) regimens on lymphatic filariasis infection parameters in communities. Parameters measured will include: circulating filarial antigenemia (CFA) assessed with the Filariasis Test Strip (FTS), antifilarial antibodies tested with plasma and microfilaremia (assessed by night blood smears and microscopy).
Detailed description
Results from clinical trials in Papua New Guinea and Cote d'Ivoire have shown that a single dose of three drugs (ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine, and albendazole \[IDA\]) was superior to standard two drug therapy (diethylcarbamazine and albendazole \[DA\]) in clearing W. bancrofti microfilaremia (MF) (King et al. unpublished data).1 Recently, large safety studies that treated more than 23,000 participants across four countries were conducted to determine if IDA was safe for use in mass drug administration (MDA) (DOLF Project, unpublished data). Currently, there is no information about what community indicators of infection look like following shorter IDA programs. It is possible that current WHO guidelines for stopping MDA need to be modified for MDA programs that use IDA. Observing the levels of infection indicators in a community following treatment with IDA will provide important information to the GPELF if IDA is recommended for use in MDA programs. There is an opportunity to study communities that were treated with IDA during the Community Based Safety Study of 2-drug (Diethylcarbamazine and Albendazole) versus 3-drug (Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine and Albendazole) Therapy for Lymphatic Filariasis. Communities in this study were randomly assigned to receive IDA or DA treatment. A large percentage of individuals in these communities participated in the study thereby approximating a mass distribution of the treatments. By surveying these communities 12 months following their initial treatment the investigators will be able to better understand and compare the impact of MDA with IDA or DA on LF infection parameters at the level of communities.
Interventions
DRUG2 drug dose - DA
Lymphatic Filariasis Mass Drug Administration (MDA) with the currently used standard of care combination drug therapy of diethylcarbamazine and albendazole (DA)
Lymphatic Filariasis Mass Drug Administration (MDA) with triple drug therapy of ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine, and albendazole (IDA)
Sponsors
Case Western Reserve University
Ministere de la Sante Publique et de la Population, Haiti
Indonesia University
Papua New Guinea Institute for Medical Research
Washington University School of Medicine
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
5 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Age ≥ 5 years (males and females) * Able to provide informed consent, or parental/guardian consent for young children, and assent for older children
Exclusion criteria
* Unable or unwilling to provide informed consent or (for minors) lacking parental/guardian consent to participate in the study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of participants with circulating filarial antigenemia (CFA) as measured by the Filaria Test Strip | One sample collected about 12 months after exposure to treatment | To assess the impact of DA vs. IDA mass drug administration in community settings participants will be tested using the filaria test strip (FTS) which detects circulating filarial antigen. |
| Number of participants with IgG4 antifilarial antibodies in plasma | One sample collected about 12 months after exposure to treatment | To assess the impact of DA vs. IDA mass drug administration in community settings participant's dried blood spot specimens will be tested using a commercially available antibody test. |
| Number of participants with microfilaremia as measured with night blood smear testing | One sample collected about 12 months after exposure to treatment | To assess the impact of DA vs. IDA mass drug administration in community settings participants with positive FTS will be tested for presence of microfilaria detected by thick blood smear using 60 microliters (ul) from finger prick blood collected at night. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Community prevalence of microfilaremia as measured with night blood smear | One comparison about 12 months after exposure to treatment | Community prevalence of microfilaremia will be compared between the two cohorts to identify any difference of the impact of mass drug administration with IDA or DA |
| Community prevalence of circulating filarial antigen as measured with filarial test strip | One comparison about 12 months after exposure to treatment | Community prevalence of circulating filarial antigen will be compared between the two cohorts to identify any difference of the impact of mass drug administration with IDA or DA |
| Prevalence of STH (hookworm, ascaris, trichuris and strongyloides) as measured by Kato-katz or PCR | One comparison about 12 months after exposure to treatment | Some sites will include stool sample collections to compare the impact of MDA with IDA or DA on soil transmitted helminth (STH) infection parameters in communities. Stool samples will be analyzed using Kath-katz method, as well as PCR. |
Countries
Fiji, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea
Outcome results
None listed