Cardiovascular Diseases in Old Age
Conditions
Brief summary
The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of air filtration at reducing personal-level exposures to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and mitigating related cardiovascular (CV) health effects among older adults in a residential facility in a representative US urban location. We enrolled 40 nonsmoking older adults into a randomized double-blind crossover intervention study with daily CV health outcomes and PM2.5 exposure measurements. The study was conducted in a low-income senior living apartment building in downtown Detroit, Michigan. Participants were exposed to three 3-day scenarios separated by one-week washout periods: unfiltered ambient air (control), low-efficiency (LE) HEPA-type, and high-efficiency (HE) true-HEPA filtered air using air filtration systems in the bedroom and main living space of each residence. The primary outcome was brachial blood pressure (BP). Secondary outcomes included noninvasive aortic hemodynamics and pulse wave velocity and heart rate variability. PM2.5 exposures were measured in the participants' residences as well as by personal-level monitoring.
Interventions
DEVICELow efficiency air filtration systems
Subjects were exposed to low-efficiency filtered air.
DEVICEHigh efficiency air filtration systems
Subjects were exposed to high-efficiency filtered air.
DEVICEAir filtration systems without filters (sham)
Subjects were exposed to unfiltered air.
Sponsors
University of Michigan
Michigan State University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
50 Years to 85 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* 50 to 85 years old * non-smoking healthy adults
Exclusion criteria
* smoke or anyone in your residence smokes. * had a cardiovascular event within the past 6 months (such as myocardial infarction (heart attack), angina, cardiac or carotid surgery or stent, diagnosed peripheral arterial disease, aortic aneurysms, treated heart failure, any treated arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation) * have renal disease requiring dialysis. * have had medication changes in the past 6 weeks. * use supplementary oxygen.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| brachial blood pressure | at the same time between 8-10 AM on 3 consecutive days starting 24 hours after filter system placement | Brachial blood pressure was measured using a BPTru device. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| noninvasive aortic hemodynamics | at the same time between 8-10 AM on 3 consecutive days starting 24 hours after filter system placement | Aortic hemodynamics was measured using a SphygmoCor device. |
| Pulse wave velocity | at the same time between 8-10 AM on 3 consecutive days starting 24 hours after filter system placement | Pulse wave velocity was measured using a SphygmoCor device. |
| heart rate variability | at the same time between 8-10 AM on 3 consecutive days starting 24 hours after filter system placement | Heart rate variability was measured using a SphygmoCor device. |
| microvasculature tone | at the same time between 8-10 AM on 3 consecutive days starting 24 hours after filter system placement | Retinal photography was used to measure retinal arteriole diameters. |
Outcome results
None listed