Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Conditions
Keywords
Colorectal Surgery, Immunonutrition, Complications, Microbiome, Preoperative nutrition
Brief summary
The central focus of this trial is to understand the effectiveness of Preoperative Immunonutrition (PINT) in improving surgical outcomes for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We hypothesize that PINT will reduce post-operative complications in IBD patients undergoing elective surgery with added improvements in length-of-stay (LOS), quality of life (QOL) and patient satisfaction. As a secondary focus, the investigator will aim to better understand the potential mechanism-of-action by which PINT may have its effects through analyses of biomarkers including inflammatory markers, nutritional proteins and the fecal microbiome.
Detailed description
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's and Ulcerative Colitis, is a chronic and costly disease of unknown etiology that now affects over 3.1 million people in the United States. Patients with IBD suffer from lifelong malnutrition, pain and bleeding with added risks of cancers, obstructions and fistulas. There is no known cure and the incidence continues to grow. While treatments are usually medical IBD patients will undergo at least one major surgery during their lifetime. Patients also have particularly poor surgical outcomes with high rates of post-operative complications. In an attempt to improve the risk profile of patients and decrease complications, preoperative total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has been used to optimize IBD patients for surgery. While this approach has been successful the cost and morbidities of TPN prohibit its generalized application. Practical strategies that improve surgical outcomes for IBD patients are urgently needed. Improving nutritional deficiencies before an operation may be a practical way to improve post-operative outcomes. The oral administration of preoperative immunonutrition, is an alternative method to improve nutritional states and may have utility in IBD patients who have particularly severe nutritional deficiencies because of disease-specific issues in malabsorption, maldigestion and loss of appetite.
Interventions
DRUGNestle IMPACT Immunonutrition
Along with standard of care nutritional therapy patients (n=146) will be asked to consume 3 cartons/day for 14 days of Nestle IMPACT Advanced Recovery Immunonutrition.
OTHERArm B- Standard of Care
No intervention standard of care nutrition (n=146).
Sponsors
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
19 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* ≥19 years of age * All races and all genders * Confirmed diagnosis and history of IBD * ESPEN Nutritional Risk Scores \>=3 and the ESPEN Disease Severity sub-score \< 3 * Scheduled for elective surgery via any transabdominal operative approach (i.e. laparoscopic, hand-assisted, robotic, open) with a planned postoperative inpatient stay of at least one night
Exclusion criteria
* Failure to meet eligibility criteria * Patients requiring emergency surgical intervention * Patients with an American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status of IV or V * Patients requiring hemodialysis * Patients with history of myocardial infarction within 6 months * Patients with a history of asthma * Patients with cirrhosis or a history of liver disease * Patients with a present history of dysphagia, pyloric stenosis and esophageal strictures * Patients unable to consume liquids orally * Patients allergic or with hypersensitivity reactions to any of the components of the Nestlé IMPACT-Advanced Recovery immunonutritional supplement * Patients with a history of galactosemia, the inability to metabolize the sugar galactose appropriately * Patients with bowel obstructions * Patients with history of HIV or of solid-organ transplant * Patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The occurrence of any postoperative complications after surgery | Baseline (day of surgery) to 2 weeks (after surgery) | Routine postoperative follow-up for all patients will occur at 2 weeks post discharge. Any serious adverse events or adverse events will be ascertained at the 2 week follow up visit. Complication rates will be divided into major and minor postoperative complications and will be defined as any deviation from the normal postoperative recovery process. Complications will be assessed using the Clavien-Dindo classification in minor and major. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Detection of the differences in the markers of inflammation Interleukin 6 (IL-6) | Baseline (preoperative visit) | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) will be performed to assess whole blood, plasma and serum samples for circulating inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6). |
| Detection of the differences in the markers of inflammation tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) | Baseline (preoperative visit) | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) will be performed to assess whole blood, plasma and serum samples for circulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). |
| Detection of the differences in the markers of inflammation CRP | Baseline (preoperative visit) | Immunoassays will be performed with high sensitivity nephelometry to measure CRP levels. |
| Detection of the differences in the markers of inflammation nutritional status albumin | Baseline (preoperative visit) | Comprehensive metabolic panels will be ordered to assess levels of serum albumin |
| Detection of the differences in the markers of inflammation pre-albumin | Baseline (preoperative visit) | Comprehensive metabolic panels will be ordered to assess levels of serum pre-albumin |
| Detection of the differences in the markers of inflammation interleukin-1-β (IL-1β) | Baseline (preoperative visit) | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) will be performed to assess whole blood, plasma and serum samples for circulating inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1-β (IL-1β. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Patient Satisfaction (S-CAHPS) | Baseline (Preoperative) | Will be captured preoperatively with the S-CAHPS. Participants will be asked to complete the Surgical-Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (S-CAHPS) Survey. The S-CAHPS Surgical Care Survey was developed in 2009 through collaboration of the CAHPS consortium, American College of Surgeons (ACS), the Surgical Quality Alliance (SQA), the American Urological Association (AUA), 11 other surgical subspecialty groups and endorsed by the National Quality Forum (NQF) in 2012. The S-CAHPS is a 47 question survey that addresses patients' preoperative and postoperative experience with surgical care. The CAHPS Surgical Care Survey generates a global rating item, which uses a scale of 0 to 10 to measure respondents' assessments of their surgeon and composite measures (also known as reporting composites), which combine results for closely-related items that have been grouped together. |
| Detection of differences in fecal microbiome | Baseline (Preoperative) | For fecal microbiome analyses, stool will be processed for 16S rRNA sequencing. DNA will be extracted from stool samples using the Fecal DNA Isolation Kit (Zymo Research, Irvine, CA) and processed with PCR amplification on the MiSeq. QIIME and UniFrac will be used to generate a comparative profile of microbial composition. QIIME will be used to assess taxa, alpha and beta diversity. Composition of the microbiome will be compared using UniFrac, Mothur and Genboree to assess for differences between microbiome populations by principal components analysis. |
| Patient Quality of Life (QOL) | Baseline (preoperative visit) | At the time of the pre-operative visit, following enrollment in the study, participants will complete the Health Related Quality of Life Survey SF-12 questionnaire (HRQoL SF-12). The results of the Health Related Quality of Life Survey SF-12 questionnaire (HRQoL SF-12) will be analyzed and Physical and Mental Health Composite Scores (PCS & MCS) will be computed using the scores of the twelve questions ranging from 0 to 100, where a zero score indicates the lowest level of health measured by the scales and 100 indicates the highest level of health. |
| Length of hospital stay (LOS) | Baseline (Day of surgery) to day of discharge (approximately 2 to 30 days post surgery) | Length of stay will be captured through patient hospitalization files |
Outcome results
None listed