Drug Usage
Conditions
Keywords
pain, propofol, remifentanil
Brief summary
Elderly patients show different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variables and usually need smaller doses of anesthetic drugs than younger patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the optimal effect-site concentration of remifentanil for preventing injection pain during propofol induction in elderly patients by the Dixon's up-and-down method.
Interventions
DRUGRemifentanil
Remifentanil was infused at predetermined effect-site concentration prior to propofol infusion (initial concentration: 3.0 ng/ml) in elderly patients (65-80 years)
Sponsors
Ajou University School of Medicine
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
19 Years to 80 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* ASA physical status I or II undergoing general anesthesia
Exclusion criteria
* neurologic disorder * psychologic disorder * vascular disorder * patients with chronic pain * difficulty in vascular access
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Severity of propofol injection pain-4 point scale | during 3 min after remifentanil and propofol infusion to reach the equilibrium of plasma and effect-site concentration | 0 = no pain (negative response to questioning), 1. = mild pain (pain reported only in response to questioning without any behavioral signs), 2. = moderate pain (pain reported in response to questioning and accompanied by a behavioral signs or pain reported spontane¬ously without questioning), 3. = severe pain (vocal response accompanied by facial grimacing, arm withdrawal, or tears) |
Countries
South Korea
Outcome results
None listed