Anatomy, Temporal Region Trauma
Conditions
Keywords
Deep temporal fascia, Deep layer of the deep temporal fascia, Superficial layer of the deep temporal fascia, Temporal fascial layers, Temporal anatomy
Brief summary
It has been widely accepted that a split of the deep temporal fascia occurs approximately 2 to 3 cm above the zygomatic arch, named the superficial and deep layers. The deep layer of the deep temporal fascia lies between superficial temporal fat pad and the temporal muscle. However, during the investigators' previous surgeries, the investigators did not find the deep layer of the deep temporal fascia between superficial temporal fat pad and the temporal muscle. This study was conducted to clarify the presence or absence of the deep layer of the deep temporal fascia. And the investigators' clinical study has confirmed the absence of the deep layer of the deep temporal fascia between superficial temporal fat pad and the temporal muscle.
Detailed description
The anatomic layers of soft tissues of the temporal region, with regard to the deep temporalis fascia, was investigated in 169 cases operated upon with zygomaticofacial or craniofacial fractures using the supratemporalis approach from June 2013 to June 2017. Among 167 surgeries, this so-called deep layer of the deep temporalis fascia was not observed. In fact, the superficial temporal fat pad is closely attached to temporal muscle above the zygomatic arch.
Interventions
PROCEDUREThe supratemporalis approach
The incision differs according to specific fracture sites. It can be a hockey stick-shaped incision, hemicoronal incision, and full coronal incision. The first layer of dissection was just under the superficial temporalis fascia.Then, approximately at the level of 3-5cm above the zygomatic arch, our modified incision was carried through the deep temporalis fascia.Next, the superficial fat pad was encountered and retracted anteriorly, which was in close contact of the temporal muscle. Finally, a flap that included skin, subcutaneous tissue, the superficial temporal fascia, the areolar fat tissue, the deep temporalis fascia and the superficial temporal fat was reflected as a whole anteriorly, fully exposing the temporal muscle and zygomatic arch.
Sponsors
West China College of Stomatology
Study design
Observational model
CASE_ONLY
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
10 Years to 68 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
Clinical and imaging diagnosis of zygomaticofacial or craniofacial fractures A need to operate using the supratemporalis approach No previously surgical treatment
Exclusion criteria
unobvious displaced fracture disagree with the surgical treatment previous unsuccessful surgery at the temporal region
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| deep layer of the deep temporal fascia | during surgery | the investigators did not find the deep layer of the deep temporal fascia between superficial temporal fat pad and the temporal muscle |
Outcome results
None listed