Exercise
Conditions
Keywords
BDNF, interleukin-15, interleukin-8, resistin, SPPB
Brief summary
The aim of this study was to investigate the acute and chronic effect of elastic resistance exercise in elderly women living in a nursing home. The primary outcome was the functional performance and hand grip strength. The secondary outcomes were myokines and inflammatory markers analysis.
Detailed description
Evidence regarding the relationship between RT and systemic myokine responses, as well as inflammation and physical performance in elderly is limited. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of short-term progressive elastic resistance training on muscular strength and physical performance, as well as the acute and chronic response of myokines and inflammatory markers after resistance exercise in elderly women living in a nursing home. From January to February 2016, we invited 95 older women (≥ 65 years) living in nursing home in the south of Slovenia to participate in our study. The experimental design consisted of 1) baseline testing; 2) acute elastic resistance exercises with post-exercise and 2h post-exercise biochemical analysis; 3) a 3 months of supervised, progressive elastic resistance training program of moderate intensity; and 4) post-training testing. The quantification of biomarkers was done using the MAGPIX® system, magnetic bead-based multi-analyte panels and MILLIPLEX® Analyst 5.1 software (MAGPIX®, Merck Millipore) and a human premixed 4-plex kit (R&D System Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA), strictly following the manufacturer's instructions. Two-way mixed ANOVA model was used to test group × time interaction. Tukey's post hoc test was applied for statistically significant interaction. To test for significant differences between groups relating anthropometric and biochemical variables, we used a Student's t-test. All values are expressed as mean and standard deviation (SD). P values of \<0.05 is considered statistically significant. Bonferroni's correction for multiple testing will be performed by multiplying the P value with the number of tests where appropriate. Statistical analyses will be carried out using the SPSS program, version 21 (Chicago, IL).
Interventions
OTHERExercise
Exercise session consisted of general warm-up of 10 min, followed by 35-40 min of resistance exercises (chair squats, band seated: biceps curl, seated row, knee extension, leg press and hip abduction; standing behind the chair: knee flexion, and calf rise), and general cool down of 10 min.
OTHERTraining
Each training session consisted of general warm-up of 10 min, followed by 35-40 min of resistance exercises (chair squats, band seated: biceps curl, seated row, knee extension, leg press and hip abduction; standing behind the chair: knee flexion, and calf rise), and general cool down of 10 min.
OTHERControl group
The control group did not receive any treatment.
Sponsors
University of Primorska
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
65 Years to 99 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* nursing home residents * participants did not perform any regular resistance training
Exclusion criteria
* immobility * implantable cardiac peacemaker * severe dementia * terminal illness
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Functional performance | 1 week | A short battery of physical performance tests (SPPB) was used to assess baseline and post-training lower extremity function (0-12 point scale). |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Acute effect of resistance exercise | 4 hours | The acute effect of resistance exercise on plasma concentrations of myokines and inflammatory markers measured pre-, post- and 2h post-exercise. |
| Biochemical analysis of chronic effect of resistance training | 2 weeks | The chronic effect of resistance training on plasma concentrations of myokines and inflammatory markers measured at baseline and post-training. |
Outcome results
None listed