Alcohol Drinking
Conditions
Brief summary
Alcohol use and its consequences represent an important public health problem. As well as alcohol dependence, hazardous drinking also contributes to a high burden in terms of morbidity and mortality. To improve these patients' prognosis and decrease associated social and health care costs, it is necessary to increase early detection, intervention and treatment for these problems. For these reasons, SBIRT programmes (Screening Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment) have been developed, evaluated and shown to be effective, particularly in primary care and general practice. Nevertheless, effectiveness of SBIRT in emergency departments (ED) has not been clearly established. The investigators aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of an SBIRT programme in the ED of a tertiary hospital.
Detailed description
The investigators conducted a randomized controlled trial to study the feasibility and efficacy of an SBIRT programme for hazardous drinkers presenting in an ED. All patients older than 18 years old attending the emergency department were potentially eligible. Cognitively impaired or medically unstable patients were excluded. Patients seeking treatment for alcohol use were also excluded. Patients were randomized to two groups, with the control group receiving two leaflets - one regarding alcohol use, and the other giving information about the study protocol. The intervention group received the same leaflets as well as a brief motivational intervention on alcohol use; and, where appropriate, a referral to specialised treatment. The primary outcomes were the proportion of hazardous drinkers measured by AUDIT-C scale and the proportion of patients attending specialised treatment at 1.5 and 4.5 months and 1 year.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALBrief Intervention
Patient's received a brief intervention on alcohol use based on motivational techniques, and a referral to treatment when indicated.
Sponsors
Hospital Clinic of Barcelona
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* All patients aged 18 or older attending to the emergency department were potentially eligible patients * Patients with an AUDIT-C score higher than 6 points for men and 5 for woman were invited to participate
Exclusion criteria
* Cognitive impairment * Medically unstable * Patients explicitly demanding alcohol treatment
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Proportion of Risky Drinkers Measured by AUDIT-C | 6 weeks | We assessed participants with AUDIT-C (a tool to assess alcohol consumption). Main outcome 1 is the proportion of patients who score more than 6 i men and 5 in women in this scale. AUDIT-C is the short version of the AUDIT scale (Alcohol use disorders identification test). Consists of a three items scale ( frequency of alcohol consumption, amount of alcohol units per day of consumption and frequency of binge drinking), and ranges from 0 (abstinence) to 12 (very high alcohol use). The higher the score is, the more important the alcohol use is, and more risk of presenting an alcohol use disorder. |
| Proportion of Patients Attending to Specialized Treatment | 6 weeks | Proportion of patients that initate specialized treatment to reduce alcohol use |
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Intervention Patients received a brief intervention on alcohol use. This brief intervention was a little chat based on motivational techniques to enhance motivation to reduce alcohol use or to initiate treatment. Patients were referred to specialized treatment when indicated.
Brief Intervention: Patient's received a brief intervention on alcohol use based on motivational techniques, and a referral to treatment when indicated. | 99 |
| Control Informative leaflets regarding alcohol use | 101 |
| Total | 200 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Intervention | Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 41.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.2 | 44 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.1 | 42.81 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.8 |
| Alcohol related presenting condition | 12 Participants | 11 Participants | 23 Participants |
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected | — | — | 0 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 28 Participants | 28 Participants | 56 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 71 Participants | 73 Participants | 144 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 2 / 99 | 1 / 101 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 99 | 0 / 101 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 99 | 0 / 101 |
Outcome results
Primary
Proportion of Patients Attending to Specialized Treatment
Proportion of patients that initate specialized treatment to reduce alcohol use
Time frame: 6 weeks
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Proportion of Patients Attending to Specialized Treatment | 17 Participants |
| Control | Proportion of Patients Attending to Specialized Treatment | 8 Participants |
Primary
Proportion of Risky Drinkers Measured by AUDIT-C
We assessed participants with AUDIT-C (a tool to assess alcohol consumption). Main outcome 1 is the proportion of patients who score more than 6 i men and 5 in women in this scale. AUDIT-C is the short version of the AUDIT scale (Alcohol use disorders identification test). Consists of a three items scale ( frequency of alcohol consumption, amount of alcohol units per day of consumption and frequency of binge drinking), and ranges from 0 (abstinence) to 12 (very high alcohol use). The higher the score is, the more important the alcohol use is, and more risk of presenting an alcohol use disorder.
Time frame: 6 weeks
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Proportion of Risky Drinkers Measured by AUDIT-C | 20 Participants |
| Control | Proportion of Risky Drinkers Measured by AUDIT-C | 39 Participants |