Major Depression Mild, Major Depression Moderate, Major Depression Severe, Major Depressive Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Recurrent, Major Depressive Episode
Conditions
Brief summary
We hope to demonstrate that magnetic resonance spectroscopy can detect brain concentration levels of paroxetine (Paxil) or citalopram (Celexa) or escitalopram (Lexapro) in depressed patients.
Detailed description
The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate that it is feasible to image paroxetine (Paxil) or citalopram (Celexa) or escitalopram (Lexapro) brain concentrations using MRS technology in depressed patients. The longer-term goal is to determine the relationship between clinically administered doses of paroxetine (Paxil) or citalopram (Celexa) or escitalopram (Lexapro) (antidepressants), the amount of drug in the body via blood level, the concentrations of the drug achieved in brain measured via MRS, and genetics. It has been previously reported that individuals taking 20mg of paroxetine daily had brain paroxetine \[(Paxil) levels via MRS ranging from 2-13 micromolar. Similar or slightly higher ranges of brain drug concentrations have been reported for fluoxetine and fluvoxamine. Since not all depressed patients respond to medications, one reason may be the amount of medication that crosses the blood-brain barrier. This may be influenced by genetic information. We want to examine these issues on a larger scale, but first we need to demonstrate that we can indeed determine paroxetine \[(Paxil) or citalopram (Celexa) or escitalopram (Lexapro)\] levels via MRS. Intended results analysis could not be conducted because a reliably sensitive spectroscopic method could not be developed.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Stanford University
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Major depressive disorder: Inclusion Criteria: 1. DSM diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder 2. Taking paroxetine \[(Paxil) or citalopram (Celexa) or escitalopram (Lexapro)\]for at least 6 weeks 3. Between 21 - 75 years of age. 4. Taking a stable dose of paroxetine \[(Paxil) or citalopram (Celexa) or escitalopram (Lexapro)\] for at least the 2 weeks prior to the imaging session Healthy controls: 1. Between 21 - 75 years of age. 2. Have a 21-item HAM-D score of less than or equal to 5. 3. No current, or history of any Axis I disorder. Identify
Exclusion criteria
.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Measurement of paroxetine (Paxil), citalopram (Celexa) or escitalopram (Lexapro) brain concentrations. | Within 7 Days following MRS | Measurement of paroxetine (Paxil), citalopram (Celexa) or escitalopram (Lexapro) brain concentrations using MRS technology in depressed participants. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed