Adherence, Patient, Sport Injury
Conditions
Brief summary
This study evaluates the effects of two different injury prevention exercise programs on sports-relevant performance tests and neuromuscular function in youth football players. Half of participants will receive education on an existing and previously tested exercise program, while the other half will receive education on a newly developed exercise program.
Detailed description
Injury prevention exercise programs have been developed for a variety of sporting contexts and many have proven to be efficacious in preventing injuries. Adherence with the training may, however, be an issue and poor adherence may limit the preventive effect. If using the preventive exercise programs can be shown to improve sports-relevant performance this may motivate both coaches and players to use these programs, since the reduction in injury risk is harder to notice for the individual. This study focuses on a Swedish injury prevention exercise program called Knee Control. The program has been found efficacious in preventing acute knee injuries in girls' adolescent football players in previous trials. We have found, however, that coaches often modify the Knee Control program to improve program fit and player buy-in among female youth football players. Careful changes must be made to the program since there is a risk of compromising the preventive effect and the effect on performance if the training dose is too low or if effective exercises are replaced with other exercises. We have therefore further developed the Knee Control program, to a Knee Control+ program, to support the coaches in the tailoring of the program to preserve the preventive effect and hopefully enhance performance effects. By introducing more variation with easier and more difficult exercises, pair-exercises, competitive and plyometric elements the new Knee Control+ program may better fit both the youngest and the oldest players, which in turn may facilitate fidelity with and maintenance of the program. The aim of the study is to compare the neuromuscular and performance effects of the original Knee Control and the new Knee Control+ programs among youth female and male football players. A secondary aim is to study player and coach experiences of the programs and their fidelity with the training protocol. Hypothesis: We expect similar effects of both programs, or superior effects of the Knee Control+ program, showing that the programs are compatible but the program adherence and fidelity being better with Knee Control+. Methods: Eight youth football teams (4 boys, 4 girls, age 13-17 years) with approximately 120 players will be included in the study. Four teams will receive education about the Knee Control program and four teams about the Knee Control+ program. All coaches and two to three players per team will take part in a workshop at baseline where registered physiotherapists will give practical instructions of the intervention exercise programs. The workshops will also contain theoretical information about injuries in football and the background for either the Knee Control or the Knee Control+ programs. The attending coaches and players will be able to test all exercises and receive feedback about correct movement technique. Outcomes: Football-relevant performance and neuromuscular function will be tested at baseline and after 12 weeks of training.
Interventions
OTHERInjury prevention exercise programs
The two intervention programs contain exercises aiming to increase lower extremity strength, core stability, balance and neuromuscular function.
Sponsors
The Swedish Research Council
Region Östergötland
Linkoeping University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
Outcomes assessors (performance tests and neuromuscular function) blinded to group allocation
Intervention model description
Two-armed cluster randomized parallel trial
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
13 Years to 17 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Football teams who have training at least twice per week * Healthy players who can exert themselves maximally during testing
Exclusion criteria
* Teams who have used the Knee Control or a similar injury prevention exercise program on a regular basis the last year * Players who cannot take full part in measurements due to illnesses or injuries
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in performance on the agility t-test (s) | Baseline and 12 weeks |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Player baseline and follow-up experiences of injuries and of the Knee Control and Knee Control+ programs | Baseline and 12 weeks |
| Injuries that occur during the intervention period (number of injured players in each group) | At follow-up 12 weeks |
| Coach baseline and follow-up experiences of injuries and of the Knee Control and Knee Control+ programs | Baseline and 12 weeks |
| Change in performance on the single-leg hop for distance (m) | Baseline and 12 weeks |
| Change in performance on drop vertical jumps as measured with knee separation distance (m) | Baseline and 12 weeks |
| Coach reported compliance and fidelity with the program protocol | At follow-up 12 weeks |
| Change in performance on the side-hop test (n) | Baseline and 12 weeks |
| Change in performance on the 10 m sprint test (s) | Baseline and 12 weeks |
| Change in performance on the 20 m sprint test (s) | Baseline and 12 weeks |
| Change in performance on evaluation of lower extremity landing technique during the tuck jump test (points) | Baseline and 12 weeks |
| Change in performance on the 505 agility test (s) | Baseline and 12 weeks |
Countries
Sweden
Outcome results
None listed