Dehydration
Conditions
Keywords
dehydration, spectrophon, device, perspiration
Brief summary
Monitoring of a person's physical status is a key point for maintaining of healthy life. Wearable devices provide a unique possibility for real-time monitoring. This study aims to estimate the accuracy of Spectrophon Dehydration Body Monitor (DBM) incorporated in smartwatch Samsung Gear S2 and sport band Samsung Gear Fit2 by comparing data obtained by DBM with the total weight lost during exertion.
Detailed description
Reduced physical activity is considered as a risk factor for obesity, diabetes, cancer and depression. A proper exercise program can mitigate cognitive and physical decline associated with ageing. Existing general guidelines for physical activity are not universal or appropriate for every person. A personalized approach based on a subject age and unique combination of different physiological parameters would serve as a solution for finding optimal training protocols for individuals. Hence, monitoring basic physiological and biochemical parameters and obtaining information reflecting the body metabolic state is necessary for health status estimation to develop the abovementioned personally-oriented training protocols. Dehydration Body Monitor (DBM) developed by Spectrophon L.T.D. can measure sweat lost, salt concentration in sweat, and sweating dynamics, which can be used for personal physical status monitoring. This is important not only for controlling appropriate body hydration level but also for keeping kidneys healthy. Currently, only few DBM tools are available on the market, so there is a growing need for new effective accurate real-time DBM sensors. The main objective of current study is to estimate the accuracy of Spectrophon DBM incorporated in smartwatch Samsung Gear S2 and sport band Samsung Gear Fit2. The secondary aim of the study is to evaluate the safety-in-use of Spectrophon DBM. Tested device: Name: Dehydration Body Monitor; Source: Spectrophon, L.T.D.; Model: SP-DBM Firmware version: 1.5 4\. Experimental Design Healthy adults (n=200) in different age and gender groups were recruited for the study. Samsung Gear S2 smartwatch with Spectrophon DBM attached to the bottom of the smartwatch were placed on the right wrist of each participant. At the same time, Samsung Gear Fit2 sport band with Spectrophon DBM attached to the bottom of the band was placed on the left wrist of the participant. Each participant was subjected to moderate physical activity. Data from Samsung Gear S2 and Samsung Gear Fit2 was obtained simultaneously. In parallel, subject weight was also monitored using commercially available digital balancers (Shekel B-200-P). The evaluation of the measurement accuracy of the Spectrophon DBM was defined as the difference between subject weight change during the exertion (due to sweating and water consumption) and the volume of sweat detected by Spectrophon DBM. 5\. Procedures: Participants were weighed prior to the experiment (no clothing after maximal drying) and then subjected to physical activity (walking on the treadmill). Total duration of study: 90 minutes 5.2 Intensity of exercises: Participants could choose high or low intensity of exertion: 1. High: up to 6.5km/h; 2. Low: yo to 6.0km/h; 5.3 Data recording: After DBM application was activated, DBM started recording data (sweat rate and total salt in sweat) every 20 sec. and automatically saved results into archive on a mobile phone linked to Samsung Gear S2 or Samsung Gear Fit2 by Bluetooth. Manual recording of data was conducted during breaks Participants were also weighed during each break (no clothing after maximal drying). 5.4. Drinking During the procedure, subjects could drink up to 500 ml of water. The weight of the bottle was measured and recorded after drinking during breaks. The difference was subtracted to the weight loss calculation. 5.5 Restrictions: In this experiment, the following was avoided: 1. Urination during test (empty before T0) 2. Weight loss should not exceed 2% Participants could cancel the experiment at any point of the procedure if desired.
Interventions
DEVICESpectrophon dehydration body monitor
Participants (both males and females) were assigned to physical activity (running), biosensor was attached to subject's wrist
Sponsors
Ariel University
Tirat Carmel Mental Health Center
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
SCREENING
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 50 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
1. Age: older than 18, both gender. 2. Ability and willingness to sign an informed consent form for participation in the study.
Exclusion criteria
1. Presence of cardiologic or vascular disease. 2. Evidence of any other serious medical disorder. 3. Pregnancy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | 90 minutes | Number of measurements obtained with Dehydration Monitor with errors greater/less than 20% (as compared to Shekel B-200-P) |
Countries
Israel
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Group 1 Age 18-25, males and females, Spectrophon dehydration body monitor was attached to subject's wrist | 50 |
| Group 2 Age 26-35, males and females, Spectrophon dehydration body monitor was attached to subject's wrist | 50 |
| Group 3 Age 36-45, males and females, Spectrophon dehydration body monitor was attached to subject's wrist | 50 |
| Group 4 Age 46-50, males and females, Spectrophon dehydration body monitor was attached to subject's wrist | 51 |
| Total | 201 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 | FG003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Total | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | Group 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 201 Participants | 50 Participants | 50 Participants | 51 Participants | 50 Participants |
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected | 0 Participants | — | — | — | — |
| Region of Enrollment Israel | 201 Participants | 50 Participants | 50 Participants | 51 Participants | 50 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 101 Participants | 25 Participants | 25 Participants | 26 Participants | 25 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 100 Participants | 25 Participants | 25 Participants | 25 Participants | 25 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk | EG003 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 50 | 0 / 50 | 0 / 50 | 0 / 50 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 |
Outcome results
Primary
Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error
Number of measurements obtained with Dehydration Monitor with errors greater/less than 20% (as compared to Shekel B-200-P)
Time frame: 90 minutes
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear S2 : <20% errors in measurements | 48 Number of measurements |
| Group 1 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear S2 : >20% errors in measurements | 2 Number of measurements |
| Group 1 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear Fit2 : <20% errors in measurements | 47 Number of measurements |
| Group 1 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear Fit2 : >20% errors in measurements | 3 Number of measurements |
| Group 2 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear S2 : >20% errors in measurements | 2 Number of measurements |
| Group 2 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear Fit2 : <20% errors in measurements | 48 Number of measurements |
| Group 2 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear Fit2 : >20% errors in measurements | 2 Number of measurements |
| Group 2 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear S2 : <20% errors in measurements | 48 Number of measurements |
| Group 3 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear Fit2 : <20% errors in measurements | 46 Number of measurements |
| Group 3 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear S2 : >20% errors in measurements | 1 Number of measurements |
| Group 3 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear Fit2 : >20% errors in measurements | 4 Number of measurements |
| Group 3 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear S2 : <20% errors in measurements | 49 Number of measurements |
| Group 4 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear Fit2 : >20% errors in measurements | 1 Number of measurements |
| Group 4 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear S2 : >20% errors in measurements | 0 Number of measurements |
| Group 4 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear S2 : <20% errors in measurements | 50 Number of measurements |
| Group 4 | Number of Measurements Grouped by Level or Error | Samsung Gear Fit2 : <20% errors in measurements | 49 Number of measurements |