Healthy
Conditions
Keywords
polyphenols, cycling, endurance, aerobic, pain
Brief summary
Endurance performance during high intensive exercises is mainly determined by the capacity of the aerobic metabolism. It generally induces muscle fatigue defined as the reversible decline in skeletal muscle contractile performance. Fatigue is multifactorial and is often associated with many physiological parameters including reduced neural input and disruptive metabolic changes in skeletal muscles such as lactic acidosis and the production of oxidative free radicals. Moreover, it could lead to oxidative stress as a result of an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and intrinsic antioxidant defense. To alleviate oxidative stress, some ergogenic strategies have been tested. Numerous studies have reported that different types of supplementation such as selenium, vitamin E, vitamin C or polyphenols were of interest to protect against these mechanisms. Indeed, although some studies demonstrated no or harmful effects, most studies observed positive effects of antioxidants on oxidative stress or performance. More particularly, polyphenols, have great antioxidant capabilities and protective effects and it increases the synthesis and bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO)which is well known to be the most important mediator of vasodilation. To date, most of the studies exploring the effects of polyphenols on exercise investigated several days or weeks of supplementations on vascular, blood parameters (blood pressure, NO concentration, oxidative stress markers) or endurance performance. Conflicting results are often obtained. Only few studies investigated the effects of a single intake on immediate performance and recovery capacity. Therefore, the present work aimed to study the effects of an acute intake of a specific profile polyphenols from grape and apple on physical performances. More specifically, performance, in the present study, referred to high intensity cycling exercise until exhaustion revealing the capacity to maintain a constant strong effort hereafter named endurance. The hypothesis was that an acute of polyphenols would increase the time to exhaustion during a high intensity cycling exercise.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTVinitrox polyphenols
Vinitrox™ (Nexira - France) is a combination of specific profile polyphenols from grape and apple. The main polyphenol classes are proanthocyanidins (as catechins, B2 dimer), phenolic acids (as chlorogenic acids, gallic acids) and anthocyanins (as malvidin-3-glucoside). It was administrated the night and the morning before the endurance test (oral administration)
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTPlacebo
Made with maltodextrin. It was administrated the night and the morning before the endurance test (oral administration).
Sponsors
University of Burgundy
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
TRIPLE (Subject, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
25 Years to 45 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Body mass index lower than 27 and waist size lower than 94 cm * physical activity higher than 2 hours a week * written informed consent
Exclusion criteria
* more than 6 hours training a week, regularly trained in aerobic activities * asthmatic, smokers or under medicinal drugs * dietary supplement, sports drink, special dietary food or functional food, of any kind, liable or presented as liable to enhance physical performances
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Time to exhaustion | The total duration of the aerobic exercise (during the cycling aerobic exercise) | Maximal duration during a cycling aerobic exercise (70% of maximal aerobic power) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Heart rate | Immediately before the endurance test, immediately after the endurance test and continuously recorded during three minutes during the recovery to determine half-recovery time | Heart rate using a polar belt |
| Gaz exchange | Immediately before the endurance test, immediately after the endurance test and continuously recorded during three minutes during the recovery to determine half-recovery time | oxygen intake using a portable gaz exchange analyzer |
| blood pressure | Immediately before the endurance test, immediately after the endurance test | blood pressure measured at the arm |
| Pain sensation | Immediately after the endurance exercise and 48 hours after the endurance test | Pain sensation using a visual analog scale |
Outcome results
None listed