Comparison of SAR341402 to NovoLog/NovoRapid in Adult Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Also Using Insulin Glargine

All values up to Week 26 were taken into account in the analysis, regardless of adherence to treatment. Change in HbA1c was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 value. Missing changes at Week 26 were imputed using a retrieved dropout multiple imputation method (separately for participants who prematurely discontinued or completed treatment). Adjusted least square (LS) means and standard errors (SE) were obtained using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model on data obtained from the multiple imputations (results were combined using Rubin's formulae).

Time frame: Baseline, Week 26

Population: Analysis was performed on intent-to-treat (ITT) population, which included all randomized participants, irrespective of compliance with the study protocol and procedures.

7-point SMPG profiles were measured at the following 7 points at each visit (Baseline, Week 26, and Week 52): before breakfast, 2 hours after breakfast, before lunch, 2 hours after lunch, before dinner, 2 hours after dinner, and bedtime. For each time point, the value at each visit was calculated as the average of values obtained for the same time point across profiles performed in the week before the visit.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 26, and Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on ITT population. Here, Number analyzed = participants with an available value at baseline, Week 26/Week 52 for the specified 7-point SMPG time point.

All values up to Week 26 and Week 52 were taken into account in the analysis, regardless of adherence to treatment. Change in FPG at Week 26 and 52 was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 and Week 52 values, respectively. Missing changes at Week 26 and Week 52 were imputed using a retrieved dropout multiple imputation method (separately for participants who prematurely discontinued or completed treatment). Adjusted LS means and SE were obtained using ANCOVA analysis on data obtained from the multiple imputations (results were combined using Rubin's formulae).

Time frame: Baseline, Week 26, and Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on ITT population.

All values up to Week 52 were taken into account in the analysis, regardless of adherence to treatment. Change in HbA1c was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 52 value. Missing changes at Week 52 were imputed using a retrieved dropout multiple imputation method (separately for participants who prematurely discontinued or completed treatment). Adjusted LS means and SE were obtained using ANCOVA model on data obtained from the multiple imputations (results were combined using Rubin's formulae).

Time frame: Baseline, Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on ITT population.

Plasma glucose excursions were calculated at breakfast, lunch and dinner for each 7-point SMPG profile, as 2-hour PPG minus plasma glucose value obtained 30 minutes prior to start of the meal. Values of plasma glucose excursions at each visit were then calculated as the average across profiles performed in the week before the visit. All calculated values up to Week 26 and Week 52 were taken into account in the analysis, regardless of adherence to treatment. Change in PPG excursions at Weeks 26 and 52 was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 and Week 52 values, respectively. Missing changes at Week 26 and Week 52 were imputed using a return-to-baseline multiple imputation method (values imputed as participant baseline plus an error). Adjusted LS means and SE were obtained using ANCOVA analysis on data obtained from the multiple imputations (results were combined using Rubin's formulae).

Time frame: Baseline, Week 26, and Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on ITT population. Here, Number analyzed = participants with a baseline value for each specified category.

Mean 24-hour plasma glucose concentration was calculated based on 7-point self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) profiles with plasma glucose measurements before and 2-hours after each main meal and at bedtime. Mean 24-hour plasma glucose concentration was calculated for each profile and then averaged across profiles performed in the week before a visit. All calculated values up to Week 26 and Week 52 were taken into account in the analysis, regardless of adherence to treatment. Change in mean 24-hour plasma glucose concentration at Weeks 26 and 52 was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 and Week 52 values, respectively. Missing changes at Week 26 and Week 52 were imputed using a return-to-baseline multiple imputation method (values imputed as participant baseline plus an error). Adjusted LS means and SE were obtained using ANCOVA analysis on data obtained from the multiple imputations (results were combined using Rubin's formulae).

Time frame: Baseline, Week 26, and Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on ITT population. Here, Overall number of participants analyzed = participants with a baseline mean 24-hour plasma glucose concentration.

Number of hypoglycemia events (any, severe and documented \[both thresholds\]) per participant-year of exposure were reported. Severe hypoglycemia was an event in which the participant required the assistance of another person to actively administer carbohydrate, glucagon, or other resuscitative actions, because the participant was not capable of helping self. Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which typical symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of \<=3.9 mmol/L (\<=70 mg/dL) or plasma glucose level of \<3.0 mmol/L (\<54 mg/dL).

Time frame: From first injection of investigational medicinal product (IMP) up to Week 26 or up to 1 day after last injection of IMP, whichever comes earlier, for Week 26 analysis, and from first injection of IMP up to 1 day after last injection of IMP for Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on safety population.

Severe hypoglycemia was an event in which the participant required the assistance of another person to actively administer carbohydrate, glucagon, or other resuscitative actions, because the participant was not capable of helping self. Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which typical symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of \<=3.9 mmol/L (\<=70 mg/dL) or plasma glucose level of \<3.0 mmol/L (\<54 mg/dL).

Time frame: From first injection of investigational medicinal product (IMP) up to Week 26 or up to 1 day after last injection of IMP, whichever comes earlier, for Week 26 analysis, and from first injection of IMP up to 1 day after last injection of IMP for Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on safety population that included all randomized participants who received at least one dose of IMP, analyzed according to the treatment actually received.

Participants with at least one positive AIA sample at baseline or at any time during the on-treatment period (Prevalence).

Time frame: From first injection of IMP up to Week 26 or up to 1 day after last injection of IMP, whichever comes earlier, for Week 26 analysis, and from first injection of IMP up to 1 day after last injection of IMP for Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on AIA population, which included all participants who received at least one dose of IMP and had at least one AIA sample available for analysis during the on-treatment period, analyzed according to the treatment actually received. Here, Number analyzed = participants included in the AIA population at Week 26 and Week 52.

Participants who had no available assessment at Week 26 and Week 52 were considered as non-responders.

Time frame: Week 26 and Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on ITT population.

Participants with at least one treatment-emergent adverse event linked to hypersensitivity reaction and injection site reaction regardless of relationship to IMP during the main 6-month and the 12-month on-treatment periods was assessed and reported.

Time frame: From first injection of IMP up to Week 26 or up to 1 day after last injection of IMP, whichever comes earlier, for Week 26 analysis, and from first injection of IMP up to 1 day after last injection of IMP for Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on safety population.

AIA incidence were categorized as: treatment-induced, treatment-boosted AIAs, and treatment-emergent AIA. 1) Participants with treatment-induced AIAs were those who developed AIA following IMP administration (participants with at least one positive AIA sample at any time during on-treatment period, in those participants without pre-existing AIA or with missing baseline sample). 2) Participants with treatment-boosted AIAs were those with pre-existing AIAs that were boosted to a significant higher titer following IMP administration (participants with at least one AIA sample with at least a 4-fold increase in titers compared to baseline value at any time during on-treatment period). 3) Participants with treatment-emergent AIA were defined as participants with treatment-induced, or treatment-boosted AIAs.

Time frame: From first injection of IMP up to Week 26 or up to 1 day after last injection of IMP, whichever comes earlier, for Week 26 analysis, and from first injection of IMP up to 1 day after last injection of IMP for Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on AIA population. Here, 'Number analyzed' = participants included in the AIA population at Week 26 and Week 52 and with negative or missing AIA status at baseline (for treatment-induced AIA) or with positive AIA status at baseline (for treatment-boosted AIA).

Change in daily insulin dose (basal, mealtime and total) was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Day1, Week 26 and Week 52 values respectively. Baseline was defined as the median of daily doses available in the week prior to the first injection of IMP (corresponding to doses of the pre-study insulin), value at Day 1 as the median of daily doses available in the week after the first injection of IMP (first doses of IMP), and value at Week 26 and Week 52 as the median of daily doses available in the week prior to each visit.

Time frame: Baseline, Day 1, Week 26 and Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on safety population. Here, 'Number analyzed' = participants with available data for each specified category.

Change in daily insulin dose (basal, mealtime and total) was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Day 1, Week 26 and Week 52 values respectively. Baseline was defined as the median of daily doses available in the week prior to the first injection of IMP (corresponding to doses of the pre-study insulin), value at Day 1 as the median of daily doses available in the week after the first injection of IMP (first doses of IMP), and value at Week 26 and Week 52 as the median of daily doses available in the week prior to each visit.

Time frame: Baseline, Day 1, Week 26, Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on safety population and data was summarized separately for each treatment arm in each subgroup (based on the prior use of NovoLog/NovoRapid or Humalog/Liprolog). Here, 'Number analyzed' = participants with available data for each specified category.

All values up to Week 26 and Week 52 were taken into account in the analysis, regardless of adherence to treatment. Change in HbA1c at Week 26 and Week 52 was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 and Week 52 value, respectively. Missing changes at Week 26 and Week 52 were imputed using a retrieved dropout multiple imputation method (separately for participants who prematurely discontinued or completed treatment). Adjusted LS means and SE were obtained using ANCOVA model on data obtained from the multiple imputations (results were combined using Rubin's formulae).

Time frame: Baseline, Week 26 and Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on ITT population and data was summarized separately for each treatment arm in each subgroup (based on the prior use of NovoLog/NovoRapid or Humalog/Liprolog).

Any untoward medical occurrence in a participant who received IMP was considered an AE without regard to possibility of causal relationship with this treatment. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were defined as AEs that developed or worsened or became serious during the main 6-month or 12-month on-treatment periods.

Time frame: From first injection of IMP up to Week 26 or up to 1 day after last injection of IMP, whichever comes earlier for Week 26 analysis, and from first injection of IMP up to 1 day after last injection of IMP for Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on safety population and data was summarized separately for each treatment arm in each subgroup (based on the prior use of NovoLog/NovoRapid or Humalog/Liprolog).

Severe hypoglycemia was an event in which the participant required the assistance of another person to actively administer carbohydrate, glucagon, or other resuscitative actions, because the participant was not capable of helping self. Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which typical symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of \<=3.9 mmol/L (\<=70 mg/dL) or plasma glucose level of \<3.0 mmol/L (\<54 mg/dL).

Time frame: From first injection of IMP up to Week 26 or up to 1 day after last injection of IMP, whichever comes earlier, for Week 26 analysis, and from first injection of IMP up to 1 day after last injection of IMP for Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on safety population and data was summarized separately for each treatment arm in each subgroup (based on the prior use of NovoLog/NovoRapid or Humalog/Liprolog).

AIA incidence were categorized as: treatment-induced, treatment-boosted AIAs, and treatment-emergent AIA. 1) Participants with treatment-induced AIAs were those who developed AIA following IMP administration (participants with at least one positive AIA sample at any time during on-treatment period, in those participants without pre-existing AIA or with missing baseline sample. 2) Participants with treatment-boosted AIAs were those with pre-existing AIAs that were boosted to a significant higher titer following IMP administration (participants with at least one AIA sample with at least a 4-fold increase in titers compared to baseline value at any time during on-treatment period). 3) Participants with treatment-emergent AIA were defined as participants with treatment-induced, or treatment-boosted AIAs. Data was summarized separately for each treatment arm in each subgroup (based on the prior use of NovoLog/NovoRapid or Humalog/Liprolog).

Time frame: From first injection of IMP up to Week 26 or up to 1 day after last injection of IMP, whichever comes earlier, for Week 26 analysis, and from first injection of IMP up to 1 day after last injection of IMP for Week 52

Population: Analysis was performed on AIA population. Here, 'Number analyzed' = participants included in the AIA population at Week 26 and Week 52 and with negative or missing AIA status at baseline (for treatment-induced AIA) or with positive AIA status at baseline (for treatment-boosted AIA).