Overweight
Conditions
Brief summary
This study is designed to see if drinking a tomato-based vegetable juice will increase skin carotenoids.
Detailed description
The US Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends that individuals consume approximately 2-4 c of vegetables each day to reduce risk of chronic disease, but current methods for assessing intake are either inaccurate (self-report) or invasive (blood carotenoid levels). Recent research indicates that skin carotenoid status may be a useful biomarker of vegetable intake, but the sensitivity to dose in unknown. In this study, we propose to test the dose-response of skin carotenoids to consumption of 3 different levels of vegetable juice (with a control group receiving water). We will test skin carotenoids in two ways: using resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS), which we have previously validated, and with a new technique, pressure mediated reflection spectroscopy (RS; the Veggie Meter). We will compare the two techniques during an 8-week provided tomato-based juice intervention. Skin carotenoid readings will be compared to blood carotenoid concentrations and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes related to the uptake, transport, and metabolism of carotenoids will be examined in blood and saliva.
Interventions
OTHERHigh dose vegetable juice
High dose (13 fl oz) vegetable juice
OTHERMedium dose vegetable juice
Medium dose (10 fl oz) vegetable juice
OTHERLow dose vegetable juice
Low dose (5.5 fl oz) vegetable juice
OTHERControl bottled water
Control (12 fl oz) bottled water
Sponsors
USDA Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* BMI 18.5-29.9 kg/m2
Exclusion criteria
* weigh less than 110 lbs * currently dieting to lose weight * allergic to tomatoes or vegetables * pregnant, lactating, or planning to become pregnant * currently use tobacco products or vape * eat more that 2 cups of vegetables per day * have high blood sugar (≥200 mg/dL) * have high blood pressure (≥140/90 mm Hg) * have a medical condition such as diabetes or high blood pressure * taking medication that lowers cholesterol or triglycerides
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in skin carotenoid concentration as measured by pressure-mediated reflection spectroscopy (RS) | 0, 4, 8 weeks | Pressure-mediated reflection spectroscopy (RS) is used to measure tissue carotenoids. RS intensity can be used as a measure for total carotenoid content in the measured tissue volume. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Usual intake of carotenoid-rich foods and beverages | 0,4,8 weeks | A 44-item food frequency questionnaire of the top carotenoid-rich foods and beverages will be developed to measure carotenoid intake from a person's usual diet. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed