Dental Caries
Conditions
Brief summary
An open-label and single-blind phase 2 study to evaluate the oral microbiology, safety and tolerability of multiple C16G2 Varnish and Strip applications in male and female dental subjects 12-75 years of age. The study will compare multiple study drug administrations of C16G2 Varnish and/or C16G2 Strip in three study arms. In Study Arm 1 eight subjects will be enrolled in an open-label manner and will receive a daily dose of C16G2 Varnish application over 3 days followed by 14 doses of C16G2 Strip administered over 7 days. Following the three C16G2 Varnish applications, each subject will receive 7 days of AM and PM dosing with C16G2 Strip and will be followed for microbiology for up to 2 months after the last study drug administration. Study Arm 2 will enroll 12 subjects in a single-blind manner. Subjects will receive four C16G2 Varnish or Placebo applications over 7 days, followed by 3 additional weekly varnish administrations. Subjects will be followed for microbiology for up to 2 months after the last study drug administration.The treatment allocation will be 1:1 (6 subjects receiving C16G2 Varnish, 6 subjects receiving Placebo). Study Arm 3 will be initiated based on the Sponsor's review of all microbiology data up to two week post last study drug administration from Study Arm 2. If initiated, Study Arm 3 will enroll 6 subjects in an open-label manner. Subjects will receive daily single doses of C16G2 Varnish over 10 days, for a total of 10 doses and will be followed for microbiology for up to 2 months after the last study drug administration.
Detailed description
An open-label and single-blind phase 2 study to evaluate the oral microbiology, safety and tolerability of multiple C16G2 Varnish and Strip applications in male and female dental subjects 12-75 years of age. The study will compare multiple study drug administrations of 13.6 milligrams (mg) of C16G2 Varnish and 9.2 mg of C16G2 Strip in three study arms. Before dosing of study drug, eligible subjects will receive professional dental prophylaxis between Days -7 and -2. In Study Arm 1 eight subjects will be enrolled in an open-label manner and will receive a daily dose of C16G2 Varnish application over 3 days followed by 14 doses of C16G2 Strip administered over 7 days. C16G2 Varnish will be applied with a small brush typically used in dental varnish administration. Following the three C16G2 Varnish applications, each subject will receive 7 days of AM and PM dosing with C16G2 Strip. To evaluate the durability of S. mutans suppression, study subjects will be followed for microbiology for up to 2 months after the last study drug administration. Study Arm 2 will enroll 12 subjects in a single-blind manner. Subjects will receive four C16G2 Varnish or Placebo applications over 7 days (Days 0, 2, 5 & 7), followed by 3 additional weekly varnish administrations. The treatment allocation will be 1:1 (6 subjects receiving C16G2 Varnish, 6 subjects receiving Placebo). To evaluate the durability of S. mutans suppression, study subjects will be followed for microbiology for up to 2 months after the last study drug administration. Study Arm 3 will be initiated based on the Sponsor's review of all microbiology data up to two week post last study drug administration from Study Arm 2. If initiated, Study Arm 3 will enroll 6 subjects in an open-label manner. Subjects will receive daily single doses of C16G2 Varnish over 10 days, for a total of 10 doses. To evaluate the durability of S. mutans suppression, study subjects will be followed for microbiology for up to 2 months after the last study drug administration. Clinic visits in Study Arm 1 include Visit 1 (Screening/Days -30 to -1), Visit 2 (Prophylaxis/Day -7 to -2), Eligibility Confirmation, Baseline & First C16G2 Varnish Dosing at Visit 3, Visits 4 & 5 (C16G2 Varnish Administration), Visits 6-19 (AM & PM C16G2 Strip Administration), Follow-up Visits 20 & 21 (Safety and Microbiology) and Follow-up Visits 22-24 (Microbiology only). Clinic visits in Study Arm 2 include Visit 1 (Screening/Days -30 to -1), Visit 2 (Prophylaxis/Day -7 to -2), Eligibility Confirmation, Baseline & First C16G2 Varnish or Placebo Dosing at Visit 3, Visits 4-9 (C16G2 Varnish or Placebo Administration), Follow-up Visits 10 & 11 (Safety and Microbiology) and Follow-up Visits 12-14 (Microbiology only). Clinic visits in Study Arm 3 include Clinic Visit 1 (Screening/Days -30 to -1), Visit 2 (Prophylaxis/Day -7 to -2), Eligibility Confirmation, Baseline & First C16G2 Varnish Dosing at Visit 3, Visits 4-12 (C16G2 Varnish Administration), Follow-up Visits 13 & 14 (Safety and Microbiology) and Follow-up Visits 15-17 (Microbiology only).
Interventions
DRUGC16G2
C16G2
DRUGPlacebo
Varnish Placebo
Sponsors
Armata Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Masking description
In the single-blind Study Arm 2, active and placebo will be identical in appearance and labeled in a blinded fashion
Intervention model description
Study Arms 1 and 2 will be enrolled in parallel followed by Study Arm 3.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
12 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
1. Males and females, 12-75 years of age 2. Adults subjects provide written informed consent and adolescent subjects give written or verbal assent, as appropriate, and parent(s) or legal guardian(s) give written informed consent 3. Female subjects of childbearing potential must agree to use one of the following forms of contraception from screening through the last study visit: hormonal (oral, implant, or injection) begun \>30 days prior to screening; barrier (condom, diaphragm, or cervical cap with spermicide); intrauterine device (IUD). Acceptable contraceptive options may also include abstinence, relationship with a same sex partner or partner who has had a vasectomy at least six (6) months prior to the screening visit 4. Negative urine pregnancy test in all females of childbearing potential (past menarche) 5. Male subjects of sexual activity age: willing to use contraception or abstain from sexual activity beginning with the first exposure to study drug and continuing until discharged from the study due to completion or Early Termination 6. Healthy, as determined by the Investigator (in consultation with the Medical Monitor, as needed), based on medical and dental history, concurrent illnesses, laboratory results, concomitant medications, oral cavity assessment, and targeted physical examination (general, extraoral, head and neck) during Screening. Note: Subjects on a stable dose of medication may be eligible for screening and will be assessed by the medical monitor on a case-by-case basis. 7. Have a minimum of 12 bicuspids and molars with a minimum of 8 molars and bicuspids NOT having restorations, crowns or sealants 8. Demonstrated ability to expectorate ≥2 mL of stimulated saliva in 5 minutes 9. Have a salivary S. mutans of 1.0 x 10\^5 CFUs/mL or greater at Screening using mitis salivarius-bacitracin (MSB) agar plating 10. Willing to refrain from using non-study dentifrice and other non-study oral care products (oral care rinses, fluoride products, etc.) during the study 11. Willing to postpone elective dental procedures (e.g., dental cleanings) between Screening and final post-treatment visit (End of Study or Early Termination) 12. Willing and able to comply with oral hygiene and diet instructions 13. Able to communicate with the Investigator/study center personnel, understand and comply with the study requirements, and willing to return for protocol-specified visits at the appointed times
Exclusion criteria
1. Advanced periodontal disease 2. Active caries lesion(s) within 30 days prior to study drug administration (confirmed by comprehensive caries examination including standard radiographs). Subjects presenting with insipient, non-cavitated lesion(s) are not excluded. Note: If radiographs are deemed appropriate for the study and taken within 6 months prior to the Screening visit, these may be used for determining eligibility and are not required to be repeated at Screening 3. Partially erupted teeth where the entire crown is not erupted or an operculum is present 4. Medical condition (e.g., artificial heart valve, history of infective endocarditis, cardiac transplant with valvular dysfunction, congenital heart disease or total joint replacement) for which antibiotics are recommended prior to dental visits and/or procedures 5. Pathologic lesions of the oral cavity (suspicious or confirmed) 6. Full dentures or permanent orthodontic appliances, e.g., braces, buccal or lingual brackets. Note: Partial dentures, removable retainers and night guards are not excluded, provided that they are cleaned regularly throughout the duration of the study 7. Use of systemic antibiotics, topical oral antibiotics, any immunosuppressant therapy, and steroids, beginning 30 days prior to Screening until the end of study participation 8. Medical history indicating the woman is pregnant, breastfeeding/lactating or has a positive urine pregnancy test 9. Participation in a clinical trial or receipt of a non-FDA approved therapy within 30 days prior to study drug administration (depending on the specifics, participation in an observational study is not necessarily excluded) 10. Participation in a previous C16G2 clinical trial having received either C16G2 Strip, C16G2 Varnish or Placebo Varnish 11. Presence of any condition or concurrent illness, which in the opinion of the Investigator, would compromise normal immune function (e.g., diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, liver disease, organ transplant, etc.), interfere with the use of study dentifrice and oral care products, or interfere with the ability to comply with study requirements, or jeopardize the safety of the subject or the validity of the study results
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Antimicrobial Activity of C16G2 | Evaluated over up to 2 months | To assess the targeted antimicrobial activity of C16G2 applications as measured by a reduction in Streptococcus mutans in saliva and dental plaque using S. mutans CFUs using mitis-salivarius bacitrain (MSB) agar plating. Streptococcus species present in the oral cavity have been traditionally isolated from oral cavity samples using MSB agar plates. The antimicrobial activity of crystal violet dye, high sucrose content, sodium tellurite and bacitracin effectively prevent the growth of all bacteria except for streptococci. Further differentiation of streptococci is accomplished by observing colony morphology. S. mutans grows in large blue colonies with dry frosted tops or pale blue gumdrops and can be differentiated from other bacterial colonies. |
| Total Oral Bacterial Levels | 1 day post last study drug administration | To assess total bacteria in saliva and dental plaque post study drug administration using total bacteria CFUs using Todd Hewitt (TH) agar plating and the log transformed changes from baseline Total Bacteria levels in dental plaque and saliva including N, mean, SD, median and range at each assessment time point following the first administration of C16G2. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2 | Up to 7 days post last study drug administration | Safety will be assessed by performing targeted physical examinations, oral cavity exams, taking vital signs and collection of adverse events categorized according to system organ class (SOC) and preferred term (PT) based on coding to the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA®), Version 17.1. Comprehensive examinations of oral hard and soft tissue structures, as well as targeted exams of specific musculoskeletal and extraoral sites were performed at selected time points; vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate and temperature) were taken. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Pre-assignment details
Enrollment into Study Arms 1 and 2 was concurrent and based on enrollment logistics. Study Arm 3 was to be initiated after a microbiology data review of 2-week follow-up data from Study Arm 2. Study Arm 3 was not initiated.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Arm 1: Open-Enrollment Multiple Dose C16G2 Varnish Eight subjects will be enrolled in an open-label manner and will receive a daily dose of C16G2 Varnish application over 3 days followed by 14 doses of C16G2 Strip administered over 7 days. Following the three C16G2 Varnish applications, each subject will receive 7 days of AM and PM dosing with C16G2 Strip.
C16G2: C16G2 | 8 |
| Arm 2A: Single-Blind C16G2 Varnish Twelve subjects will be enrolled in a single-blind manner. Subjects will receive four C16G2 Varnish or Placebo applications over 7 days (Days 0, 2, 5 & 7), followed by 3 additional weekly varnish administrations. The treatment allocation will be 1:1 (6 subjects C16G2 Varnish, 6 subjects Placebo).
C16G2: C16G2
Placebo: Varnish Placebo | 6 |
| Arm 2B: Single-Blind Placebo Twelve subjects will be enrolled in a single-blind manner. Subjects will receive four C16G2 Varnish or Placebo applications over 7 days (Days 0, 2, 5 & 7), followed by 3 additional weekly varnish administrations. The treatment allocation will be 1:1 (6 subjects C16G2 Varnish, 6 subjects Placebo).
C16G2: C16G2
Placebo: Varnish Placebo | 6 |
| Total | 20 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Arm 1: Open-Enrollment Multiple Dose C16G2 Varnish | Arm 2A: Single-Blind C16G2 Varnish | Arm 2B: Single-Blind Placebo | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 18.8 years | 24.1 years | 24.1 years | 22 years |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 8 Participants | 5 Participants | 6 Participants | 19 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 8 participants | 6 participants | 6 participants | 20 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 2 Participants | 2 Participants | 3 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 6 Participants | 4 Participants | 3 Participants | 13 Participants |
| S. mutans of 1.0 x 105 CFUs/mL or greater | 8 Participants | 6 Participants | 6 Participants | 20 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 8 | 0 / 6 | 0 / 6 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 8 | 0 / 6 | 0 / 6 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 8 | 0 / 6 | 0 / 6 |
Outcome results
Primary
Antimicrobial Activity of C16G2
To assess the targeted antimicrobial activity of C16G2 applications as measured by a reduction in Streptococcus mutans in saliva and dental plaque using S. mutans CFUs using mitis-salivarius bacitrain (MSB) agar plating. Streptococcus species present in the oral cavity have been traditionally isolated from oral cavity samples using MSB agar plates. The antimicrobial activity of crystal violet dye, high sucrose content, sodium tellurite and bacitracin effectively prevent the growth of all bacteria except for streptococci. Further differentiation of streptococci is accomplished by observing colony morphology. S. mutans grows in large blue colonies with dry frosted tops or pale blue gumdrops and can be differentiated from other bacterial colonies.
Time frame: Evaluated over up to 2 months
Population: Enrollment into Study Arms 1 and 2 was concurrent and based on enrollment logistics.~Study Arm 3 was to be initiated after a microbiology data review of 2-week follow-up data from Study Arm 2. Study Arm 3 was not initiated.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arm 1: Open-Enrollment Multiple Dose C16G2 Varnish | Antimicrobial Activity of C16G2 | Saliva Sample: S. mutans Change from Baseline | -0.49 CFU/mL | Standard Deviation 0.48 |
| Arm 1: Open-Enrollment Multiple Dose C16G2 Varnish | Antimicrobial Activity of C16G2 | Dental Plaque Sample: S. mutans Change from Baseline | -0.31 CFU/mL | Standard Deviation 0.38 |
| Arm 2A: Single-Blind C16G2 Varnish | Antimicrobial Activity of C16G2 | Saliva Sample: S. mutans Change from Baseline | 0.23 CFU/mL | Standard Deviation 0.56 |
| Arm 2A: Single-Blind C16G2 Varnish | Antimicrobial Activity of C16G2 | Dental Plaque Sample: S. mutans Change from Baseline | -0.22 CFU/mL | Standard Deviation 0.95 |
| Arm 2B: Single-Blind Placebo | Antimicrobial Activity of C16G2 | Saliva Sample: S. mutans Change from Baseline | -0.44 CFU/mL | Standard Deviation 0.51 |
| Arm 2B: Single-Blind Placebo | Antimicrobial Activity of C16G2 | Dental Plaque Sample: S. mutans Change from Baseline | -0.31 CFU/mL | Standard Deviation 0.73 |
Primary
Total Oral Bacterial Levels
To assess total bacteria in saliva and dental plaque post study drug administration using total bacteria CFUs using Todd Hewitt (TH) agar plating and the log transformed changes from baseline Total Bacteria levels in dental plaque and saliva including N, mean, SD, median and range at each assessment time point following the first administration of C16G2.
Time frame: 1 day post last study drug administration
Population: Enrollment into Study Arms 1 and 2 was concurrent and based on enrollment logistics.~Study Arm 3 was to be initiated after a microbiology data review of 2-week follow-up data from Study Arm 2. Study Arm 3 was not initiated.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arm 1: Open-Enrollment Multiple Dose C16G2 Varnish | Total Oral Bacterial Levels | Saliva Sample - Total Bacteria by TH Agar Plating from Baseline | 0.001 CFU/mL | Standard Deviation 0.24 |
| Arm 1: Open-Enrollment Multiple Dose C16G2 Varnish | Total Oral Bacterial Levels | Dental Plaque Sample - Total Bacteria by TH Agar Plating from Baseline | -0.214 CFU/mL | Standard Deviation 0.312 |
| Arm 2A: Single-Blind C16G2 Varnish | Total Oral Bacterial Levels | Saliva Sample - Total Bacteria by TH Agar Plating from Baseline | 0.075 CFU/mL | Standard Deviation 0.28 |
| Arm 2A: Single-Blind C16G2 Varnish | Total Oral Bacterial Levels | Dental Plaque Sample - Total Bacteria by TH Agar Plating from Baseline | -0.21 CFU/mL | Standard Deviation 0.63 |
| Arm 2B: Single-Blind Placebo | Total Oral Bacterial Levels | Dental Plaque Sample - Total Bacteria by TH Agar Plating from Baseline | -0.18 CFU/mL | Standard Deviation 0.42 |
| Arm 2B: Single-Blind Placebo | Total Oral Bacterial Levels | Saliva Sample - Total Bacteria by TH Agar Plating from Baseline | -0.155 CFU/mL | Standard Deviation 0.13 |
Secondary
To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2
Safety will be assessed by performing targeted physical examinations, oral cavity exams, taking vital signs and collection of adverse events categorized according to system organ class (SOC) and preferred term (PT) based on coding to the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA®), Version 17.1. Comprehensive examinations of oral hard and soft tissue structures, as well as targeted exams of specific musculoskeletal and extraoral sites were performed at selected time points; vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate and temperature) were taken.
Time frame: Up to 7 days post last study drug administration
Population: Enrollment into Study Arms 1 and 2 was concurrent and based on enrollment logistics.~Study Arm 3 was to be initiated after a microbiology data review of 2-week follow-up data from Study Arm 2. Study Arm 3 was not initiated.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arm 1: Open-Enrollment Multiple Dose C16G2 Varnish | To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2 | Participants with Adverse Events Related to Study Drug | 0 Participants |
| Arm 1: Open-Enrollment Multiple Dose C16G2 Varnish | To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2 | Participants with Clinical Significant Oral Cavity Changes | 0 Participants |
| Arm 1: Open-Enrollment Multiple Dose C16G2 Varnish | To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2 | Participants with Clinical Significant Vital Sign Changes | 0 Participants |
| Arm 1: Open-Enrollment Multiple Dose C16G2 Varnish | To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2 | Participants with Abnormal Physical Exam Findings | 0 Participants |
| Arm 2A: Single-Blind C16G2 Varnish | To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2 | Participants with Abnormal Physical Exam Findings | 0 Participants |
| Arm 2A: Single-Blind C16G2 Varnish | To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2 | Participants with Adverse Events Related to Study Drug | 0 Participants |
| Arm 2A: Single-Blind C16G2 Varnish | To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2 | Participants with Clinical Significant Vital Sign Changes | 0 Participants |
| Arm 2A: Single-Blind C16G2 Varnish | To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2 | Participants with Clinical Significant Oral Cavity Changes | 0 Participants |
| Arm 2B: Single-Blind Placebo | To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2 | Participants with Abnormal Physical Exam Findings | 0 Participants |
| Arm 2B: Single-Blind Placebo | To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2 | Participants with Clinical Significant Oral Cavity Changes | 0 Participants |
| Arm 2B: Single-Blind Placebo | To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2 | Participants with Clinical Significant Vital Sign Changes | 0 Participants |
| Arm 2B: Single-Blind Placebo | To Evaluate the Safety of Multiple C16G2 | Participants with Adverse Events Related to Study Drug | 0 Participants |