Overeating, Smoking Cessation, Stress
Conditions
Keywords
Behavioral Counseling, Cigarette Smoking, Mobile Health, Heart Rate Variability Monitoring, Mindfulness-Based Exercises, Mobile Apps, Physiological Monitoring, Respiratory Pattern Monitoring, Stress-Management Interventions, Sensor-Triggered Stress Intervention, Smartphone Apps, Smoking Cessation, Wearable Sensors, Eating Behavior, Stress-Related Eating
Brief summary
The aim of this research is to build systems that can recognize when people are stressed and then provide them with relaxation prompts in the moment to reduce their likelihood of being stressed, smoking, or overeating in the near future. Using these systems should help smokers be more effective in their attempts to quit by reducing their tendency to lapse when they are stressed or experiencing other negative moods or behaviors.
Detailed description
The purpose of this study is (1) to evaluate the feasibility of a just-in-time intervention to decrease stress in recently quit smokers; and (2) to examine whether a just-in-time adaptive intervention that decreases stress also reduces the near-term odds of a smoking lapse. The primary hypothesis of this study is that the administration of a prompt to perform a relaxation exercise as compared to no prompt will lead to a lower likelihood of being stressed in the subsequent two hours, and that this effect will be stronger when the prompt is administered when the individual is stressed. The secondary hypothesis is that stress episodes will predict the timing of smoking lapses. The third hypothesis is that administration of a prompt to perform a relaxation exercise will reduce the odds of smoking for the next two hours, and that this effect will be stronger when the prompt is administered when the individual is stressed. The fourth (exploratory) hypothesis is that stress will predict the timing of overeating episodes. These data will also be used for developing automated risk prediction of smoking relapse, and for developing decision rules for the timing of Just-In-Time-Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs).
Interventions
BEHAVIORALPrompt to use smartphone apps for stress management
Study smartphone and software will be used to deliver intervention prompts to use stress management applications on the study smartphone at various times throughout the day, during at least 10 days of study participation. The delivery of prompts will be micro randomized to occur when participants are classified as stressed, and when participants are not classified as stressed. Headspace, a commercial stress management application, will be installed on the study smartphones. Thought Shakeup and Mood Surfing, stress management applications that are not commercially available, also will be installed on the study smartphones. These smartphone applications guide participants through stress management exercises that draw upon techniques from mindfulness, cognitive behavioral therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy.
Sponsors
University of Memphis
Georgia Institute of Technology
University of Minnesota
Ohio State University
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
University of Michigan
University of California, Los Angeles
University of California, San Diego
University of California, San Francisco
University of Utah
Northwestern University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Each time point when participant is available (i.e., not driving, not physically active, a stress classification is possible, hasn't recently received an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) or an intervention prompt) is randomly assigned to intervention prompt or no prompt.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Smokes 1+ cigarettes/day for past year * Willing to try to quit smoking for at least 48 hours during a 15-day quit trial * Will not use non-cigarette tobacco products or nicotine replacement therapy during the study period * Not taking or intending to take pharmacological smoking cessation aids (e.g., nicotine replacement, bupropion, venlafaxene) during the study period
Exclusion criteria
* Unable to wear study devices due to skin irritation or sizing limitations * Planning to move outside of Chicago area during study period * Adults unable to provide informed consent * Individuals who are not yet adults * Pregnant women * Prisoners * Non-English Speakers
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Probability of being stressed. | 2 hour window after each micro-randomized intervention vs. no intervention event during first 10 days after quitting smoking |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| First and all subsequent lapses in smoking cessation. | 10 days |
| Overeating episodes | 10 days |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed