Older Adults
Conditions
Brief summary
The evaluation of a detection and prevention program which aims to create a continuum of care and support for frail community-dwelling older people (from early detection, over intervention, to follow-up). First, the program aims to develop methods to easily, accurately and timely detect and prevent a negative frailty-balance in older people. Second, the study aims to improve the quality and efficacy of care and support given to frail community-dwelling older people.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALTailored care and support
Offering tailored care and support whereby the competences, strengths and resources of the older person are taken into account.The intervention will be an enhancement of usual care and will depend on the availability of the municipality, and could be formal (i.e., home care) or informal (e.g. activities of an older adult's association).
Sponsors
Hogeschool Gent
Universiteit Antwerpen
KU Leuven
Maastricht University
Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie
Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
60 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
Sample 1: 150 older people per municipality (total: 3 municipalities) (inclusion criteria: at least one selection criterion) * Gender: 75 men - 75 women * Age: 25 older people aged between 60 and 70 years old - 125 older people older than 70 years * Marital status: 50 older people with partner - 100 older people without partner * Living situation: 100 older people who have not moved last 10 years - 50 older people who have moved last 10 years * Migration background: 100 older people born in Belgium - 50 older people born elsewhere Sample 2: 150 older people per municipality (total: 3 municipalities) (inclusion criteria: all selection criteria at once) * 75 men, older than 70 years, living together/widowed/divorced/never married, moved last 10 years * 75 women, older than 70 years, widowed/divorced/never married, moved last 10 years
Exclusion criteria
* Current institutionalization * Current hospitalization
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline Quality of Life at 6 months | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | One question from the WHOQOL-BREF will be used to measure the quality of life of participants (1 item). Older participants will also be asked to rate their quality of life on a scale from 0 to 10. |
| Change from baseline Satisfaction with Life at 6 months | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | The Satisfaction with Life Scale will be administered to explore the life satisfaction of the participants (5 items) |
| Change from baseline sense of mastery at 6 months | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | To assess the sense of mastery of older people, the current mastery questionnaire will be used and one self-constructed item will be added which will assess mastery in relation to others. Older participants will also be asked to rate their mastery on a scale from 0 to 10. |
| Change from baseline Meaning in Life at 6 months | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | Meaning in life will be evaluated with 5 items from the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ). Older participants will also be asked to rate their meaning in life on a scale from 0 to 10. |
| Change from baseline Community Inclusion at 6 months | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | Community inclusion will be measured using 1 item from the Community Integration Measure (CIM). Older participants will also be asked to rate their community inclusion on a scale from 0 to 10. |
| Change from baseline aging well in place at 6 months | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | One self-constructed question (1 item) will assess if the older person lives at home in a qualitative manner |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Informal and formal care | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | Older people will be asked if they receive care from 6 informal and 14 formal caregivers and if they are satisfied with the help they receive from these caregivers. These questions are adapted from the BAS-questionnaire. |
| Medical care | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | The participants will be asked if they needed to go to the hospital, to a residential setting and a rehabilitation center over the past 6 months (day case/overnight stay). These questions are adapted from the Health Interview Survey. In addition, the participants will be asked when they visited the general practitioner for the last time over the last 6 months. |
| Multidimensional frailty | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | The Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument (CFAI) will be used to measure multidimensional frailty: physical, cognitive, psychological, social and environmental frailty |
| Neighborhood | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | Different dimensions of neighborhood will be assessed. First, the social environment will be administered by using 3 items from the social cohesion dimension of the Neighbourhood Scale. Second, the physical environment will be explored by using 4 items from the BAS-questionnaire as well as from the Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale. Finally, low-key participation will be examined by using 2 items from the questionnaire of Oswald & Konopik. |
| Life-events | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | A shortened version of the Geriatric Adverse Life Events Scale (GALES) will be adapted to assess to occurrence of life-events (11 items) |
| Leisure time | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | Leisure time will be measured by using an adapted question with 8 items derived from the BAS-questionnaire and will examine how often the participants perform the listed activities |
| Physical phenotype of frailty | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | The Fried's phenotype of frailty will be used to assess the physical phenotype of frailty as well as the questionnaire of Op het Veld |
| Feeling frail | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | The subjective feeling of frailty will be assessed using 1 self-constructed question and will assess to what extent an older person feels frail |
| Resilience | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | Resilience will be measured using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC2), which is an abbreviated 2-item version of the original scale |
| Coping | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | Coping will be measured using 12 items from the BRIEF cope. Two items from active coping, positive reframing, religion, use of emotional support and self-distraction and one item from acceptance and behavioral disengagement will be used |
| Help needed for activities in daily life | Assessed during baseline testing + 6 months after inclusion | Older people will be asked if they need help with 8 activities of daily life, and to what extent the help they receive for these activities is sufficient. These questions are adapted from the questionnaire of the Belgian Ageing Studies (BAS) |
Countries
Belgium
Outcome results
None listed