Airway Disease
Conditions
Keywords
Dietary nitrate supplementation, Cold symptoms, Stress, Immunity, Exhaled nitric oxide, Lung function, Cardiovascular activity
Brief summary
The purpose of the present study is to explore the effects of a dietary nitrate supplement on immunity, mood, cardiovascular activity, and lung function during and following final exam stress in both healthy and asthmatic individuals.
Detailed description
Past research has demonstrated significant changes in immune response and airway inflammation during times of stress. Specifically, significant decreases in the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in both healthy and asthmatic undergraduate students have been found during times of final exam stress. Additionally, research suggests that dietary supplementation of nitric oxide may have beneficial cardiovascular effects which may offset the physiological consequences of stress. This research study explores the effects of a dietary supplement on immunity, mood, cardiovascular and respiratory function during and following final exam stress. In this study, investigators monitor changes in respiratory infection incidence, airway nitric oxide, mood, blood pressure, and lung function in students with and without asthma during the time of final exams and a comparable time of low stress during the term. There are three assessments in the laboratory, as well as two additional brief questionnaires on separate days. During the final exam period, half of the participants are randomly assigned to the experimental group which is provided with a dietary supplement (beetroot juice drink) of which they are asked to take one dose every day in the morning for seven days. The three assessments periods include two during the week of final exams and one during a period of low stress scheduled up to two weeks to two months before that time. For the final exam period, the first of the two sessions takes place on the day before the second of these exams, and the second assessment takes place on a subsequent day after second exam. A follow-up assessment of cold symptoms takes place online 7 days after the final exam period.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTBeetroot Juice Group
Beetroot juice drink- 7 daily doses (70 ml, containing 0.4-0.5 mg nitrate) taken over a week
Sponsors
Southern Methodist University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 50 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Lung healthy or physician diagnosis of asthma * Undergraduate student with at least 3 final examinations
Exclusion criteria
* Current smoker * History of seizures * History of stroke * History of heart attack or heart disease * History of thyroid problems * History of head injury or neurological disorder * Diabetes * Any kind of lung disease (other than asthma) * Corticosteroids within the past month * Antibiotics within the past month
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Cold Symptoms | Non-stress assessment 2 weeks to 2 months before final exams, 2 assessments during the week of final exams (once the day before participants' 2nd final exam, and second on a day between 2nd and last exam); and 1 week post-exams | Changes in participant-reported cold symptoms |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Fraction of Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) | Non-stress assessment 2 weeks to 2 months before final exams, 2 assessments during the week of final exams (once the day before participants' 2nd final exam, and second on a day between 2nd and last exam); | Changes in participant's measured level of nitric oxide in exhaled air |
| Change in Blood Pressure | Non-stress assessment 2 weeks to 2 months before final exams, 2 assessments during the week of final exams (once the day before participants' 2nd final exam, and second on a day between 2nd and last exam); | Change in participant's measured systolic and diastolic blood pressure |
| Change in Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) | Non-stress assessment 2 weeks to 2 months before final exams, 2 assessments during the week of final exams (once the day before participants' 2nd final exam, and second on a day between 2nd and last exam); | Change in participant's measured FEV1 using a handheld spirometer |
| Change in Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) | Non-stress assessment 2 weeks to 2 months before final exams, 2 assessments during the week of final exams (once the day before participants' 2nd final exam, and second on a day between 2nd and last exam); | Change in participant's measured PEF using a handheld spirometer |
| Change in Negative Affect | Non-stress assessment 2 weeks to 2 months before final exams, 2 assessments during the week of final exams (once the day before participants' 2nd final exam, and second on a day between 2nd and last exam); | PANAS negative affect scale |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed