Specific Developmental Disorders of Scholastic Skills
Conditions
Brief summary
Purpose of the study: • To evaluate efficacy and safety of Tenoten for children in the treatment of specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills in children.
Detailed description
A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the study treatment. The study will enroll the school children (boys and girls) of grades 1, 2 and 3 of a regular school aged 7-9 years old (grade 1 school children will be enrolled at the beginning of the second half of the year) complaining of difficult learning classified according to ICD-10 as specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills (F81) including: * specific reading disorder (F81.0); * specific spelling disorder (F81.1); * specific disorder of arithmetical skills (F81.2); * mixed disorder of scholastic skills (F81.3); * disorder simultaneously meeting criteria of F81.2+F81.0 or F81.2+F81.1, or F81.2+F81.0+F81.1. The developmental disorders of scholastic skills will be verified by a doctor (either a neurologist or psychiatrist) according to reading, spelling, and counting tests. The children may have any concomitant diseases not considered as exclusion criteria and not requiring therapy during the following 12 weeks using the products specified in section Forbidden concomitant therapy. Specific additional educational programs should not be performed within 12 weeks after enrollment either. On signing information sheet (informed consent form) by the parent/adopter the patients will be examined by a neurologist or psychiatrist and tested for reading skills (method by L.A. Fotekova, Т.V. Akhutina, 2002;), spelling skills (method by L.A. Fotekova, Т.V. Akhutina, 2002) and counting skills (subtest No. 3 Arithmetic WISC test), and concomitant therapy will be recorded. If inclusion criteria are met and non-inclusion criteria are absent at Visit 1, the patient will be enrolled in the trial and randomized into one of the two groups: 1 tablet of Tenoten for children three times daily for 3 months (group 1) or the same dosing regimen of Placebo (group 2). At Visit 1 the parents/adopters will receive the study product for 12-week treatment period and a diary to report any potential adverse events and cases of concomitant therapy. Six weeks later (Week 6±3 days) a Phone visit (Visit 2) will be made in order to interview parents about the patient's condition, the presence/absence of concomitant diseases, adverse events. At Visit 3 (Week 12±3 days) repeated testing of reading, spelling and counting skills will be made, complaints, data on concomitant diseases, concomitant therapy, and adverse events will be collected. The investigator will evaluate the subject's compliance and fill in the Clinical Global Impression Scale to calculate Efficacy Index (CGI-EI). The patients will be allowed to take symptomatic therapy and medications for their co-morbidities during the study, except for the medicines listed in Forbidden concomitant therapy.
Interventions
Tablet for oral use.
DRUGPlacebo
Tablet for oral use.
Sponsors
Materia Medica Holding
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
7 Years to 9 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Children of either gender aged 7 to 9 years old. 2. School children of grades 1-3 (grade 1 children will be enrolled at the beginning of the second half of the year) in regular schools with state accreditation with principal educational program of elementary general education in compliance with Federal State Educational Standard of the Russian Federation. 3. Beginning of the second half of the year (only for 1st grades). 4. Specific developmental disorder of scholastic skills such as: * specific reading disorder (F81.0); * specific spelling disorder (F81.1); * specific disorder of arithmetical skills (F81.2); * mixed disorder of scholastic skills (F81.3; i.e. meeting the criteria for one of the following combinations: F81.2+F81.0, F81.2+F81.1, or F81.2+F81.0+F81.1). 5. Reading score of 15 to 35 on the Reading Skills test (L.A. Fotekova, T.V. Akhutina, 2002). 6. Spelling score of 15 to 30 on the Spelling Skills test (L.A. Fotekova, T.V. Akhutina, 2002). 7. Counting score of 5 to 15 on subtest No. 3 Arithmetic (of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children). 8. Availability of a patient information sheet (Informed Consent form) signed by the parent/adopter to confirm the child's participation in the clinical trial.
Exclusion criteria
1. History of the diseases: * Diseases of the nervous system, including * inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system; * systemic atrophies; * extrapyramidal and movement disorders; * degenerative diseases of the nervous system; * demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system; * episodic and paroxysmal disorders; * polyneuropathies; * diseases of myoneural junction and muscle; * cerebral palsy. * Congenital malformations of the nervous system (excl. Spina bifida without hydrocephalus) * Diseases and congenital malformations of the eye causing impairment of vision. * Diseases and congenital malformations of the ear causing impairment of hearing. * Organic mental disorders. * Mental retardation ranging from mild to profound. * Stuttering (stammering). * Obsessive-compulsive disorder. * Pervasive developmental disorders including: * childhood autism; * atypical autism; * Rett syndrome; * overactive disorder associated with mental retardation and stereotyped movements; * Asperger syndrome. * Phakomatoses (tuberous sclerosis, neurofibromatosis). * Postconcussional syndrome. * Hereditary metabolic diseases, including glycogen storage disease (glycogenosis), disorders of galactose metabolism (galactosemia), other disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, disorders of glycosaminoglycan metabolism (mucopolysaccharidoses), disorders of aromatic amino-acid metabolism (phenylketonuria, tyrosinemia, etc.), disorders of branched-chain amino-acid metabolism and fatty-acid metabolism (maple-syrup-urine disease), mitochondrial myopathy. * Chromosomal abnormalities. 2. Administration of the products specified in section Forbidden concomitant therapy within the previous 4 weeks. 3. Necessity in pharmacotherapy for underlying and/or concomitant disease during the following 12 weeks. 4. Acute infectious disease or exacerbation/decompensation of a disease affecting the patient's ability to participate in the trial. 5. Malignant neoplasm/suspected malignant neoplasm. 6. Allergy/intolerance to any of the components of medications used in the treatment. 7. Malabsorption syndrome including congenital or acquired lactase deficiency (or another disaccharidase deficiency), and galactosemia. 8. Mental disorders of patient's parent(s)/adopter(s). 9. Use of drugs or alcohol by the patient's parents/adopters at \> 2 alcohol units a day (1 unit of alcohol is equivalent to 0.33 L of lager/150 mL of unfortified wine, or 40 mL of Ethyl Alcohol). 10. Participation in other clinical trials in the previous 3 months. 11. Patients whose parent(s)/adopter(s), from the investigator's point of view, will fail to comply with the observation requirements of the trial or with the dose regimen of the investigational drug. 12. Patients whose parent(s)/adopter(s) are related to any of the on-site research personnel directly involved in the conduct of the trial or are an immediate relative of the study investigator. Immediate relative means husband, wife, parent, son, daughter, brother, or sister (regardless of whether they are natural or adopted). 13. Patients whose parent(s)/adopter(s) work for OOO NPF MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING (i.e., is the company's employee, temporary contract worker, or, designated officials responsible for carrying out the research or any immediate relatives of the aforementioned).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Mean Total Scholastic Skills Score (a Sum of Three Scales: Reading, Spelling, and Counting). | On Day 1 and after 12 weeks of the therapy | The total scholastic skill score is calculated based on the points for reading, spelling, and counting skills. Reading skills are estimated according to scale consisting of three subscales:reading speed, reading method/understanding, and reading accuracy. The minimum value of reading skills scale is 0 points, and the maximum value is 45 points. Spelling skills are estimated according to scale in 0, 15, 30, and 45 points. The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 45 points. Counting skills are estimated according to subtest No. 3 Arithmetic of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) in points. The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 20 points. Total scholastic skill score is a sum of three scales (reading, spelling, and counting). The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 110 points. A higher score means the best results. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Mean Reading Skills Score | On Day 1 and after 12 weeks of the therapy | Reading skills are estimated according to scale consisting of three subscales: reading speed, reading method/understanding, and reading accuracy. Students of 7 years old are invited to read the words, and students of 8-9 years old are invited to read a small text. Speed, method, and accuracy of the reading are estimated in students of 7 years old. Speed, accuracy, and understanding of the text are estimated in students of 8-9 years old. The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 45 points. A higher score meant the best results. |
| Mean Score Spelling Skills Score | On Day 1 and after 12 weeks of the therapy | Spelling skills are estimated according to scale in 0, 15, 30, and 45 points. Students of 7 years old are invited to write dictated letters, their names, and three words (mom, table, trunk), and students of 8-9 years old are invited to write a small dictation. Dysgraphic errors and their types as well as the number of non-dysgraphic errors are taken into consideration for estimation. The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 45 points. A higher score meant the best results. |
| Mean Counting Skills Score. | On Day 1 and after 12 weeks of the therapy | Counting skills are estimated according to subtest No. 3 Arithmetic of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) in points. Arithmetic subtest includes 16 tasks from elementary school arithmetic which are tackled verbally. Easiness of operating numbers, accuracy, and time spent on the tasks are estimated. Each task is rated in points (0 or 1), by the end of testing and rating for each task the sum of points (raw score) is calculated and converted into a scale score using standard tables. The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 20 points. A higher score meant the best results. |
| Percentage of Children With an Increase in Total Scholastic Skills Score (a Sum of Three Scales: Reading, Spelling, and Counting). | On Day 1 and after 12 weeks of the therapy | Percentage of children with an increase in total scholastic skills score (a sum of three scales: reading, spelling, and counting). Total scholastic skill score is a sum of three scales (reading, spelling, and counting). The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 110 points. A higher score meant the best results. The increase in total scholastic skills score means an increasing by at least 5 points compared to baseline. |
| Efficacy Index According to Clinical Global Impression Scale. | In 12 weeks of the treatment. | The Clinical Global Impression-Efficiency Index (CGI-E) scale consists of two subscales. Efficacy subscale measures efficacy of medicine based on the severity of symptoms at the end of therapy. The minimum value is 1 points, and the maximum value is 4 points. A higher score means the best results. Side effects subscale measures side effects of the medicine. The minimum value is 1 points, and the maximum value is 4 points. A higher score means the best results. The scale is filled in by the doctor at the final visit after 12 weeks of the treatment. In accordance with the results of treatment, the doctor expresses his opinion about the efficacy of the therapy and the degree of medicine safety, making marks in the appropriate columns of the table. The efficacy index is determined as intersection of columns of indicators of efficacy and side effects in the table. The minimum value is 0.25 points, and the maximum value is 4 points. A higher score means the best results. |
Countries
Russia
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Tenoten for Children Dose per administration: 1 tablet. 1 tablet three times daily (3 tablets per day). The tablets should be held in the mouth until complete dissolution, without meal.
Tenoten for children: Tablet for oral use. | 121 |
| Placebo Dose per administration: 1 tablet. 1 tablet three times daily (3 tablets per day). The tablets should be held in the mouth until complete dissolution, without meal.
Placebo: Tablet for oral use. | 116 |
| Total | 237 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Violation of inclusion criteria | 1 | 2 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Placebo | Total | Tenoten for Children |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 116 Participants | 237 Participants | 121 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 8.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.6 | 8.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.7 | 8.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.7 |
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected | — | 0 Participants | — |
| Region of Enrollment Russia | 116 participants | 237 participants | 121 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 46 Participants | 95 Participants | 49 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 70 Participants | 142 Participants | 72 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 122 | 0 / 118 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 42 / 122 | 29 / 118 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 122 | 2 / 118 |
Outcome results
Primary
Mean Total Scholastic Skills Score (a Sum of Three Scales: Reading, Spelling, and Counting).
The total scholastic skill score is calculated based on the points for reading, spelling, and counting skills. Reading skills are estimated according to scale consisting of three subscales:reading speed, reading method/understanding, and reading accuracy. The minimum value of reading skills scale is 0 points, and the maximum value is 45 points. Spelling skills are estimated according to scale in 0, 15, 30, and 45 points. The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 45 points. Counting skills are estimated according to subtest No. 3 Arithmetic of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) in points. The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 20 points. Total scholastic skill score is a sum of three scales (reading, spelling, and counting). The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 110 points. A higher score means the best results.
Time frame: On Day 1 and after 12 weeks of the therapy
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tenoten for Children | Mean Total Scholastic Skills Score (a Sum of Three Scales: Reading, Spelling, and Counting). | Baseline | 61.39 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 12.04 |
| Tenoten for Children | Mean Total Scholastic Skills Score (a Sum of Three Scales: Reading, Spelling, and Counting). | After 12 weeks | 79.94 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 18.22 |
| Placebo | Mean Total Scholastic Skills Score (a Sum of Three Scales: Reading, Spelling, and Counting). | After 12 weeks | 74.56 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 18.75 |
| Placebo | Mean Total Scholastic Skills Score (a Sum of Three Scales: Reading, Spelling, and Counting). | Baseline | 60.46 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 11.04 |
Comparison: The difference between final and initial total scholastic skill score was calculated for each participant. Wilcoxon test was used for comparison of these differences because data distribution differs from normal.p-value: 0.011395% CI: [1, 9]Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Secondary
Efficacy Index According to Clinical Global Impression Scale.
The Clinical Global Impression-Efficiency Index (CGI-E) scale consists of two subscales. Efficacy subscale measures efficacy of medicine based on the severity of symptoms at the end of therapy. The minimum value is 1 points, and the maximum value is 4 points. A higher score means the best results. Side effects subscale measures side effects of the medicine. The minimum value is 1 points, and the maximum value is 4 points. A higher score means the best results. The scale is filled in by the doctor at the final visit after 12 weeks of the treatment. In accordance with the results of treatment, the doctor expresses his opinion about the efficacy of the therapy and the degree of medicine safety, making marks in the appropriate columns of the table. The efficacy index is determined as intersection of columns of indicators of efficacy and side effects in the table. The minimum value is 0.25 points, and the maximum value is 4 points. A higher score means the best results.
Time frame: In 12 weeks of the treatment.
Population: The number of patients who have data on the CGI-EI scale is indicated.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tenoten for Children | Efficacy Index According to Clinical Global Impression Scale. | 2.36 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.87 |
| Placebo | Efficacy Index According to Clinical Global Impression Scale. | 1.98 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.83 |
p-value: 0.0012Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Secondary
Mean Counting Skills Score.
Counting skills are estimated according to subtest No. 3 Arithmetic of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) in points. Arithmetic subtest includes 16 tasks from elementary school arithmetic which are tackled verbally. Easiness of operating numbers, accuracy, and time spent on the tasks are estimated. Each task is rated in points (0 or 1), by the end of testing and rating for each task the sum of points (raw score) is calculated and converted into a scale score using standard tables. The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 20 points. A higher score meant the best results.
Time frame: On Day 1 and after 12 weeks of the therapy
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tenoten for Children | Mean Counting Skills Score. | Baseline | 11.14 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.24 |
| Tenoten for Children | Mean Counting Skills Score. | After 12 weeks | 12.26 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.8 |
| Placebo | Mean Counting Skills Score. | Baseline | 11.10 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.27 |
| Placebo | Mean Counting Skills Score. | After 12 weeks | 11.80 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.73 |
p-value: 0.239195% CI: [0, 1]Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Secondary
Mean Reading Skills Score
Reading skills are estimated according to scale consisting of three subscales: reading speed, reading method/understanding, and reading accuracy. Students of 7 years old are invited to read the words, and students of 8-9 years old are invited to read a small text. Speed, method, and accuracy of the reading are estimated in students of 7 years old. Speed, accuracy, and understanding of the text are estimated in students of 8-9 years old. The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 45 points. A higher score meant the best results.
Time frame: On Day 1 and after 12 weeks of the therapy
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tenoten for Children | Mean Reading Skills Score | Baseline | 27.69 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 6.52 |
| Tenoten for Children | Mean Reading Skills Score | After 12 weeks | 34.96 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 6.66 |
| Placebo | Mean Reading Skills Score | Baseline | 27.76 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 6.16 |
| Placebo | Mean Reading Skills Score | After 12 weeks | 33.66 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 7.7 |
p-value: 0.060895% CI: [0, 5]Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Secondary
Mean Score Spelling Skills Score
Spelling skills are estimated according to scale in 0, 15, 30, and 45 points. Students of 7 years old are invited to write dictated letters, their names, and three words (mom, table, trunk), and students of 8-9 years old are invited to write a small dictation. Dysgraphic errors and their types as well as the number of non-dysgraphic errors are taken into consideration for estimation. The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 45 points. A higher score meant the best results.
Time frame: On Day 1 and after 12 weeks of the therapy
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tenoten for Children | Mean Score Spelling Skills Score | Baseline | 22.56 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 7.53 |
| Tenoten for Children | Mean Score Spelling Skills Score | After 12 weeks | 32.73 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 13.69 |
| Placebo | Mean Score Spelling Skills Score | Baseline | 21.59 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 7.48 |
| Placebo | Mean Score Spelling Skills Score | After 12 weeks | 29.09 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 14.58 |
p-value: 0.082495% CI: [0, 0]Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Secondary
Percentage of Children With an Increase in Total Scholastic Skills Score (a Sum of Three Scales: Reading, Spelling, and Counting).
Percentage of children with an increase in total scholastic skills score (a sum of three scales: reading, spelling, and counting). Total scholastic skill score is a sum of three scales (reading, spelling, and counting). The minimum value is 0 points, and the maximum value is 110 points. A higher score meant the best results. The increase in total scholastic skills score means an increasing by at least 5 points compared to baseline.
Time frame: On Day 1 and after 12 weeks of the therapy
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Tenoten for Children | Percentage of Children With an Increase in Total Scholastic Skills Score (a Sum of Three Scales: Reading, Spelling, and Counting). | 103 Participants |
| Placebo | Percentage of Children With an Increase in Total Scholastic Skills Score (a Sum of Three Scales: Reading, Spelling, and Counting). | 80 Participants |
p-value: 0.0033Fisher Exact