Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Elafibranor in Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) and Inadequate Response to Ursodeoxycholic Acid

Relative change from baseline is in serum ALP levels at Week 12 (endpoint) were reported. Relative change from baseline is defined as percentage (%) change from baseline to endpoint.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The modified Intent-to-Treat (mITT) analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

5 dimensional (5D)-Itch Scale is a reliable, multidimensional measure of itching that has been validated in participants with chronic pruritus to detect changes over time. It consists of 5 domains: duration, degree, direction, disability, and distribution. The duration, degree and direction domains each include one item, while the disability domain has four items (sleep, leisure/social, housework/errands, work/school). All items of the first four domains were measured on a 5-point Likert scale. The distribution domain included 16 potential locations of itch, including 15 body part items (head/scalp, soles, face, palms, chest, abdomen, back, buttocks, thighs, lower legs, tops of feet/toes, tops of hands/fingers, upper arms, groin, forearms) and one point of contact with clothing or bandages. Scores of each of five domains are achieved separately and then summed together to obtain a total 5-D score. 5-D scores can potentially range between 5 (no pruritus) and 25 (most severe pruritus).

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint. Here 'N' (overall number of participants analyzed) signifies number of participants evaluable for this outcome measure.

Change from baseline in 5' nucleotidase levels at endpoint was reported. 5' nucleotidase is an enzyme used as a biomarker of hepatobiliary cholestasis and is less sensitive but more specific than GGT and ALP.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in ALT levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in albumin levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in AST levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in autotaxin levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in cholesterol levels at endpoints was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in conjugated bilirubin levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in cytokeratin-18 (M30 and M65) levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in fibrinogen levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in fibroblast growth factor-19 levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in GGT levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in haptoglobin levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in HDL-cholesterol levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in IgM levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in interleukin 6 levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in LDL-cholesterol at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 AG levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

PBC-40 QoL Questionnaire is a patient-derived, disease-specific QoL measure developed and validated for use in PBC. It consists of 9 domains with total 40 questions as: 1) digestion and diet (questions 1-3, total score range: 3-15); 2) experiences (questions 4-7, total score range: 4-20); 3) itching (questions 8-10, total score range: 3-15); 4) fatigue (questions 11-18, total score range: 8-40); 5) effort and planning (questions 19-21, total score range: 3-15); 6) memory and concentration (questions 22-27, total score range: 6-30); 7) affects you as a person (questions 28-33, total score range: 6-30); 8) affects your social life (questions 34-37, total score range: 4-20); 9) overall impact on your life (questions 38-40, total score range: 3-15). PBC-40 QoL Questionnaire has 40 questions, each scored on scale of 1-5 (1 = least impact, 5 = greatest impact). For each domain, scoring involved summing individual question response scores. Higher scores indicate poorer quality of life.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

The VAS is a reliable and validated method of pruritus assessment. The VAS is adequate in assessing the severity of the symptom; it does not take into account other aspects of pruritus, such as the relative impact of pruritus on quality of life. The VAS, for pruritus assessment, requires the participant to use abstract thought processes to convert their itch severity to a mark on a continuum. A participant draws a line anywhere on the scale ranging from 0 to 10 (where 0 represents 'no itching' and 10 represents 'worst possible itching') that best represents the severity of participant's itching and the scoring involves manual measuring of the mark with a ruler on range of 0 to 100 millimeter (mm). Higher scores indicate worse itching.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint. Here 'N' (number of participants analyzed) signifies number of participants evaluable for this outcome measure.

Change from baseline in total bile acid levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in total BIL levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in total conjugated bile acid levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in total free bile acid levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in transforming growth factor beta levels at endpoint was reported,

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in triglycerides levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Change from baseline in tumor necrosis factor levels at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

C-reactive protein level at endpoint was reported.

Time frame: Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

UK-PBC risk score at endpoint estimated that the median percentage risk that a participant treated with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) will develop liver failure requiring liver transplant in 5, 10 and 15 years. UK-PBC score was calculated at each of the 3 survivor functions 1-baseline survival function\^exp(0.0287854\*\[alpEPxuln-1.722136304\] - 0.0422873\*\[{(altastEPxuln/10)\^-1} - 8.675729006\] + 1.4199 \* \[ln{bilEPxuln /10}+2.709607778\] -1.960303\*\[albxlln -1.17673001\]-0.4161954\*\[ pltxlln -1.873564875\]). Where: Baseline survivor function=0. 982 (at 5 years); 0. 941 (at 10 years); 0.893 (at 15 years). alpEPxuln = ALP at endpoint/upper level normal ALP; altastEPxuln=(ALT, AST) at endpoint/upper level normal of the value; bilEPxuln=bilirubin at endpoint/upper level normal bilirubin; albxlln=albumin at baseline/albumin lower level normal; pltxlln=platelet count at baseline/ platelet count lower level normal.

Time frame: At Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

An adverse event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation patient administered a pharmaceutical (investigational) product and which does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. A Serious adverse event (SAE) is any untoward medical occurrence that at any dose: results in death, is life-threatening, requires inpatient hospitalization/prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, is another medically important condition. TEAEs is defined as (1) it is not present when active phase of study (time of first dose) begins and is not a chronic condition that is part of patient's medical history, or it is present at start of active phase or as part of patient's medical history, but severity/frequency increases during active phase.

Time frame: Up to Week 12

Population: The Safety Set included all randomized participants who were administered at least one dose of study medication.

Percentage of participants with response based on Paris II risk score was defined as ALP \<= 1.5 \* ULN and AST \<= 1.5 \* ULN and bilirubin within normal limits.

Time frame: At Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Percentage of participants with response based on Paris I risk score was defined as ALP less than or equal to (\<=) 3 \* ULN and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) \<= 2 \* ULN and bilirubin within normal limits.

Time frame: At Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Percentage of participants with response based on Toronto II risk scores was defined as ALP \<= 1.75 \* ULN.

Time frame: At Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Percentage of participants with response based on Toronto I risk score was defined as ALP \<= 1.67 \*ULN.

Time frame: At Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Percentage of participants with response (defined by at least 10%, 20%, and 40% decrease in ALP from baseline to Endpoint) reported.

Time frame: At Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Percentage of participants with response defined by Composite Risk Scores (ALP Less than \[\<\] 1.67 \* ULN at endpoint, Total BIL within normal limits at endpoint, and \> 15% ALP reduction from baseline to Endpoint) was reported.

Time frame: Up to Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

Percentage of participants with response defined by composite risk scores (ALP \< 2 \* ULN at endpoint, Total BIL within normal limits at endpoint, and \> 40% ALP reduction from baseline to endpoint) was reported.

Time frame: Up to Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

The response was defined by normalized ALB levels (3.5-5.2 gram per deciliter \[g/dL\] for ages 18-60 years; 3.2-4.6 g/dL for ages 61-91 years) at endpoint.

Time frame: At Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

The response was defined by normalized ALP levels (ALP ULN 105 units per liter \[U/L\] for females, 129 U/L for males) at endpoint.

Time frame: At Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.

The response was defined by normalized BIL levels (BIL ULN \<1.20 milligram per deciliter \[mg/dL\]) at endpoint.

Time frame: At Week 12 (Endpoint)

Population: The mITT analysis set included all randomized participants who received at least one study drug dose with available baseline value and at least one post baseline value for the primary endpoint.