Varlitinib in Combination With Capecitabine for Advanced or Metastatic Biliary Tract Cancer

A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study of Varlitinib Plus Capecitabine Versus Placebo Plus Capecitabine in Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Biliary Tract Cancer as Second Line Systemic Therapy

Status

Completed

Phases

Phase 2Phase 3

Study type

Interventional

Source

ClinicalTrials.gov

Registry ID

NCT03093870

Acronym

TreeTopp

Enrollment

151

Registered

2017-03-28

Start date

2017-07-04

Completion date

2020-04-17

Last updated

2021-08-03

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Biliary Tract Cancer

Keywords

Neoplasms, Biliary Tract Neoplasms, Bile Duct Neoplasms, Gallbladder Neoplasms

Brief summary

This protocol for Varlitinib is developed for the treatment of Biliary Tract Cancer. Varlitinib (also known as ASLAN001) is a small-molecule, adenosine triphosphate competitive inhibitor of the tyrosine kinases - epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2, and HER4. Varlitinib may be beneficial to subjects with cancer by simultaneous inhibition of these receptors. The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of Varlitinib in combination with capecitabine for the treatment of Biliary Tract Cancer. Treatment groups are Varlitinib+capecitabine and Placebo + capecitabine

Detailed description

Part 1 of study(Phase 2) is planned to have 120 patients and anticipated completion on July 2019. Recruitment completed. Part 2 of study(Phase 3) is planned to have 350 patients and anticipated completion on Dec 2022. Not yet recruiting.

Interventions

DRUGVarlitinib

Varlitinib:300mg, oral tablets, twice daily. Number of cycles: until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or death.

DRUGCapecitabine

1000mg/m2, oral tablets, twice daily for 2 weeks followed by a 1-week rest period in 3-week cycles. Number of cycles: until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or death.

DRUGPlacebo (for Varlitinib)

oral tablets, twice daily. Number of cycles: until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or death

Study design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Intervention model

PARALLEL

Primary purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)

Intervention model description

Treatment: protocol designed to evaluate one or more interventions for treating a disease, syndrome or condition

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

ALL

Healthy volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Subjects will be eligible for the study if they: 1. Are of or older than the legal age in the respective countries at the time when written informed consent is obtained 2. Have histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced (unresectable) or metastatic biliary tract cancer, including intrahepatic or extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), gallbladder cancer and carcinoma of Ampulla of Vater. This includes clinical diagnosis of biliary tract cancer with histological confirmation of adenocarcinoma. 3. Have received and failed one and only one prior line of systemic treatment for advanced or metastatic disease with radiologic evidence of disease progression. This prior line of systemic treatment must also contain gemcitabine 4. Have received at least 6 doses of gemcitabine containing treatment in first line (Adjuvant therapy is not regarded as 1st line therapy) 5. Have radiographically measurable disease based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) v1.1 as assessed by Independent Central Review (ICR) (For Part 1) 6. Have no evidence of biliary duct obstruction, unless obstruction is controlled by local treatment or, in whom the biliary tree can be decompressed by endoscopic or percutaneous stenting with subsequent reduction in bilirubin to below or equal to 1.5 × upper level of normal (ULN) 7. Have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 8. Are able to understand and willing to sign the informed consent form 9. Have adequate organ and hematological function: 1. Hematological function, as follows: * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 × 109/L * Platelet count ≥ 100 × 109/L 2. Renal functions, as follows: • Estimated glomerular filtration rate or creatinine clearance \> 50 mL/min/1.73m2 3. Hepatic function, as follows: * Albumin ≥ 3 g/dL * Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 × ULN * Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase ≤ 5 × ULN

Exclusion criteria

Subjects will be ineligible for the study if they: 1. Are currently on or have received anti-cancer therapy within the past 3 weeks before receiving the first dose of study medication 2. Are currently on or have received radiation or local treatment within the past 3 weeks for the target lesion(s) before receiving the first dose of study medication 3. Have evidence of multiple (≥ 2) peritoneal metastases or ascites at baseline as assessed by ICR (For Part 1). (Ascites which can be attributed by non-malignant causes is not excluded. Minimal ascites, which does not require paracentesis is permitted.) 4. Have had major surgical procedures within 14 days prior to first dose of study medication 5. Have a known metastatic brain lesion(s), including asymptomatic and well controlled lesion(s) 6. Have malabsorption syndrome, diseases significantly affecting gastrointestinal function, resection of the stomach or small bowel, or difficulty in swallowing and retaining oral medications which in the opinion of the Investigator could jeopardize the validity of the study results 7. Have uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, diabetes, hypertension, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements 8. Have any history of other malignancy unless in remission for more than 1 year (non-melanoma skin carcinoma and carcinoma-in-site of uterine cervix treated with curative intent is not exclusionary) 9. Are female patients who are pregnant or breast feeding 10. Have been previously treated with varlitinib or have been previously treated with capecitabine as first line therapy for advanced or metastatic disease. For patients who have previously received capecitabine as a radiosensitizer or as part of their adjuvant therapy and their disease has relapsed for more than 6 months after their last dose of capecitabine adjuvant therapy, their capecitabine therapy will not be considered as a line of systemic chemotherapy for metastatic/advanced disease, and thus they can participate in the study 11. Have received any investigational drug (or have used an investigational device) within the last 14 days before receiving the first dose of study medication 12. Have unresolved or unstable serious toxicity (≥ common terminology criteria for adverse events \[CTCAE\] 4.03 Grade 2), with the exception of anemia, asthenia, and alopecia, from prior administration of another investigational drug and/or prior cancer treatment 13. Have a known positive test for human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C (treatment naïve or after treatment without sustained virologic response), or hepatitis B infection with hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid exceeding 2000 IU/mL 14. Have a known history of drug addiction within last 1 year which, in the opinion of the Investigator, could increase the risk of non-compliance to investigational product 15. Need continuous treatment with proton pump inhibitors during the study period 16. Have a history of (non-infectious) pneumonitis that required steroids or current pneumonitis, or have a history of interstitial lung disease or current interstitial lung disease 17. Have any history or presence of clinically significant cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatic, renal, hematologic, gastrointestinal, endocrine, immunologic, dermatologic, neurologic or psychiatric disease or any other condition which in the opinion of the Investigator could jeopardize the safety of the patient or the validity of the study results 18. Have a baseline corrected QT interval (Fridericia's formula) (QTcF) \> 450 ms or patients with known long QT syndrome; torsade de pointes; symptomatic ventricular tachycardia; an unstable cardiac syndrome in the past 3 months before screening visit; \> class 2 New York Heart Association heart failure; or \> class 2 angina pectoris; or receiving quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide, amiodarone, dronedarone, arsenic, dofetilide, sotalol, or methadone. Please also see prohibited medication/therapy (Section 5.4.10.1)

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame	Description
Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Part 1	Data obtained up until progression, or until last evaluable assessment in the absence of progression, regardless of whether subjects discontinued treatment or received a subsequent therapy prior to progression, up to 2 years.	Part 1: The ORR was defined as the number (%) of subjects with ≥ 1 visit response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR). Data obtained up until progression, or until last evaluable assessment in the absence of progression, was included in the assessment of ORR, regardless of whether subjects discontinued treatment or received a subsequent therapy prior to progression. Best overall RECIST Response (BOR) was calculated based on the overall visit responses from each RECIST assessment, i.e. the best response a subject had following randomization and prior to RECIST progression or the last evaluable assessment in the absence of RECIST progression. Categorization of BOR was based on the RECIST criteria using the following response categories: CR, PR, stable disease (SD), progressive disease (PD) and not evaluable (NE).
Progression-free Survival (PFS) - Part 1	Time from randomization until date of objective disease progression or death (by any cause in absence of disease progression) regardless of whether subject withdrew from randomized therapy or received another antitumor therapy prior to PD, up to 2 years.	Part 1: Progression-free survival (PFS) was defined as the time from randomization (or starting treatment for the Safety Lead-in) until the date of objective disease progression or death (by any cause in the absence of disease progression) regardless of whether the subject withdrew from randomized therapy or received another antitumor therapy prior to disease progression. Subjects who did not experience disease progression or died at the time of analysis were censored at the time of the latest date of assessment from their last evaluable RECIST assessment. However, if the patient progressed or died after ≥ 2 missed visits (12 weeks ± 5 days maximum), the subject was censored at the time of the latest evaluable RECIST assessment. The PFS time was based on the scan/assessment dates rather than visit dates.

Secondary

Measure	Time frame	Description
Overall Survival (OS) - Safety Lead-In	Time from the date of randomization until death due to any cause, up to 2 years	Part 1: Overall survival (OS) was defined as the time from the date of randomization until death due to any cause. Any subject not known to have died at the time of the data cut-off was censored based on the last recorded date on which the subject was known to be alive.
Duration of Response (DoR) - Part 1	Time from the date of first documented response until the date of documented PD or death in the absence of disease progression, up to 2 years	Part 1: Duration of response (DoR) was defined as the time from the date of first documented response until the date of documented PD or death in the absence of disease progression. The end of the response should have coincided with the date of disease progression or death from any cause used for the PFS endpoint. For Part 1, DoR was calculated based on data from the ICR of radiological data.
Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1	Number (%) of subjects with ≥ 1 visit response of CR or PR, or with SD for a minimum of 12 weeks (± 5 days) from randomization.	Part 1: DCR rate was defined as the number (%) of subjects with ≥ 1 visit response of CR or PR, or with SD for a minimum of 12 weeks (± 5 days) from randomization. Data obtained up until progression, or until last evaluable assessment in the absence of progression, were included in the assessment of DCR, regardless of whether subjects discontinued treatment or received a subsequent therapy prior to progression. For all study parts, the primary assessment of DCR was based on the FAS. For Part 1, DCR was calculated based on data from the ICR
Tumor Size - Part 1	Week 12	Part 1: The percentage change from baseline in tumor size at Week 12 (%ΔTSWk12) was a secondary endpoint for Part 1 and was used to present waterfall plots of the target lesion data in the Evaluable for Response (EFR) Population
Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Laboratory Tests- Safety Lead-in	Subject screening visit to 28 days post last study drug administration	Clinical laboratory tests (hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis) - Number of Participants with Clinically Significant Laboratory Tests.
Object Response Rates (ORR) - Safety Lead-In	Data obtained up until progression, or until last evaluable assessment in absence of progression, regardless of whether subjects discontinued treatment or received a subsequent therapy prior to progression, up to 2 years.	The ORR rate was defined as the number (%) of subjects with ≥ 1 visit response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR). Data obtained up until progression, or until last evaluable assessment in the absence of progression, was included in the assessment of ORR, regardless of whether subjects discontinued treatment or received a subsequent therapy prior to progression. In all study parts, the primary assessment of ORR was based on the Full Analysis Set (FAS).
Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Change in Vital Signs and Physical Examinations - Safety Lead-In	Subject screening visit to 28 days post last study drug administration	Number of participants with clinically significant change in vital signs (blood pressure \[diastolic and systolic\], heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature) and physical examination.
Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Change in Vital Signs and Physical Examinations - Part 1	Subject screening visit to 28 days post last study drug administration	Number of participants with clinically significant change in vital signs (blood pressure \[diastolic and systolic\], heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature) and physical examination.
Number of Participants With ECG Parameters of Interest - Safety Lead-In	Subject screening visit to 28 days post last study drug administration	Number of participants with ECG parameters of interest: Max. on-treatment QTcF Value: \>450 to 480 msec, max. on-treatment QTcF Value: \>480 to 500 msec, max. on-treatment QTcF Value: \>500 msec, max. on-treatment QTcB Value: \>450 to 480 msec, max. on-treatment QTcB Value: \>480 to 500 msec, max. on-treatment QTcB Value: \>500 msec, max. QTcF CFB Value: \>30 to 60 msec, max. QTcF CFB Value: \>60 msec, max. QTcB CFB Value: \>30 to 60 msec, max. QTcB CFB Value: \>60 msec.
Number of Participants With ECG Parameters of Interest - Part 1	Subject screening visit to 28 days post last study drug administration	Number of participants with ECG parameters of interest: Max. on-treatment QTcF Value: \<=450 msec, max. on-treatment QTcF Value: \>450 to 480 msec, max. on-treatment QTcF Value: \>480 to 500 msec, max. on-treatment QTcF Value: \>500 msec, max. on-treatment QTcB Value: \<=450 msec, max. on-treatment QTcB Value: \>450 to 480 msec, max. on-treatment QTcB Value: \>480 to 500 msec, max. on-treatment QTcB Value: \>500 msec, max. QTcF CFB Value: \<=30 msec, max. QTcF CFB Value: \>30 to 60 msec, max. QTcF CFB Value: \>60 msec, max. QTcB CFB Value: \<=30 msec, max. QTcB CFB Value: \>30 to 60 msec, max. QTcB CFB Value: \>60 msec.
ECOG Performance Status - Part 1	Subject screening visit to 28 days post last study drug administration	Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance was clinically graded based on the following: Grade 0 = Normal activity. Fully active, able to carry on all pre-disease performance without restriction. Grade 1 = Symptoms, but ambulatory. Restricted in physically strenuous activity, but ambulatory and able to carry out work of a light or sedentary nature (e.g., light housework, office work). Grade 2 = In bed \< 50% of the time. Ambulatory and capable of all self-care, but unable to carry out any work activities. Up and about more than 50% of waking hours. Grade 3 = In bed \> 50% of the time. Capable of only limited self-care, confined to bed or chair more than 50% of waking hours. Grade 4 = 100% bedridden. Completely disabled. Cannot carry on any self- care. Totally confined to bed or chair. Grade 5 = Death
Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Laboratory Tests - Part 1	Subject screening visit to 28 days post last study drug administration	Clinical laboratory tests (hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis) - Number of Participants with Clinically Significant Laboratory Tests.
Overall Survival (OS) - Part 1	Time from the date of randomization until death due to any cause, up to 2 years	Part 1: Overall survival (OS) was defined as the time from the date of randomization until death due to any cause. Any subject not known to have died at the time of the data cut-off was censored based on the last recorded date on which the subject was known to be alive.

Countries

Australia, China, Hong Kong, Hungary, Japan, Poland, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Taiwan, United States

Participant flow

Recruitment details

Period 1: Safety lead-in, N=24. Period 2: Part 1, N=127

Pre-assignment details

Period 1: Safety lead-in phase had only 1 arm (Varlitinib and Capecitabine). Period 2: Part 1 phase had 2 arms (Varlitinib and Capecitabine vs Placebo and Capecitabine)

Participants by arm

Arm	Count
Varlitinib and Capecitabine - Safety Lead-In Varlitinib: Varlitinib:300mg, oral tablets, twice daily. Number of cycles: until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or death. Capecitabine: 1000mg/m2, oral tablets, twice daily for 2 weeks followed by a 1-week rest period in 3-week cycles. Number of cycles: until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or death.	24
Varlitinib and Capecitabine - Part 1 Varlitinib: Varlitinib:300mg, oral tablets, twice daily. Number of cycles: until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or death. Capecitabine: 1000mg/m2, oral tablets, twice daily for 2 weeks followed by a 1-week rest period in 3-week cycles. Number of cycles: until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or death.	64
Placebo and Capecitabine - Part 1 Placebo (for Varlitinib): oral tablets, twice daily. Number of cycles: until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or death. Capecitabine: 1000mg/m2, oral tablets, twice daily for 2 weeks followed by a 1-week rest period in 3-week cycles. Number of cycles: until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or death.	63
Total	151

Withdrawals & dropouts

Period	Reason	FG000	FG001	FG002
Overall Study	Adverse Event	7	0	0
Overall Study	Clinical disease progression	1	0	0
Overall Study	Death	1	35	35
Overall Study	Lost to Follow-up	0	0	1
Overall Study	Patient withdrew from treatment voluntarily due to intermittent constipation and anorexia	1	0	0
Overall Study	Physician Decision	2	0	0
Overall Study	Radiographic disease progression	10	0	0
Overall Study	Withdrawal by Subject	2	6	5

Baseline characteristics

Characteristic	Total	Placebo and Capecitabine - Part 1	Varlitinib and Capecitabine - Part 1	Varlitinib and Capecitabine - Safety Lead-In
Age, Continuous Part 1	62.1 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.76	62.7 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.19	61.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.39	—
Age, Continuous Safety Lead-In	58.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.68	—	—	58.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.68
BMI BMI - Part 1	24.2 kg/m^2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.6	23.8 kg/m^2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.52	24.6 kg/m^2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.69	—
BMI BMI - Safety Lead-in	36.85 kg/m^2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 58.381	—	—	36.85 kg/m^2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 58.381
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Overall Study Hispanic or Latino	6 Participants	1 Participants	1 Participants	4 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Overall Study Not Hispanic or Latino	145 Participants	62 Participants	63 Participants	20 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Overall Study Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Overall Study American Indian or Alaska Native	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Overall Study Asian	98 Participants	47 Participants	42 Participants	9 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Overall Study Black or African American	1 Participants	0 Participants	1 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Overall Study More than one race	2 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants	2 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Overall Study Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Overall Study Unknown or Not Reported	1 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants	1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Overall Study White	49 Participants	16 Participants	21 Participants	12 Participants
Region of Enrollment Australia	7 Participants	2 Participants	5 Participants	0 Participants
Region of Enrollment Hungary	4 Participants	3 Participants	1 Participants	0 Participants
Region of Enrollment Japan	28 Participants	13 Participants	15 Participants	0 Participants
Region of Enrollment Poland	4 Participants	1 Participants	3 Participants	0 Participants
Region of Enrollment Singapore	6 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants	6 Participants
Region of Enrollment South Korea	53 Participants	26 Participants	23 Participants	4 Participants
Region of Enrollment Spain	12 Participants	5 Participants	7 Participants	0 Participants
Region of Enrollment Taiwan	10 Participants	7 Participants	3 Participants	0 Participants
Region of Enrollment United States	27 Participants	6 Participants	7 Participants	14 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Part 1 Female	50 Participants	30 Participants	20 Participants	—
Sex: Female, Male Part 1 Male	77 Participants	33 Participants	44 Participants	—
Sex: Female, Male Safety Lead-In Female	13 Participants	—	—	13 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Safety Lead-In Male	11 Participants	—	—	11 Participants

Adverse events

Event type	EG000 affected / at risk	EG001 affected / at risk	EG002 affected / at risk
deaths Total, all-cause mortality	2 / 24	35 / 64	35 / 63
other Total, other adverse events	24 / 24	64 / 64	59 / 63
serious Total, serious adverse events	13 / 24	25 / 64	27 / 63

Outcome results

Primary

Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Part 1

Part 1: The ORR was defined as the number (%) of subjects with ≥ 1 visit response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR). Data obtained up until progression, or until last evaluable assessment in the absence of progression, was included in the assessment of ORR, regardless of whether subjects discontinued treatment or received a subsequent therapy prior to progression. Best overall RECIST Response (BOR) was calculated based on the overall visit responses from each RECIST assessment, i.e. the best response a subject had following randomization and prior to RECIST progression or the last evaluable assessment in the absence of RECIST progression. Categorization of BOR was based on the RECIST criteria using the following response categories: CR, PR, stable disease (SD), progressive disease (PD) and not evaluable (NE).

Time frame: Data obtained up until progression, or until last evaluable assessment in the absence of progression, regardless of whether subjects discontinued treatment or received a subsequent therapy prior to progression, up to 2 years.

Arm	Measure	Category	Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Varlitinib and Capecitabine	Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Part 1	Responders - PR	6 Participants
Varlitinib and Capecitabine	Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Part 1	Non-Responders - PD	24 Participants
Varlitinib and Capecitabine	Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Part 1	Responders - CR	0 Participants
Varlitinib and Capecitabine	Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Part 1	Non-Responders - NE	5 Participants
Varlitinib and Capecitabine	Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Part 1	Non-Responders - SD	29 Participants
Placebo and Capecitabine	Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Part 1	Non-Responders - NE	2 Participants
Placebo and Capecitabine	Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Part 1	Responders - PR	3 Participants
Placebo and Capecitabine	Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Part 1	Non-Responders - SD	34 Participants
Placebo and Capecitabine	Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Part 1	Non-Responders - PD	24 Participants
Placebo and Capecitabine	Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Part 1	Responders - CR	0 Participants

Primary

Progression-free Survival (PFS) - Part 1

Part 1: Progression-free survival (PFS) was defined as the time from randomization (or starting treatment for the Safety Lead-in) until the date of objective disease progression or death (by any cause in the absence of disease progression) regardless of whether the subject withdrew from randomized therapy or received another antitumor therapy prior to disease progression. Subjects who did not experience disease progression or died at the time of analysis were censored at the time of the latest date of assessment from their last evaluable RECIST assessment. However, if the patient progressed or died after ≥ 2 missed visits (12 weeks ± 5 days maximum), the subject was censored at the time of the latest evaluable RECIST assessment. The PFS time was based on the scan/assessment dates rather than visit dates.

Time frame: Time from randomization until date of objective disease progression or death (by any cause in absence of disease progression) regardless of whether subject withdrew from randomized therapy or received another antitumor therapy prior to PD, up to 2 years.

Arm	Measure	Value (MEDIAN)
Varlitinib and Capecitabine	Progression-free Survival (PFS) - Part 1	2.83 Months
Placebo and Capecitabine	Progression-free Survival (PFS) - Part 1	2.79 Months

Secondary

Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1

Part 1: DCR rate was defined as the number (%) of subjects with ≥ 1 visit response of CR or PR, or with SD for a minimum of 12 weeks (± 5 days) from randomization. Data obtained up until progression, or until last evaluable assessment in the absence of progression, were included in the assessment of DCR, regardless of whether subjects discontinued treatment or received a subsequent therapy prior to progression. For all study parts, the primary assessment of DCR was based on the FAS. For Part 1, DCR was calculated based on data from the ICR

Time frame: Number (%) of subjects with ≥ 1 visit response of CR or PR, or with SD for a minimum of 12 weeks (± 5 days) from randomization.

Arm	Measure	Category	Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Varlitinib and Capecitabine	Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1	Disease Control - CR	0 Participants
Varlitinib and Capecitabine	Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1	Disease Control - PR	6 Participants
Varlitinib and Capecitabine	Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1	Disease Control - SD for 12 weeks	12 Participants
Varlitinib and Capecitabine	Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1	No Disease Control - SD < 12 weeks	17 Participants
Varlitinib and Capecitabine	Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1	No Disease Control - PD	24 Participants
Varlitinib and Capecitabine	Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1	No Disease Control - NE	5 Participants
Placebo and Capecitabine	Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1	No Disease Control - PD	24 Participants
Placebo and Capecitabine	Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1	Disease Control - CR	0 Participants
Placebo and Capecitabine	Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1	No Disease Control - SD < 12 weeks	18 Participants
Placebo and Capecitabine	Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1	Disease Control - PR	3 Participants
Placebo and Capecitabine	Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1	No Disease Control - NE	2 Participants
Placebo and Capecitabine	Disease Control Rate DCR - Part 1	Disease Control - SD for 12 weeks	16 Participants

Secondary

Duration of Response (DoR) - Part 1

Part 1: Duration of response (DoR) was defined as the time from the date of first documented response until the date of documented PD or death in the absence of disease progression. The end of the response should have coincided with the date of disease progression or death from any cause used for the PFS endpoint. For Part 1, DoR was calculated based on data from the ICR of radiological data.

Time frame: Time from the date of first documented response until the date of documented PD or death in the absence of disease progression, up to 2 years

Population: Kaplan Meier median is presented for DoR. At the time of reporting, there were 3 censored observations in the V+C arm, none in the P+C arm. The observed number of responders in the trial was much lower than anticipated; 9 responders in total, 6 for varlitinib and 3 for placebo. Based on results of the primary endpoints, the follow-up analysis to provide more long-term efficacy data planned for when 70% of patients had experienced an OS event was not undertaken based on pre-specified criteria.

Arm	Measure	Value (MEDIAN)
Varlitinib and Capecitabine	Duration of Response (DoR) - Part 1	158 Days
Placebo and Capecitabine	Duration of Response (DoR) - Part 1	90 Days

Secondary

ECOG Performance Status - Part 1

Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance was clinically graded based on the following: Grade 0 = Normal activity. Fully active, able to carry on all pre-disease performance without restriction. Grade 1 = Symptoms, but ambulatory. Restricted in physically strenuous activity, but ambulatory and able to carry out work of a light or sedentary nature (e.g., light housework, office work). Grade 2 = In bed \< 50% of the time. Ambulatory and capable of all self-care, but unable to carry out any work activities. Up and about more than 50% of waking hours. Grade 3 = In bed \> 50% of the time. Capable of only limited self-care, confined to bed or chair more than 50% of waking hours. Grade 4 = 100% bedridden. Completely disabled. Cannot carry on any self- care. Totally confined to bed or chair. Grade 5 = Death