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Trial of NanoPac® in Subjects With Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Phase IIa Trial Evaluating the Safety of Intratumoral Injection of NanoPac® in Subjects With Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Status
Completed
Phases
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT03077685
Enrollment
54
Registered
2017-03-13
Start date
2017-12-01
Completion date
2023-03-15
Last updated
2024-06-24

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Keywords

pancreatic neoplasms, digestive system neoplasms, pancreatic diseases, digestive system diseases, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer

Brief summary

Open-label, dose-escalating, Phase IIa trial of NanoPac® to treat subjects with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma via direct intratumoral injection.

Detailed description

In this open-label, dose-escalating, Phase IIa trial, subjects with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma will receive intratumoral (ITU) NanoPac® (Sterile Nanoparticulate Paclitaxel) via endoscopic ultrasound-guided direct injection. Subjects will be enrolled in sequential cohorts of NanoPac® at escalating doses, at a volume based on up to 20% of calculated tumor volume (with a maximum injection volume of 5 mL per subject). During the first phase of the trial (dose escalation), each cohort will have three subjects, with cohorts enrolled sequentially starting at the lowest concentration. Following DSMB review of the cohort data, the next cohort may begin enrolling, an additional three subjects at the current dose may be enrolled, or if the first dose does not provide adequate safety and tolerability the study may be halted. The dose determined to be most suitable for further evaluation, defined as the highest dose with an acceptable safety and tolerability profile as determined by the Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB), will be the dose used in the second phase of the study which will enroll 22 additional subjects who will receive two injections of NanoPac® at the same dose one month apart. In the third phase of the study, up to 30 subjects will receive up to four injections of NanoPac at the same dose, one month apart. Plasma samples will be taken at various time points on the day of NanoPac® injection as well as once at each of the study visits, to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of ITU NanoPac®. Subjects will be followed for 12 months after NanoPac® injection for safety, overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), CA-19-9 levels, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, reduction in pain, and tumor response to therapy (as shown by imaging).

Interventions

Subjects with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma will receive intratumoral (ITU) NanoPac® (Sterile Nanoparticulate Paclitaxel) via endoscopic ultrasound-guided direct injection.

Sponsors

US Biotest, Inc.
CollaboratorINDUSTRY
NanOlogy, LLC
Lead SponsorINDUSTRY

Study design

Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE

Intervention model description

Open-label, dose-escalating, Phase IIa trial.

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

* Signed informed consent; * Age ≥18 years; * Histologically/cytologically confirmed locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma; at least one lesion with a diameter of at least 1.5 cm but no more than 6 cm as documented via imaging (within 6 weeks of Screening); * Subject not a candidate for surgery; * Completion of at least one standard of care IV chemotherapy course for subjects in the dose escalation phase of the study. IV chemotherapy will be initiated prior to first NanoPac injection for subjects in the second and third phases. Hematologic recovery must be confirmed prior to study entry; * Performance Status (ECOG) 0-1 at study entry; * Life expectancy of at least 3 months; * Adequate marrow, liver, and renal function at study entry: * ANC ≥ 1.5 x 109/L * Hemoglobin ≥ 9.5 grams/dL * Platelets ≥ 75 x 109/L * Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5x institutional ULN * AST/ ALT ≤ 2.5x institutional ULN * Creatinine ≤ 1.5x institutional ULN * Effective contraception if the risk of conception exists.

Exclusion criteria

* Thrombotic or embolic events; * Acute or subacute intestinal occlusion; * History of inflammatory bowel disease; * Known hypersensitivity to study drugs; * Known drug or alcohol abuse; * Pregnant or breastfeeding women; * Previous or concurrent history of non-pancreatic malignancy except for non-melanoma skin cancer.

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Number of Subjects With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and Tolerability)Up to Week 24 for Dose Escalation subjects; up to Week 28 for Second Phase subjects; up to 9 Months for Third Phase subjects.Treatment Emergent Adverse Events will include laboratory assessments, physical examination findings, and vital signs.

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Target Tumor AssessmentWeek 24Response was determined using RECIST 1.1 parameters (complete response, partial response, stable disease, progressive disease, unevaluable) for the treated lesion in all groups.
Plasma Paclitaxel Concentration (pg/mL)Day 1 and Week 24Plasma paclitaxel concentrations were analyzed in the dose escalation phase on Day 1 prior to injection and at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours after NanoPac injection, as well as at all other study visits. In the second and third phases, plasma paclitaxel concentrations were analyzed on Day 1 prior to NanoPac injection, and at 1 and 2 hours post NanoPac injection on all injection occasions, and at all study visits.
Pain (Visual Analog Scale) ScoreDay 1 (pre-injection) and Week 24The visual analog scale (VAS) ranks pain from numbers 0 (no pain) to 10 (most pain). Lower scores mean a better outcome.
Serum CA19-9 LevelDay 1 (Pre-Injection) and Week 24CA19-9 is a tumor marker for pancreatic cancer. Serum CA19-9 levels were assessed at all study visits.
Serum CEA LevelsDay 1 (Pre-Injection) and Week 24Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor marker for pancreatic cancer.

Countries

United States

Participant flow

Participants by arm

ArmCount
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mL
Intratumorally injected NanoPac® 6 mg/mL at a volume of up to 20% tumor volume via endoscopic ultrasound-guided direct injection.
3
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mL
Intratumorally injected NanoPac® 10 mg/mL at a volume of up to 20% tumor volume via endoscopic ultrasound-guided direct injection.
3
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mL
Intratumorally injected NanoPac® 15 mg/mL at a volume of up to 20% tumor volume via endoscopic ultrasound-guided direct injection.
4
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mL
Intratumorally injected NanoPac® 15 mg/mL at a volume of up to 20% tumor volume via endoscopic ultrasound-guided direct injection. Subjects receive two NanoPac® administrations, with the second injection administered one month after the first injection.
25
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mL
Intratumorally injected NanoPac® 15 mg/mL at a volume of up to 20% tumor volume via endoscopic ultrasound-guided direct injection. Subjects receive up to four NanoPac® administrations, with injections administered one month apart.
19
Total54

Withdrawals & dropouts

PeriodReasonFG000FG001FG002FG003FG004
Overall StudyDeath00113
Overall StudyDisease Progression10021
Overall StudyLost to Follow-up00001
Overall StudyPhysician Decision00103
Overall StudySubject entered hospice care00001
Overall StudyWithdrawal by Subject00021
Overall StudyWithdrawn to proceed to surgery00011

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicThird Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTotalSecond Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLDose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLDose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLDose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mL
Age, Continuous71.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.19
68.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.74
65.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.08
72.0 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.56
71.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.08
64.0 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
4 Participants7 Participants0 Participants1 Participants1 Participants1 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
15 Participants47 Participants25 Participants3 Participants2 Participants2 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants6 Participants4 Participants1 Participants1 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
1 Participants2 Participants1 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
18 Participants46 Participants20 Participants3 Participants2 Participants3 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
19 participants54 participants25 participants4 participants3 participants3 participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
10 Participants22 Participants11 Participants0 Participants0 Participants1 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
9 Participants32 Participants14 Participants4 Participants3 Participants2 Participants

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
EG002
affected / at risk
EG003
affected / at risk
EG004
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
0 / 30 / 31 / 41 / 253 / 19
other
Total, other adverse events
3 / 33 / 34 / 423 / 2519 / 19
serious
Total, serious adverse events
1 / 32 / 33 / 413 / 258 / 19

Outcome results

Primary

Number of Subjects With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and Tolerability)

Treatment Emergent Adverse Events will include laboratory assessments, physical examination findings, and vital signs.

Time frame: Up to Week 24 for Dose Escalation subjects; up to Week 28 for Second Phase subjects; up to 9 Months for Third Phase subjects.

ArmMeasureCategoryValue (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLNumber of Subjects With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and Tolerability)Number of subjects with at least one TEAE3 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLNumber of Subjects With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and Tolerability)Number of subjects without any TEAE0 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLNumber of Subjects With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and Tolerability)Number of subjects without any TEAE0 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLNumber of Subjects With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and Tolerability)Number of subjects with at least one TEAE3 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLNumber of Subjects With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and Tolerability)Number of subjects without any TEAE0 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLNumber of Subjects With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and Tolerability)Number of subjects with at least one TEAE4 Participants
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLNumber of Subjects With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and Tolerability)Number of subjects with at least one TEAE23 Participants
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLNumber of Subjects With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and Tolerability)Number of subjects without any TEAE2 Participants
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLNumber of Subjects With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and Tolerability)Number of subjects without any TEAE0 Participants
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLNumber of Subjects With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and Tolerability)Number of subjects with at least one TEAE19 Participants
Secondary

Pain (Visual Analog Scale) Score

The visual analog scale (VAS) ranks pain from numbers 0 (no pain) to 10 (most pain). Lower scores mean a better outcome.

Time frame: Day 1 (pre-injection) and Week 24

Population: Pain measured with VAS was not available for all subjects at all timepoints. For the Day 1 Pre-Injection timepoint, there was one subject in the 6 mg/mL dose escalation group for whom VAS was not available. For the Week 24 timepoint, there was one subject in the 6 mg/mL dose escalation group, three in the 15 mg/mL dose escalation group, 12 in the second phase, and 9 in the third phase for whom VAS data was not available.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLPain (Visual Analog Scale) ScoreWeek 245.3 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 3.18
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLPain (Visual Analog Scale) ScoreDay 1 (Pre-Injection)0 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 0
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLPain (Visual Analog Scale) ScoreDay 1 (Pre-Injection)0 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 0
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLPain (Visual Analog Scale) ScoreWeek 240.8 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.44
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLPain (Visual Analog Scale) ScoreDay 1 (Pre-Injection)5.5 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 4.12
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLPain (Visual Analog Scale) ScoreWeek 245.0 units on a scale
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLPain (Visual Analog Scale) ScoreDay 1 (Pre-Injection)1.2 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.41
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLPain (Visual Analog Scale) ScoreWeek 241.7 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.53
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLPain (Visual Analog Scale) ScoreWeek 241.1 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.23
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLPain (Visual Analog Scale) ScoreDay 1 (Pre-Injection)0.8 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.42
Secondary

Plasma Paclitaxel Concentration (pg/mL)

Plasma paclitaxel concentrations were analyzed in the dose escalation phase on Day 1 prior to injection and at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours after NanoPac injection, as well as at all other study visits. In the second and third phases, plasma paclitaxel concentrations were analyzed on Day 1 prior to NanoPac injection, and at 1 and 2 hours post NanoPac injection on all injection occasions, and at all study visits.

Time frame: Day 1 and Week 24

Population: Not all subjects had data at all timepoints. On Day 1, data available for one subject in dose escalation 6 mg/mL, none in 10 mg/mL, and one in 15 mg/mL; second phase, six subjects; third phase three subjects. At Week 24, data available for one subject in dose escalation 6 mg/mL, none in 10 mg/mL, none in 15 mg/mL; second phase, eight subjects; third phase five subjects. Forty subjects received concomitant IV chemotherapy while on study; of these, 14 received concomitant taxane therapy.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLPlasma Paclitaxel Concentration (pg/mL)Day 1 Pre-Injection62.1 pg/mL
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLPlasma Paclitaxel Concentration (pg/mL)Week 2430 pg/mL
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLPlasma Paclitaxel Concentration (pg/mL)Day 1 Pre-Injection304 pg/mL
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLPlasma Paclitaxel Concentration (pg/mL)Week 245017.8 pg/mLStandard Deviation 12139.23
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLPlasma Paclitaxel Concentration (pg/mL)Day 1 Pre-Injection5497.0 pg/mLStandard Deviation 11887.04
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLPlasma Paclitaxel Concentration (pg/mL)Day 1 Pre-Injection17347.7 pg/mLStandard Deviation 27686.44
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLPlasma Paclitaxel Concentration (pg/mL)Week 2463.2 pg/mLStandard Deviation 60.16
Secondary

Serum CA19-9 Level

CA19-9 is a tumor marker for pancreatic cancer. Serum CA19-9 levels were assessed at all study visits.

Time frame: Day 1 (Pre-Injection) and Week 24

Population: Missing CA19-9 data for Day 1: dose escalation 6 mg/mL two subjects; second phase two subjects; third phase three subjects. Missing CA19-9 data for Week 24: dose escalation 6 mg/mL one subject; dose escalation 15 mg/mL two subjects; second phase 10 subjects; third phase nine subjects.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLSerum CA19-9 LevelWeek 245476 U/mLStandard Deviation 6396.49
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLSerum CA19-9 LevelDay 1 - Pre-Injection248 U/mL
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLSerum CA19-9 LevelWeek 2449.3 U/mLStandard Deviation 60.3
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLSerum CA19-9 LevelDay 1 - Pre-Injection24 U/mLStandard Deviation 24
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLSerum CA19-9 LevelDay 1 - Pre-Injection2958 U/mLStandard Deviation 4749
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLSerum CA19-9 LevelWeek 246179 U/mLStandard Deviation 5402.3
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLSerum CA19-9 LevelDay 1 - Pre-Injection952 U/mLStandard Deviation 2171
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLSerum CA19-9 LevelWeek 24141.6 U/mLStandard Deviation 184.03
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLSerum CA19-9 LevelWeek 241222.6 U/mLStandard Deviation 3126
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLSerum CA19-9 LevelDay 1 - Pre-Injection198 U/mLStandard Deviation 362
Secondary

Serum CEA Levels

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor marker for pancreatic cancer.

Time frame: Day 1 (Pre-Injection) and Week 24

Population: Missing CEA data for Day 1: dose escalation 6 mg/mL one subject; second phase two subjects; third phase two subjects. Missing CEA data for Week 24: dose escalation 6 mg/mL one subject; dose escalation 15 mg/mL three subjects; second phase 11 subjects; third phase nine subjects.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLSerum CEA LevelsWeek 244.55 ug/LStandard Deviation 2.758
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLSerum CEA LevelsDay 1 - Pre-Injection1.65 ug/LStandard Deviation 0.778
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLSerum CEA LevelsWeek 2453.33 ug/LStandard Deviation 84.577
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLSerum CEA LevelsDay 1 - Pre-Injection27.1 ug/LStandard Deviation 41.57
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLSerum CEA LevelsDay 1 - Pre-Injection4.58 ug/LStandard Deviation 1.68
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLSerum CEA LevelsWeek 2410.3 ug/L
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLSerum CEA LevelsDay 1 - Pre-Injection5.17 ug/LStandard Deviation 3.163
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLSerum CEA LevelsWeek 245.49 ug/LStandard Deviation 3.291
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLSerum CEA LevelsDay 1 - Pre-Injection6.69 ug/LStandard Deviation 5.976
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLSerum CEA LevelsWeek 2413.04 ug/LStandard Deviation 16.718
Secondary

Target Tumor Assessment

Response was determined using RECIST 1.1 parameters (complete response, partial response, stable disease, progressive disease, unevaluable) for the treated lesion in all groups.

Time frame: Week 24

ArmMeasureCategoryValue (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentProgressive Disease1 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentComplete Response0 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentNot evaluable1 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentPartial Response0 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 6 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentStable Disease1 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentProgressive Disease2 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentStable Disease0 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentNot evaluable0 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentPartial Response1 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 10 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentComplete Response0 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentStable Disease1 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentPartial Response0 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentComplete Response0 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentProgressive Disease0 Participants
Dose Escalation: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentNot evaluable3 Participants
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentComplete Response0 Participants
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentProgressive Disease1 Participants
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentNot evaluable10 Participants
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentStable Disease12 Participants
Second Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentPartial Response2 Participants
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentStable Disease2 Participants
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentNot evaluable9 Participants
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentProgressive Disease5 Participants
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentComplete Response0 Participants
Third Phase: NanoPac® 15 mg/mLTarget Tumor AssessmentPartial Response3 Participants

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 9, 2026