Kidney Failure, Chronic, Malnutrition, Olfaction Disorders, Taste Disorders
Conditions
Brief summary
Malnutrition is an important complication of advanced kidney disease and impairment in smell and taste may affect nutritional status. This study will examine the association between impairment in smell and taste and nutritional and functional markers among patients with end stage renal disease, as well as risk factors for smell and taste impairment.
Detailed description
People with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at risk for malnutrition, which is associated with significantly increased mortality. Impairments in olfaction and taste are under-recognized and under-addressed symptoms that affect this population. Olfaction and taste influence appetite and nutritional status and represent a unique target for study and intervention. Small cross-sectional studies have shown a higher prevalence of olfactory (up to 56%) and taste disturbances (up to 35%) among patients with CKD compared with the general population, but little is known about longitudinal change in olfaction and taste in this population. Additionally, there is a lack of understanding about why these sensory disturbances more commonly occur in people with CKD, although there is speculation that uremia may contribute. This information gained from this study will address these gaps in knowledge by studying longitudinal changes in olfaction and taste and their associations with concurrent and future nutritional and functional status. Additionally this study will attempt to identify potentially modifiable risk factors associated with olfactory and taste impairment.
Interventions
OTHERWorsening of olfaction from enrollment visit to 6 months
Worsening of olfaction from enrollment visit to 6 months will be evaluated for association with the primary and secondary outcomes
OTHERWorsening of taste from enrollment visit to 6 months
Worsening of taste from enrollment visit to 6 months will be evaluated for association with the primary and secondary outcomes
OTHERSerum Zinc
Serum zinc will be evaluated for association with taste and/or smell impairment
OTHERChronic rhinosinusitis
Chronic rhinosinusitis will be evaluated for association with smell impairment
OTHERDialysis adequacy
Dialysis adequacy will be evaluated for association with taste and/or smell impairment
OTHERDecayed missing filled teeth index (DMFT)
DMFT will be evaluated for association with taste impairment
Sponsors
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Aged 18 or older * End-stage renal disease requiring chronic dialysis
Exclusion criteria
* Known allergy to quinine * Presence of a pacemaker or internal defibrillator * Pregnancy or breastfeeding
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| change in lean body mass | from 6 months to 1 year | lean body mass will be determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| change in the physical function score | from 6 months to 1 year | measured by Standard-Form 36 version 2 |
| change in hand grip strength | from 6 months to 1 year | measured by dynamometer |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| change in serum cholesterol | from 6 months to 1 year | change in serum cholesterol |
| change in serum albumin | from 6 months to 1 year | change in serum albumin |
| change in dietary intake | from 6 months to 1 year | measured by a food frequency questionnaire |
| change in anthropometric measures | from 6 months to 1 year | triceps skinfold thickness, mid arm circumference, and weight |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed