Clinical Trial, Feedback, Psychological, Substance Abuse
Conditions
Brief summary
This research will adapt an evidence based intervention for alcohol and other drugs and evaluate its efficacy on Prescription Stimulant Medication (PSM) misuse in a web-based format for use with college students who have misused PSMs.
Detailed description
This project proposes to evaluate the efficacy of Screening and Brief Interventions (SBIs) for reducing college students' PSM misuse through two different routes of screening and intervention across 9 colleges and universities spanning the United States. The research will consist of studies designed to 1) conduct focus groups to refine feedback materials (Study 1); 2) Conduct screening through the Registrar's student lists and implement a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a web-based PSM intervention at all sites (Study 2); and 3) Evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic using the Study 2 sample on non-medical use of prescription stimulants, prescription opiates, alcohol use, marijuana use, and other substances during the COVID-19 pandemic, and understand motives, access, mental health impacts, and college student and young adult experiences during this unprecedented 12 months. Study 1 consists of conducting up to 5 focus groups of 8-12 people to elicit feedback regarding the Personalized Feedback Tool and make refinements prior to carrying out Study 2. In Study 2, students from 9 college campuses are screened for past year PSM misuse. Those meeting study criteria are invited to complete a web-based baseline survey and are randomized to either receive the web-based personalized feedback intervention (PFI) or to assessment only control. Participants complete follow-up assessments at 6 and 12 months post-baseline to evaluate intervention efficacy. The investigators hypothesize that participants who receive the PFI will reduce PSM misuse assessed at 6 and 12 month follow-ups. The investigators further expect reductions in perceived benefits of PSM and perceived descriptive norms for PSM, and increases in use of alternative behaviors to support academic success, and expect these changes will mediate impacts on PSM use at follow-ups. Secondary effects of the intervention on alcohol and marijuana use are also anticipated, and these reductions are expected to partially mediate PSM outcomes. Finally, PSM motives and demographics as potential moderators of intervention efficacy will also be explored. Lastly, in February of 2021, we received approval to modify the aims for Study 3 to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic using the Study 2 sample. In an already consented, recruited, and well-characterized sample of high-risk young adults reporting poly-substance use (Study 2 participants, n=843), Study 3 aimed to describe changes in non-medical use of prescription stimulants, prescription opiates, alcohol use, marijuana use, and other substances during the COVID-19 pandemic, and understand motives, access, mental health impacts, and college student and young adult experiences during this unprecedented 12 months. Specifically, we intend to evaluate changes pre- and post-pandemic in non-medical use of PSM, non-medical use of prescription opioid medications (POM), alcohol use, and marijuana use, as well as mood utilizing Study 2 baseline and follow-up data, controlling for intervention condition and time since last assessment. We also will evaluate student status and living arrangement as moderators. The investigators hypothesize: (1) Young adults will report less PSM and less POM during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic assessments, in part due to reduced ease of access and a change in motives for use; (2) Given previous findings that academic motives were 8 of the 9 most frequently endorsed reasons for PSM, and given perceptions that a move to virtual learning has been less academically challenging, we hypothesize that academic motives for PSM will decrease significantly during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic; (3) Those no longer in school will report less PSM and less POM during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic. (4) Those living at home will have decreased alcohol and marijuana use compared to pre-pandemic. Among those reporting current student status at the time of the new survey, we will be able to evaluate changes in motives for use, access, and academic pressure from baseline to present.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALWeb-based PFI
A web-based 5 component Personalized Feedback Tool covering content on: 1) Stimulants, 2) Marijuana, 3) PSM and unwanted effects, 4) Academics, and 5) Alcohol.
BEHAVIORALAssessment Only
The Assessment Only condition receives assessment on substance use, health behaviors, and academic behaviors at baseline, 6 month follow-up, and 12 month follow-up.
Sponsors
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
University of Washington
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 25 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Study 1 Inclusion Criteria: * Provides consent to participate * Currently enrolled as a student at one of the participating campuses * Between 18-25 year olds * Misuse of prescription stimulants in the past year Study 1
Exclusion criteria
* There are no
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Past 6 Month Prescription Stimulant Use Consequence Questionnaire | 6 and 12 month follow-up | Assesses negative consequences associated with prescription stimulant misuse over the previous 6 months. A score of 0 indicates that a given consequence did not occur and a score of 1 indicates that it did occur. Items were summed to create a scale summary score of overall number of unique consequences that occurred in the past 6 months (min=0, max=19). Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
| Change in Past 6 Month Medical Misuse of Prescription Stimulant Medication | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | Assesses past 6 month medical misuse of prescription stimulant medication. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
| Change in Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) - Stimulants Only | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | Measures past 3 month non-medical use of prescription stimulants and associated negative consequences. Items were summed to create a scale summary score where higher values indicated more problematic use in the past 3 months (min=0, max=40). Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
| Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | Assesses problematic use of tobacco, alcohol, prescription, and illicit drugs over the past year and 3 months. Response options included: 0= Never, 1= Less than Monthly, 2= Monthly, 3= Weekly, 4= Daily or Almost Daily. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
| Change in Past 6 Month Non-Medical Use of Prescription Stimulant Medication Frequency | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | Assesses frequency of non-medical use of prescription stimulant medications. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Frequency of Past Month Alcohol Consumption | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | Assesses frequency (days) of alcohol consumption over the past month (min=0, max=31). Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
| Change in Typical Quantity in Standard Drinks Consumed on a Typical Occasion in the Past Month | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | Assesses typical drinking quantity in standard drinks of alcohol consumed during a typical drinking occasion over the past month. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
| Change in Past 6 Month Rutgers Marijuana Problem Index | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | Measures negative marijuana-related consequences experienced over the past 6 months. A score of 0 indicates that a given consequence did not occur and a score of 1 indicates that it did occur. Items were summed to create a scale summary score of overall number of unique consequences that occurred in the past 6 months (min=0, max=26). Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
| Change in Peak Quantity of Alcohol Consumed in Past Month | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | Assesses quantity in standard drinks of peak drinking episode of alcohol consumption over the past month. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
| Change in Past 6 Month Daily Drinking Questionnaire | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | Assesses typical alcohol consumption over the course of a typical week. Responses for number of drinks consumed each day of a typical week were summed to create a summary score of total number of drinks consumed over a typical week. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
| Change in Past 6 Month Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | Measures negative alcohol-related consequences experienced over the past 6 months. A score of 0 indicates that a given consequence did not occur and a score of 1 indicates that it did occur. Items were summed to create a scale summary score of overall number of unique consequences that occurred in the past 6 months (min=0, max=26). Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
| Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | Items measure typical frequency of marijuana use and number of days used in the past year, 6 months, and 30 days. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Past 6 Month Relapse Prevention/Protective Behaviors Scale | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | Measures the use of relapse prevention strategies and protective behaviors related to stimulant medication misuse. A score of 0 indicates that a given strategy did not occur and a score of 1 indicates that it did occur. Items were summed to create a scale summary score of overall number of unique relapse prevention/protective behavior strategies that occurred in the past 6 months (min=0, max=28). Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
| Change in Cumulative and Last Semester/Quarter Grade Point Average (GPA) | 6 and 12 month follow-up | Participants report their cumulative and previous semester/quarter GPA. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
| Change in Current Semester/Quarter Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | A 19-item abbreviated version of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire was used to measures the use of different types of learning strategies and academic motivations during the current semester/quarter. Response options ranged from 1=Not at all true of me to 7=Very true of me. Mean scale scores were computed and change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
| Change in Past Year Prescription Stimulant Norms Rating Form | Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months | Assesses the perceived percentage of students who have misused prescription stimulant medication in the past year. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline). |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI Participants randomized to the web-based PFI in Study 2 receive a 5 component Personalized Feedback Tool. The first component is presented immediately after the baseline survey and a link to each of the remaining 4 components is sent to participants spaced 1 to 2 weeks apart. The PFI components cover: 1) Stimulants, 2) Marijuana, 3) PSM and unwanted effects, 4) Academics, and 5) Alcohol. Each component is comprised of personalized feedback presented in text and graphic format, and each component includes links to tips for making changes if and when the participant is contemplating or ready to commit to change. These tips include general relapse prevention strategies, as well as information about the importance of regular class attendance, study habits, and sleep habits for academic success. General educational tips/strategies for time management, as well as tips for initiating behavior change are also included. Each component takes approximately 5-10 minutes to review.
Web-based PFI: A web-based 5 component Personalized Feedback Tool covering content on: 1) Stimulants, 2) Marijuana, 3) PSM and unwanted effects, 4) Academics, and 5) Alcohol. | 414 |
| Assessment Only The Assessment Only group receives assessment on substance use, health behaviors, and academic behaviors at baseline, 6-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up in Study 2.
Assessment Only: The Assessment Only condition receives assessment on substance use, health behaviors, and academic behaviors at baseline, 6 month follow-up, and 12 month follow-up. | 429 |
| Total | 843 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 63 | 46 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Web-Based PFI | Assessment Only | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 45 Participants | 31 Participants | 76 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 369 Participants | 398 Participants | 767 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 19.82 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.12 | 19.95 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.05 | 19.88 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.09 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 46 Participants | 41 Participants | 87 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 366 Participants | 388 Participants | 754 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 2 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 2 Participants | 3 Participants | 5 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 81 Participants | 88 Participants | 169 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 21 Participants | 16 Participants | 37 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 31 Participants | 32 Participants | 63 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 1 Participants | 3 Participants | 4 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 15 Participants | 11 Participants | 26 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 263 Participants | 276 Participants | 539 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 414 participants | 429 participants | 843 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 258 Participants | 248 Participants | 506 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 156 Participants | 181 Participants | 337 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 414 | 0 / 429 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 414 | 0 / 429 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 414 | 0 / 429 |
Outcome results
Primary
Change in Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) - Stimulants Only
Measures past 3 month non-medical use of prescription stimulants and associated negative consequences. Items were summed to create a scale summary score where higher values indicated more problematic use in the past 3 months (min=0, max=40). Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) - Stimulants Only | Change in ASSIST score at 6 month follow up | -1.420 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 4.59 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) - Stimulants Only | Change in ASSIST score at 12 month follow up | -1.26 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 5.35 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) - Stimulants Only | Change in ASSIST score at 6 month follow up | -1.08 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 5.02 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) - Stimulants Only | Change in ASSIST score at 12 month follow up | -1.19 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 5.24 |
Comparison: Change in ASSIST Score over time: 6 month follow upp-value: 0.15195% CI: [-0.4295, 0.0663]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Changes in ASSIST scores at 12 month follow upp-value: 0.64295% CI: [-0.3133, 0.1931]Mixed Models Analysis
Primary
Change in Past 6 Month Medical Misuse of Prescription Stimulant Medication
Assesses past 6 month medical misuse of prescription stimulant medication. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: These analyses were limited to individuals who reported a diagnosis of ADHD (n=62).
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Medical Misuse of Prescription Stimulant Medication | 6 Month Follow-up | -.30 Usage days | Standard Deviation 0.72 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Medical Misuse of Prescription Stimulant Medication | 12 Month Follow-up | -.19 Usage days | Standard Deviation 0.74 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Medical Misuse of Prescription Stimulant Medication | 6 Month Follow-up | -.03 Usage days | Standard Deviation 0.62 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Medical Misuse of Prescription Stimulant Medication | 12 Month Follow-up | -.07 Usage days | Standard Deviation 0.66 |
Comparison: Change in Medical Misuse of Prescription Stimulant Medication Among those with ADHD Diagnosis from Baseline to 6 Month Followupp-value: 0.60395% CI: [-1.12, 0.65]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Medical Misuse of Prescription Stimulant Medication Among those with ADHD Diagnosis from Baseline to 12 Month Followupp-value: 0.46595% CI: [-1.238, 0.566]Mixed Models Analysis
Primary
Change in Past 6 Month Non-Medical Use of Prescription Stimulant Medication Frequency
Assesses frequency of non-medical use of prescription stimulant medications. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: Change in past 6 month number of days of nonmedical prescription stimulant use.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Non-Medical Use of Prescription Stimulant Medication Frequency | 6 Month Follow-up | -2.04 Usage days | Standard Deviation 5.72 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Non-Medical Use of Prescription Stimulant Medication Frequency | 12 Month Follow-up | -1.03 Usage days | Standard Deviation 7.91 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Non-Medical Use of Prescription Stimulant Medication Frequency | 6 Month Follow-up | -1.72 Usage days | Standard Deviation 6.88 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Non-Medical Use of Prescription Stimulant Medication Frequency | 12 Month Follow-up | -.38 Usage days | Standard Deviation 11.45 |
Comparison: Changes from Baseline to 6 Month Follow-up Outcomes reported in this section.p-value: 0.0395% CI: [-0.446, -0.023]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Changes from Baseline to 12 Month Follow-up reported in this section.p-value: 0.16495% CI: [-0.36, 0.061]Mixed Models Analysis
Primary
Change in Past 6 Month Prescription Stimulant Use Consequence Questionnaire
Assesses negative consequences associated with prescription stimulant misuse over the previous 6 months. A score of 0 indicates that a given consequence did not occur and a score of 1 indicates that it did occur. Items were summed to create a scale summary score of overall number of unique consequences that occurred in the past 6 months (min=0, max=19). Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: 6 and 12 month follow-up
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Prescription Stimulant Use Consequence Questionnaire | Change in consequence score at 6 months | -1.27 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.8 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Prescription Stimulant Use Consequence Questionnaire | Change in consequence score at 12 months | -0.92 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 4.15 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Prescription Stimulant Use Consequence Questionnaire | Change in consequence score at 6 months | -1.07 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.65 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Prescription Stimulant Use Consequence Questionnaire | Change in consequence score at 12 months | -1.11 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 4.16 |
Comparison: Change in consequence score at 6 month follow upp-value: 0.07495% CI: [-0.4566, 0.0213]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in consequence score at 12 month follow upp-value: 0.35195% CI: [-0.3612, 0.1282]Mixed Models Analysis
Primary
Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool)
Assesses problematic use of tobacco, alcohol, prescription, and illicit drugs over the past year and 3 months. Response options included: 0= Never, 1= Less than Monthly, 2= Monthly, 3= Weekly, 4= Daily or Almost Daily. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Tobacco Use at 12 Month Followup | 0.15 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.35 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Alcohol Use at 12 Month Followup | -.90 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.81 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Other Drug Use at 12 Month Followup | -.17 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.25 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Other Drug Use at 6 Month Followup | -.16 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.14 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use at 6 Month Followup | -.26 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.87 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Stimulant Use at 12 Month Followup | -.09 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.66 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Tobacco Use at 6 Month Followup | -.04 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.59 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use at 12 Month Followup | -.3 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.97 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Tobacco Use at 12 Month Followup | -.05 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.61 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Heroin Use at 12 Month Followup | .01 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.28 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Marijuana Use at 6 Month Followup | -.12 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.76 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Alcohol Use at 6 Month Followup | -.12 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.9 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Marijuana Use at 12 Month Followup | -.06 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.8 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use at 6 Month Followup | -.01 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.26 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Stimulant Use at 6 Month Followup | -.02 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.58 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Alcohol Use at 6 Month Followup | -.05 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.78 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Heroin Use at 6 Month Followup | .01 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.26 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Alcohol Use at 12 Month Followup | -.09 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.89 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use at 12 Month Followup | .04 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.41 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Tobacco Use at 6 Month Followup | -.03 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.22 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use at 12 Month Followup | -.03 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.36 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Tobacco Use at 6 Month Followup | .06 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.98 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Tobacco Use at 12 Month Followup | 0.15 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.18 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Alcohol Use at 6 Month Followup | -.02 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.83 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use at 12 Month Followup | -.28 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.92 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Alcohol Use at 6 Month Followup | -.1 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.8 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Alcohol Use at 12 Month Followup | -.19 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.92 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Stimulant Use at 12 Month Followup | -.11 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.7 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Heroin Use at 12 Month Followup | -.01 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.15 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use at 6 Month Followup | -.04 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.35 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Alcohol Use at 12 Month Followup | -.1 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.93 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Other Drug Use at 6 Month Followup | -.18 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.08 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Other Drug Use at 12 Month Followup | -.22 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.22 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 12 Month Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use at 6 Month Followup | -.24 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.91 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Tobacco Use at 6 Month Followup | 0 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.53 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Tobacco Use at 12 Month Followup | .01 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.56 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Marijuana Use at 6 Month Followup | -.04 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.77 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Marijuana Use at 12 Month Followup | -.09 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.87 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Stimulant Use at 6 Month Followup | -.08 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.61 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse Brief Screen/Assessment Tool (TAPS Tool) | Change in Past 3 Month Heroin Use at 6 Month Followup | .01 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.15 |
Comparison: Change in Past 12 Month Tobacco Use from Baseline to 6 Month Followupp-value: 0.48695% CI: [-0.227, 0.108]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 12 Month Tobacco Use from Baseline to 12 Month Followupp-value: 0.94295% CI: [-0.16, 0.172]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 12 Month Alcohol Use from Baseline to 6 Month Followupp-value: 0.55295% CI: [-0.18, 0.097]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 12 Month Alcohol Use from Baseline to 12 Month Followupp-value: 0.60895% CI: [-0.104, 0.177]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 12 Month Other Drug Use from Baseline to 6 Month Followupp-value: 0.8495% CI: [-0.13, 0.16]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 12 Month Other Drug Use from Baseline to 12 Month Followupp-value: 0.92795% CI: [-0.142, 0.155]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 12 Month Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use from Baseline to 6 Month Followupp-value: 0.93295% CI: [-0.244, 0.223]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 12 Month Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use from Baseline to 12 Month Followupp-value: 0.64895% CI: [-0.3, 0.187]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 3 Month Tobacco Use from Baseline to 6 Month Followupp-value: 0.70295% CI: [-0.363, 0.245]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 3 Month Tobacco Use from Baseline to 12 Month Followupp-value: 0.52495% CI: [-0.408, 0.208]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 3 Month Alcohol Use from Baseline to 6 Month Followupp-value: 0.91395% CI: [-0.137, 0.153]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 3 Month Alcohol Use from Baseline to 12 Month Followupp-value: 0.67695% CI: [-0.117, 0.181]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 3 Month Marijuana Use from Baseline to 6 Month Followupp-value: 0.71295% CI: [-0.223, 0.152]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 3 Month Marijuana Use from Baseline to 12 Month Followupp-value: 0.95695% CI: [-0.186, 0.197]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 3 Month Stimulant Use from Baseline to 6 Month Followupp-value: 0.44695% CI: [-0.234, 0.531]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 3 Month Stimulant Use from Baseline to 12 Month Followupp-value: 0.79395% CI: [-0.353, 0.462]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 3 Month Heroin Use from Baseline to 6 Month Followupp-value: 0.99995% CI: [-2.005, 2.003]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 3 Month Heroin Use from Baseline to 12 Month Followupp-value: 0.39795% CI: [-1.312, 3.31]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 3 Month Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use from Baseline to 6 Month Followupp-value: 0.30395% CI: [-0.419, 1.349]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in Past 3 Month Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use from Baseline to 12 Month Followupp-value: <0.0595% CI: [0.128, 1.751]Mixed Models Analysis
Secondary
Change in Frequency of Past Month Alcohol Consumption
Assesses frequency (days) of alcohol consumption over the past month (min=0, max=31). Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Frequency of Past Month Alcohol Consumption | Change in past month frequency alcohol at 6 months | -1.21 Usage days | Standard Deviation 4.94 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Frequency of Past Month Alcohol Consumption | Change in past month alcohol frequency at 12 months | -1.04 Usage days | Standard Deviation 5.63 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Frequency of Past Month Alcohol Consumption | Change in past month frequency alcohol at 6 months | -1.61 Usage days | Standard Deviation 5.45 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Frequency of Past Month Alcohol Consumption | Change in past month alcohol frequency at 12 months | -1.30 Usage days | Standard Deviation 6.36 |
Comparison: Change in past month alcohol frequency at 6 month follow-upp-value: 0.44795% CI: [-0.0615, 0.1395]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in past month alcohol frequency at 12 month follow-upp-value: 0.44395% CI: [-0.0619, 0.1414]Mixed Models Analysis
Secondary
Change in Past 6 Month Daily Drinking Questionnaire
Assesses typical alcohol consumption over the course of a typical week. Responses for number of drinks consumed each day of a typical week were summed to create a summary score of total number of drinks consumed over a typical week. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Daily Drinking Questionnaire | Change in DDQ score at 12 months | -2.81 Number of drinks | Standard Deviation 8.6 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Daily Drinking Questionnaire | Change in DDQ score at 6 months | -2.09 Number of drinks | Standard Deviation 6.92 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Daily Drinking Questionnaire | Change in DDQ score at 12 months | -2.07 Number of drinks | Standard Deviation 8.59 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Daily Drinking Questionnaire | Change in DDQ score at 6 months | -2.11 Number of drinks | Standard Deviation 7.22 |
Comparison: Change in DDQ score at 6 monthsp-value: 0.96695% CI: [-0.0936, 0.0978]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in DDQ score at 12 month follow-upp-value: 0.26595% CI: [-0.1542, 0.0424]Mixed Models Analysis
Secondary
Change in Past 6 Month Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index
Measures negative alcohol-related consequences experienced over the past 6 months. A score of 0 indicates that a given consequence did not occur and a score of 1 indicates that it did occur. Items were summed to create a scale summary score of overall number of unique consequences that occurred in the past 6 months (min=0, max=26). Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index | Change in RAPI score at 6 month follow up | -1.66 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 5.06 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index | Change in RAPI score at 12 month follow up | -1.47 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 5.71 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index | Change in RAPI score at 6 month follow up | -1.42 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 4.44 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index | Change in RAPI score at 12 month follow up | -1.21 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 4.94 |
Comparison: Change in RAPI count at 6 month follow-upp-value: 0.86895% CI: [-0.1633, 0.1378]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in RAPI count at 12 month follow-upp-value: 0.57395% CI: [-0.1993, 0.1102]Mixed Models Analysis
Secondary
Change in Past 6 Month Rutgers Marijuana Problem Index
Measures negative marijuana-related consequences experienced over the past 6 months. A score of 0 indicates that a given consequence did not occur and a score of 1 indicates that it did occur. Items were summed to create a scale summary score of overall number of unique consequences that occurred in the past 6 months (min=0, max=26). Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Rutgers Marijuana Problem Index | Change in RMPI count at 6 month follow up | -0.81 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 6.13 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Rutgers Marijuana Problem Index | Change in RMPI count at 12 month follow up | -0.81 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 6 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Rutgers Marijuana Problem Index | Change in RMPI count at 6 month follow up | -0.66 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 5.53 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Rutgers Marijuana Problem Index | Change in RMPI count at 12 month follow up | -1.01 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 6.2 |
Comparison: Change in RMPI count at 6 month follow-upp-value: 0.48795% CI: [-0.1569, 0.0747]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in RMPI count at 12 month follow-upp-value: 0.77295% CI: [-0.1021, 0.1375]Mixed Models Analysis
Secondary
Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency
Items measure typical frequency of marijuana use and number of days used in the past year, 6 months, and 30 days. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency | Change in past month marijuana use at 12 month follow-up | -0.53 Usage days | Standard Deviation 8.56 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency | Change in past 6 month marijuana use at 12 month follow-up | 2.22 Usage days | Standard Deviation 41.52 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency | Change in past month marijuana use at 6 month follow-up | -0.07 Usage days | Standard Deviation 7.22 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency | Change in past year marijuana use at 12 month follow up | 3.90 Usage days | Standard Deviation 84 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency | Change in past 6 month marijuana use at 6 month follow-up | 0.49 Usage days | Standard Deviation 36.58 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency | Change in past year marijuana use at 6 month follow up | 2.22 Usage days | Standard Deviation 72.74 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency | Change in past 6 month marijuana use at 6 month follow-up | 1.69 Usage days | Standard Deviation 34.04 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency | Change in past year marijuana use at 12 month follow up | 0.35 Usage days | Standard Deviation 87.6 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency | Change in past 6 month marijuana use at 12 month follow-up | -0.57 Usage days | Standard Deviation 42 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency | Change in past month marijuana use at 6 month follow-up | 0.00 Usage days | Standard Deviation 7.33 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency | Change in past month marijuana use at 12 month follow-up | -0.39 Usage days | Standard Deviation 8.47 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past Year, 6 Month, and 30 Day Marijuana Use Frequency | Change in past year marijuana use at 6 month follow up | 3.60 Usage days | Standard Deviation 66.67 |
Comparison: Change in past month marijuana use at 6 month follow-upp-value: 0.65495% CI: [-0.2102, 0.132]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in past 12 month marijuana use at 6 month follow-upp-value: 0.26695% CI: [-0.2484, 0.0685]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Past 12 month marijuana use at 12 month follow-upp-value: 0.81695% CI: [-0.1859, 0.1465]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in past 6 month marijuana use at 6 month follow-upp-value: 0.20995% CI: [-0.2639, 0.0577]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in past 6 month marijuana use at 12 month follow-upp-value: 0.94495% CI: [-0.1729, 0.1608]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in past month marijuana use at 12 month follow-upp-value: 0.48195% CI: [-0.2444, 0.1152]Mixed Models Analysis
Secondary
Change in Peak Quantity of Alcohol Consumed in Past Month
Assesses quantity in standard drinks of peak drinking episode of alcohol consumption over the past month. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Peak Quantity of Alcohol Consumed in Past Month | Change in peak standard drink total at 12 months | -1.26 standard drinks | Standard Deviation 3.82 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Peak Quantity of Alcohol Consumed in Past Month | Change in peak alcohol standard drink total at 6 months | -0.94 standard drinks | Standard Deviation 3.71 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Peak Quantity of Alcohol Consumed in Past Month | Change in peak alcohol standard drink total at 6 months | -1.23 standard drinks | Standard Deviation 4.14 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Peak Quantity of Alcohol Consumed in Past Month | Change in peak standard drink total at 12 months | -1.48 standard drinks | Standard Deviation 4.53 |
Comparison: Change in peak alcohol quantity at 6 months (reported by number of standard drinks)p-value: 0.25595% CI: [-0.032, 0.1197]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in peak alcohol quantity (reported in standard drinks) at 12 month follow-upp-value: 0.42895% CI: [-0.0463, 0.1092]Mixed Models Analysis
Secondary
Change in Typical Quantity in Standard Drinks Consumed on a Typical Occasion in the Past Month
Assesses typical drinking quantity in standard drinks of alcohol consumed during a typical drinking occasion over the past month. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Typical Quantity in Standard Drinks Consumed on a Typical Occasion in the Past Month | Change in past month typical quantity at 6 months | -1.47 standard drinks | Standard Deviation 3.82 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Typical Quantity in Standard Drinks Consumed on a Typical Occasion in the Past Month | Change in past month typical quantity at 12 months | -1.90 standard drinks | Standard Deviation 4.16 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Typical Quantity in Standard Drinks Consumed on a Typical Occasion in the Past Month | Change in past month typical quantity at 6 months | -1.40 standard drinks | Standard Deviation 3.89 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Typical Quantity in Standard Drinks Consumed on a Typical Occasion in the Past Month | Change in past month typical quantity at 12 months | -1.57 standard drinks | Standard Deviation 4.42 |
Comparison: Change in past month alcohol typical quantity at 6 monthsp-value: 0.99795% CI: [-0.1066, 0.107]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in past month typical alcohol quantity at 12 month follow-upp-value: 0.80895% CI: [-0.1236, 0.0963]Mixed Models Analysis
Other Pre-specified
Change in Cumulative and Last Semester/Quarter Grade Point Average (GPA)
Participants report their cumulative and previous semester/quarter GPA. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: 6 and 12 month follow-up
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Cumulative and Last Semester/Quarter Grade Point Average (GPA) | Change in cumulative GPA at 6 month follow up | 0.01 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.21 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Cumulative and Last Semester/Quarter Grade Point Average (GPA) | Change in last term GPA at 12 month follow-up | 0.05 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.5 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Cumulative and Last Semester/Quarter Grade Point Average (GPA) | Change in cumulative GPA at 12 month follow-up | 0.02 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.26 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Cumulative and Last Semester/Quarter Grade Point Average (GPA) | Change in last term GPA at 6 month follow-up | 0.05 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.45 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Cumulative and Last Semester/Quarter Grade Point Average (GPA) | Change in last term GPA at 12 month follow-up | 0.24 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.48 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Cumulative and Last Semester/Quarter Grade Point Average (GPA) | Change in last term GPA at 6 month follow-up | 0.01 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.45 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Cumulative and Last Semester/Quarter Grade Point Average (GPA) | Change in cumulative GPA at 12 month follow-up | 0.03 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.24 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Cumulative and Last Semester/Quarter Grade Point Average (GPA) | Change in cumulative GPA at 6 month follow up | -0.002 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.2 |
Comparison: Change in cumulative grade point average at 6 month follow upp-value: 0.91495% CI: [-0.1161, 0.104]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in cumulative grade point average at 12 month follow upp-value: 0.87195% CI: [-0.1202, 0.1018]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in last term GPA at 6 month follow-upp-value: 0.95795% CI: [-0.1063, 0.1124]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in last term GPA at 12 month follow-upp-value: 0.99295% CI: [-0.1098, 0.1109]Mixed Models Analysis
Other Pre-specified
Change in Current Semester/Quarter Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ)
A 19-item abbreviated version of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire was used to measures the use of different types of learning strategies and academic motivations during the current semester/quarter. Response options ranged from 1=Not at all true of me to 7=Very true of me. Mean scale scores were computed and change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Current Semester/Quarter Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) | Change in MSLQ score at 6 month follow up | -0.10 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.07 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Current Semester/Quarter Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) | Change in MSLQ score at 12 month follow up | -0.01 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.06 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Current Semester/Quarter Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) | Change in MSLQ score at 6 month follow up | -0.08 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.95 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Current Semester/Quarter Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) | Change in MSLQ score at 12 month follow up | -0.1 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.09 |
Comparison: Change in MSLQ score at 6 month follow-upp-value: 0.74395% CI: [-0.1096, 0.0782]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in MSLQ score at 12 month follow upp-value: 0.78495% CI: [-0.0816, 0.1081]Mixed Models Analysis
Other Pre-specified
Change in Past 6 Month Relapse Prevention/Protective Behaviors Scale
Measures the use of relapse prevention strategies and protective behaviors related to stimulant medication misuse. A score of 0 indicates that a given strategy did not occur and a score of 1 indicates that it did occur. Items were summed to create a scale summary score of overall number of unique relapse prevention/protective behavior strategies that occurred in the past 6 months (min=0, max=28). Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Relapse Prevention/Protective Behaviors Scale | Change in PBS count at 6 month follow up | -0.32 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 6.03 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past 6 Month Relapse Prevention/Protective Behaviors Scale | Change in PBS count at 12 month follow up | -0.77 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 7.36 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Relapse Prevention/Protective Behaviors Scale | Change in PBS count at 6 month follow up | -1.40 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 6.62 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past 6 Month Relapse Prevention/Protective Behaviors Scale | Change in PBS count at 12 month follow up | -1.30 Score on a scale | Standard Deviation 6.8 |
Comparison: Change in PBS count at 6 month follow upp-value: 0.07595% CI: [-0.0131, 0.2702]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in PBS count at 12 month follow upp-value: 0.20795% CI: [-0.0517, 0.2388]Mixed Models Analysis
Other Pre-specified
Change in Past Year Prescription Stimulant Norms Rating Form
Assesses the perceived percentage of students who have misused prescription stimulant medication in the past year. Change was calculated from two time points as the value at the later time point minus the value at the earlier time point (e.g., value at 6 months minus value at baseline and the value at 12 months minus the value at baseline).
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months, Baseline and 12 months
Population: Difference in number analyzed by condition are due to differences in follow-up participation rates and/or items skipped by participants.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past Year Prescription Stimulant Norms Rating Form | Change in perceived norm (in perceived past year days of use) at 6 month | -9.29 Percentage | Standard Deviation 19.37 |
| Web-Based PFI | Change in Past Year Prescription Stimulant Norms Rating Form | Change in perceived norm (in perceived past year days of use) at 12 month | -11.10 Percentage | Standard Deviation 20.99 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past Year Prescription Stimulant Norms Rating Form | Change in perceived norm (in perceived past year days of use) at 6 month | -4.11 Percentage | Standard Deviation 20.44 |
| Assessment Only | Change in Past Year Prescription Stimulant Norms Rating Form | Change in perceived norm (in perceived past year days of use) at 12 month | -6.36 Percentage | Standard Deviation 18.5 |
Comparison: Change in perceived norm (in perceived days of use in past year) at 6 month follow upp-value: <0.00195% CI: [-0.2525, -0.0683]Mixed Models Analysis
Comparison: Change in perceived norm (perceived number of days of use in past year) at 12 month follow upp-value: <0.00395% CI: [-0.2404, -0.0478]Mixed Models Analysis