Non-Diabetic Disorder of Endocrine Pancreas
Conditions
Keywords
Glucose tolerance, MTNR1B, nutrigenomics, Food timing
Brief summary
The purpose of this investigation is to assess in a community-based cohort of late-night eaters the effect of coincident food intake and endogenous melatonin on glycemic control, and the putative interaction effect of melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B) genetic variation on this relationship. With the results from this study, the investigators expect to advance in the understanding of the role of endogenous melatonin on glucose metabolism in late night eaters and carriers of the MTNR1B risk allele, with potential implications on the guidelines to mitigate risk of type 2 diabetes in late night eaters and carriers of the MTNR1B risk allele.
Detailed description
Late-night dinner eating is associated with increased risk for type-2-diabetes. The underlying mechanism is unclear. One explanatory hypothesis is that the concurrence of elevated circulating melatonin and high glucose concentrations (characterizing late-eating) leads to impaired glucose-tolerance. However, to date, no study has tested the influence of physiological melatonin concentrations on glucose tolerance. The discovery of melatonin receptor MTNR1B as a diabetes risk gene provides evidence for a role of physiological levels of melatonin in glucose control. The aim of the current study is to test the hypothesis that the concurrence of meal timing with elevated endogenous melatonin concentrations results in impaired glucose control and that this effect is stronger in homozygous MTNR1B risk carriers than in non-carriers. To do so we will test glucose tolerance using identical mixed meals under two dinner conditions: a) delayed dinner or Late Eating (LE): starting1 hour before usual bed time, b) advanced dinner or Early Eating (EE): starting 4 hours before habitual bed time, in a randomized, cross-over study design. These findings could support a clinical application for the screening of this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the possibility of implementing tailored and cost-effective behavioral interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes in vulnerable populations. These goals will be achieved through a specific approach: • Interventional (randomized, cross-over controlled trials) (Aim 1): To study the potential interaction between meal timing (dinner) and genetic variants MTNR1B for glucose tolerance.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALDinner timing
Glucose tolerance after a late diner (1 hour before habitual bedtime) differs from early dinner (4 hours before habitual bedtime) due to the concurrence of meal timing with different levels of endogenous melatonin. This effect can be different among risk allele carriers (G) or non-rick allele carriers (C) of the MTNR1B.
Sponsors
Universidad de Murcia
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Body Mass Index: \>19 kg/m2 * Age: \>18 years of age * Caucasian
Exclusion criteria
* Receiving treatment with thermogenic, lipogenic, or contraceptive drugs * Diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, hepatic diseases, or cancer diagnosis * Bulimia diagnosis, prone to binge eating * Undergoing treatment with anxiolytic or antidepressant drugs
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Area Under the Curve (AUC) glucose | between 0-120 minutes, Visit 2 and 3 | Investigators will measure glucose levels for 120 minutes at day time and night time visits, and compare the results by genotype at selected loci. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Fasting glucose | between 0-120 minutes, Visit 2 and 3 |
| Saliva Melatonin | between 0-120 minutes, Visit 2 and 3 |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | total of 2 weeks between Visit 1 and 3 | Macronutrient and micronutrient intake will be computed from 14-days of self-reported 24-hr dietary record. |
| Sleep Duration | total of 2 weeks between Visit 1 and 3 | Sleep duration will be computed from self-reported. |
| Chronotype | at baseline | Assessed using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). |
| Dietary Intake Timing | total of 2 weeks between Visit 1 and 3 | Food timing will be self-reported and averaged across 14-days of 24-hr dietary record. |
| Light Exposure | total of 2 weeks between Visit 1 and 3 | Measured using Pendant G Acceleration Data Logger. |
| Total Energy Intake | total of 2 weeks between Visit 1 and 3 | Total energy intake in kcal/day will be computed from 14-day 24-hr dietary record. |
Countries
Spain
Outcome results
None listed