Smoking
Conditions
Keywords
Smoker, Former smoker
Brief summary
To determine whether glucobrassicin-rich Brussels sprouts can favorably modify the metabolism of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon deuterated phenanthrene (\[D10\]phe) in current and former smokers
Detailed description
Subjects will be given 1 microgram of \[D10\]phe, and all urine will be collected for 6 h afterwards to quantify baseline levels of \[D10\]phenanthrene tetraol (\[D10\]pheT) and \[D10\]phenanthrols (\[D10\]HOP). Within 3 days of this baseline measurement, subjects will consume 200 micromoles of glucobrassicin in the form of raw Brussels sprouts (\ 200-300 grams) at the study center once daily for 7 consecutive days. Urine will be collected for 24 h after vegetable consumption on days 3 ± 1 and 6 of the feeding intervention for 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) quantification. On day 7 of the feeding intervention, a second dose of 1 microgram of \[D10\]phe will be administered at the study center after vegetable consumption, followed by another 6 h urine collection.
Interventions
OTHERBrussel Sprouts
Subjects are given \ 150 g of Brussels sprouts once daily for 7 consecutive days.
Subjects are given 1 microgram of deuterated phenanthrene \[D10\]phe at baseline and after 7 days of Brussels sprout consumption. Urine is collected for 6 hours after each dose.
Sponsors
Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 99 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Adult ≥ 18 years old * Current or former smoker by self-report * Willing to abstain from cruciferous vegetable consumption other than the study vegetable during the study period * Able to understand the experimental nature of the study and provide informed consent * Negative urine pregnancy test for women of childbearing potential within 7 days of baseline \[D10\]phe dosing
Exclusion criteria
* Chronic proton pump inhibitor, H2-blocker (i.e., ranitidine, famotidine), and/or calcium carbonate use * History of gastric bypass surgery, gastric banding, bowel resection, malabsorption syndromes such as celiac sprue or pancreatic insufficiency, or other conditions that may affect gastric absorption * Current use of tobacco products other than cigarettes (i.e. snuff, snuz, smokeless tobacco, cigars, pipes) or use of these products within 3 months of study registration * Major or chronic medical disease, including heart disease, poorly controlled diabetes, etc., to be adjudicated by the principal investigator * Women who are pregnant, intend to become pregnant within 3 months of the study period, or who are breastfeeding * Current or recent (within 12 months) problems with drug use or alcohol dependence by self-report Antibiotic use within 2 months of study enrollment or during the study by self-report Alcohol dependence, abuse, or history of dependence/abuse by self-report Vegetarians * History of respiratory tract cancer * Use of metronidazole or antabuse during the study * Taking ibuprofen, naproxen, other NSAIDs, steroids (except inhaled steroids) within 14 days of study registration * Allergy to Brussels sprouts
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in [D10]phenanthrene tetraol | 7 days | Compare level of urinary \[D10\]phenanthrene tetraol before and after 7 days of Brussels sprout consumption. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in [D10]phenanthrols | 7 days | Compare level of urinary \[D10\]phenanthrene phenanthrols before and after 7 days of Brussels sprout consumption. |
| Change in [D10]phenanthrene tetraol:[D10]phenanthrol ratio | 7 days | Compare level of urinary \[D10\]phenanthrene phenanthrols before and after 7 days of Brussels sprout consumption. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Urinary 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) | Day 3 and Day 6 | Urinary DIM will be quantified after Brussels sprout consumption on day 3 and day 6 of the feeding intervention for urinary DIM quantification |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed