Clostridium Difficile Infection
Conditions
Brief summary
The primary purpose of this clinical investigation is to verify the performance of the GenePOC CDiff test on the GenePOC instrument. This will be achieved by comparing the GenePOC CDiff test to the Toxigenic Culture (TC) and cell cytotoxicity neutralisation assay (CCNA), a conventional method considered as gold standard for detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in stool specimens.
Detailed description
The GenePOC CDiff test performed on the GenePOC™ instrument is a qualitative in vitro diagnostic (IVD) test that utilizes automated sample preparation and real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR) to detect the toxin B (tcdB) gene of toxigenic Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) in unformed (liquid or soft) stool specimens obtained from patients suspected of having C. difficile infection (CDI). The GenePOC CDiff system comprises the GenePOC instrument and the GenePOC CDiff test, which consists of: 1. Transfer Loop (TL) 2. CDiff disposable microfluidic cartridges (PIE) (described in this document as PIEs because of the shape of the cartridge) 3. CDiff Sample Buffer Tube (SBT) 4. Disposable Transfer Tool (DTT). The GenePOC Instrument is fully automated and integrates sample lysis, dilution, amplification and detection of the target sequence in complex samples using real-time Polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR). User intervention is only required for discharging the patient sample into the SBT (sample Buffer Tube), transferring the sample into the PIE and for loading/unloading the PIEs into the instrument. The GenePOC instrument consists of a rotor to spin the PIEs, temperature control, fluorescence detection, a tactile user-friendly interface, two barcode readers, and integrated firmware and software to deliver results to the user. The PIE is a closed system that prevents the risk of contamination. An unformed (soft or liquid) stool specimen is collected using standard stool collection device. Using a disposable 5µL inoculating loop (transfer loop) dipped into the homogenized stool specimen, stool material is transferred into SBT and vortexed. Sample is then transferred to the GenePOC CDiff PIE. The GenePOC CDiff PIE is then automatically processed by the GenePOC Instrument. On completion of a run, the user removes the processed PIEs from the instrument and discards them according to local biological waste management procedures. One GenePOC instrument per site will be allocated. The purpose of the clinical investigation is to enroll sufficient specimens from up to 7 Clinical Centers to obtain a total of 150 specimens positive for CDiff based on the Reference Method final result. Subject Informed consent is not required for this clinical trial as the testing will be performed on excess de-identified specimens only.
Interventions
Stool specimen will be tested with the GenePOC CDiff test on the GenePOC Instrument. The results will be compared to Reference Method defined as direct and enriched culture method for observation of a toxigenic Clostridium difficile strain.
Sponsors
Meridian Bioscience, Inc.
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Unformed Stool specimens from patients suspected of having CDI for whom diagnostic tests are indicated and ordered; * At least 1.25mL of unformed stool specimen (defined as specimen assuming the shape of its container); * Only one (1) specimen per patient will be included in the study; * Materials use within their expiration date; * Transport, storage times, and conditions (e.g. room temperature and/or refrigerated) within requested indications.
Exclusion criteria
* Specimens from patients for whom CDI diagnostic tests have not been ordered; * Transport and storage times and conditions that exceed these Study Protocol requirements; * Formed or hard stool specimens or rectal swabs.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Performance Characteristics : Clinical Sensitivity (True Positive Rate) and Clinical Specificity (True Negative Rate) in Comparison to the Reference Method | At the time of the results with Reference Method is confirmed, up to 3 months | To establish the performance characteristics of the GenePOC CDiff System for its use in determining the presence of CDiff in liquid/unformed stool specimen obtained from patients suspected of having C. difficile infection (CDI). Sensitivity will be established as the proportion of positives that are correctly identified by the GenePOC CDiff System, when compared to the Reference Method. Specificity will be established as the proportion of negatives that are correctly identified by the GenePOC CDiff System, when compared to the Reference Method. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Positive and Negative Predictive Values (PPV and NPV) | At the time of the results with Reference Method is confirmed, up to 3 months | To estimate the Positive and Negative Predictive Values (PPV and NPV) of the GenePOC CDiff System. PPV is the percentage of true positives out of all positive results (true positive/true positive + false positive). NPV is the percentage of true negatives out of all negative results (true negative/true negative +false negative.). |
| Unresolved Sample Results | At the time of the results with Reference Method is confirmed, up to 3 months | To estimate the rate of unresolved results for the GenePOC CDiff System due to Sample Processing control failure (unresolved sample results). |
| Indeterminate Sample Results | At the time of the results with Reference Method is confirmed, up to 3 months | To estimate the rate of indeterminate results for the GenePOC CDiff Test due to an Instrument failure (indeterminate sample results). |
Countries
Canada, United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Accuracy Testing - Fresh Specimen Comparison between GenePOC PCR and Reference Method
Comparison between GenePOC PCR and Reference Method: Fresh Stool specimen will be tested with the GenePOC CDiff test on the GenePOC Instrument. The results will be compared to Reference Method defined as direct and enriched culture method for observation of a toxigenic Clostridium difficile strain. | 797 |
| Accuracy Testing - Frozen Specimen Comparison between GenePOC PCR and Reference Method
Comparison between GenePOC PCR and Reference Method: Frozen Stool specimen will be tested with the GenePOC CDiff test on the GenePOC Instrument. The results will be compared to Reference Method defined as direct and enriched culture method for observation of a toxigenic Clostridium difficile strain. | 1,664 |
| Total | 2,461 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Accuracy Testing - Fresh Specimen | Accuracy Testing - Frozen Specimen | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 34 Participants | 80 Participants | 114 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 364 Participants | 784 Participants | 1148 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 399 Participants | 800 Participants | 1199 Participants |
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected | — | — | 0 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment Canada | 79 participants | 0 participants | 79 participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 718 participants | 1664 participants | 2382 participants |
| Sex/Gender, Customized All Genders | — | — | 0 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 2,461 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 2,461 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 2,461 |
Outcome results
Primary
Performance Characteristics : Clinical Sensitivity (True Positive Rate) and Clinical Specificity (True Negative Rate) in Comparison to the Reference Method
To establish the performance characteristics of the GenePOC CDiff System for its use in determining the presence of CDiff in liquid/unformed stool specimen obtained from patients suspected of having C. difficile infection (CDI). Sensitivity will be established as the proportion of positives that are correctly identified by the GenePOC CDiff System, when compared to the Reference Method. Specificity will be established as the proportion of negatives that are correctly identified by the GenePOC CDiff System, when compared to the Reference Method.
Time frame: At the time of the results with Reference Method is confirmed, up to 3 months
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy Testing - Fresh Specimen | Performance Characteristics : Clinical Sensitivity (True Positive Rate) and Clinical Specificity (True Negative Rate) in Comparison to the Reference Method | Sensitivity | 95.5 percentage of specimens |
| Accuracy Testing - Fresh Specimen | Performance Characteristics : Clinical Sensitivity (True Positive Rate) and Clinical Specificity (True Negative Rate) in Comparison to the Reference Method | Specificity | 93.4 percentage of specimens |
| Accuracy Testing - Frozen Specimen | Performance Characteristics : Clinical Sensitivity (True Positive Rate) and Clinical Specificity (True Negative Rate) in Comparison to the Reference Method | Sensitivity | 95.2 percentage of specimens |
| Accuracy Testing - Frozen Specimen | Performance Characteristics : Clinical Sensitivity (True Positive Rate) and Clinical Specificity (True Negative Rate) in Comparison to the Reference Method | Specificity | 95.3 percentage of specimens |
Secondary
Indeterminate Sample Results
To estimate the rate of indeterminate results for the GenePOC CDiff Test due to an Instrument failure (indeterminate sample results).
Time frame: At the time of the results with Reference Method is confirmed, up to 3 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Accuracy Testing - Fresh Specimen | Indeterminate Sample Results | 1.6 percentage of Indeterminates |
| Accuracy Testing - Frozen Specimen | Indeterminate Sample Results | 1.5 percentage of Indeterminates |
Secondary
Positive and Negative Predictive Values (PPV and NPV)
To estimate the Positive and Negative Predictive Values (PPV and NPV) of the GenePOC CDiff System. PPV is the percentage of true positives out of all positive results (true positive/true positive + false positive). NPV is the percentage of true negatives out of all negative results (true negative/true negative +false negative.).
Time frame: At the time of the results with Reference Method is confirmed, up to 3 months
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy Testing - Fresh Specimen | Positive and Negative Predictive Values (PPV and NPV) | PPV | 82.0 percentage of specimens |
| Accuracy Testing - Fresh Specimen | Positive and Negative Predictive Values (PPV and NPV) | NPV | 96.8 percentage of specimens |
| Accuracy Testing - Frozen Specimen | Positive and Negative Predictive Values (PPV and NPV) | PPV | 83.1 percentage of specimens |
| Accuracy Testing - Frozen Specimen | Positive and Negative Predictive Values (PPV and NPV) | NPV | 98.0 percentage of specimens |
Secondary
Unresolved Sample Results
To estimate the rate of unresolved results for the GenePOC CDiff System due to Sample Processing control failure (unresolved sample results).
Time frame: At the time of the results with Reference Method is confirmed, up to 3 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Accuracy Testing - Fresh Specimen | Unresolved Sample Results | 1.1 percentage of Unresolved |
| Accuracy Testing - Frozen Specimen | Unresolved Sample Results | 0.8 percentage of Unresolved |