Gonococcal Infection
Conditions
Keywords
Ciprofloxacin-susceptibility, Efficacy, Gyrase A Assay, Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Brief summary
This study is a multi-center, single-arm, open-label clinical study to assess the efficacy of one dose of ciprofloxacin given orally in subjects infected with untreated gyrase A (gyrA) serine 91 genotype Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) as determined by a real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay. The study will enroll approximately 381 subjects to obtain an eligibility target of 257 subjects, per protocol, age 18 and older regardless of gender identification who are seeking care in Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) clinics of up to eight of the participating sites in the United States. Subjects who have untreated gyrA serine 91 genotype N. gonorrhoeae of the rectum, or male or female urogenital tract identified by a positive culture or Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) conducted at a prior visit will be offered enrollment in the study. They will receive one dose of directly observed ciprofloxacin 500 milligrams. Subjects not consenting to participate in the study will receive treatment per local standard of care. The duration of the study for each subject will be approximately 11 through 14 days. The primary objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of ciprofloxacin for treatment of uncomplicated N. gonorrhoeae infections with gyrA serine 91 genotype.
Detailed description
This study is a multi-center, single-arm, open-label clinical study to assess the efficacy of one dose of ciprofloxacin given orally in subjects infected with untreated gyrase A (gyrA) serine 91 genotype Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) as determined by a real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay. The study will enroll approximately 381 subjects to obtain an eligibility target of 257 subjects, per protocol, age 18 and older regardless of gender identification who are seeking care in Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) clinics of up to eight of the participating sites in the United States. Subjects who have untreated gyrA serine 91 genotype N. gonorrhoeae of the rectum, or male or female urogenital tract identified by a positive culture or Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) conducted at a prior visit will be offered enrollment in the study. They will receive one dose of directly observed ciprofloxacin 500 milligrams. Subjects not consenting to participate in the study will receive treatment per local standard of care. The duration of the study for each subject will be approximately 11 through 14 days. The primary objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of ciprofloxacin for treatment of uncomplicated N. gonorrhoeae infections with gyrA serine 91 genotype. The secondary objectives of the study are to 1) investigate the efficacy of ciprofloxacin for treatment of uncomplicated serine 91 gyrA N. gonorrhoeae infection by anatomic site and 2) to determine the sensitivity of the gyrA assay for detection of ciprofloxacin-susceptible N. gonorrhoeae infections.
Interventions
DRUGCiprofloxacin
Directly observed treatment with a single dose of ciprofloxacin 500 mg orally with or without food.
Sponsors
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 99 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Willing and able to give voluntary written informed consent before any study related procedure is performed. 2. 18 years or older, on the day of enrollment. 3. Untreated gyrA serine 91 genotype N. gonorrhoeae of the rectum, or male or female urogenital tract, as determined by the gyrA test assay on a specimen collected within 30 days of enrollment. \*Subjects must have gyrA serine 91 genotype detected for N. gonorrhoeae from at least one non-pharyngeal site. 4. Willing to abstain from sexual intercourse or use condoms during any sexual contact until the Test of Cure Visit (Visit 2, Day 5-10) is complete. 5. Women of childbearing potential must have no vaginal intercourse 14 days before enrollment or use an effective birth control method for 30 days before enrollment and agree to continue through visit 2. \*A woman is considered of childbearing potential unless post-menopausal (greater than 2 years) or surgically sterilized (tubal ligation greater than 1 year, bilateral oophorectomy, or hysterectomy). \*\*Acceptable birth control methods for the purposes of this study may include abstinence from intercourse with a male partner, monogamous relationship with vasectomized partner, male condoms with the use of applied spermicide, intrauterine devices, and licensed hormonal methods. A highly effective method of contraception is defined as one that results in a low failure rate (i.e., less than 1 percent per year) when used consistently and correctly. 6. Able to swallow pills. 7. Willing to comply with protocol requirements, including availability for follow-up for the duration of the study. 8. Agree to avoid systemic or intravaginal antibiotics with activity against N. gonorrhoeae from enrollment through Visit 2 (Day 5-10). Topical and intravaginal antifungals are permitted. 9. Agree to avoid magnesium/aluminum antacids, sucralfate, didanosine, or highly buffered drugs, up to 2 hours after receipt of study drug.
Exclusion criteria
1. Known renal insufficiency from clinical history. 2. Use of systemic or intravaginal antibiotics with potential activity against N. gonorrhoeae within 30 days prior to study drug administration. \*Topical and intravaginal antifungals are permitted. 3. Use of systemic corticosteroid drugs or other immunosuppressive therapy within 30 days prior to enrollment. 4. Receipt or planned receipt of an investigational product in a clinical trial within 30 days prior to or 7 days after treatment administration. 5. Pregnant or breastfeeding. 6. Clinical diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease or genital ulcer. 7. Confirmed or suspected complicated or systemic gonococcal infection, such as abdominal pain, testicular pain, epididymitis, orchitis, arthritis, or endocarditis. 8. Receipt of magnesium/aluminum antacids, sucralfate, didanosine, or highly buffered drugs, within 6 hours before receipt of study drug. 9. Mutant N. gonorrhoeae gyrA serine 91 genotype from any anatomic site, as determined by the gyrA test assay on a specimen collected within 30 days of enrollment. 10. Known allergy or history of adverse reaction to ciprofloxacin. 11. Known allergy to quinolones. 12. Previous enrollment in this study. 13. Medical condition or other factor that in the judgment of the investigator might affect ability to comply with procedures.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The Percentage of Subjects Infected With Gyrase A (gyrA) Serine 91 Genotype of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (N. Gonorrhoeae) With Microbiological Cure | Day 5 through Day 10 | Subjects infected with gyrase A (gyrA) serine 91 genotype of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) were evaluated for microbiological cure at 5-10 days after treatment. Cure was defined as N. gonorrhoeae not detectable by culture from all anatomical sites that had detectable N. gonorrhoeae at baseline. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The Percentage of Microbiologically Cured Subjects Who Had Rectal Infection Caused by gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae | Day 5 through Day 10 | Subjects infected with gyrase A (gyrA) serine 91 genotype of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) at the rectum were evaluated for microbiological cure at 5-10 days after treatment. Cure was defined as N. gonorrhoeae not detectable by culture from all anatomical sites that had detectable N. gonorrhoeae at baseline |
| The Percentage of Microbiologically Cured Subjects Who Had Throat Infection Caused by gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae | Day 5 through Day 10 | Subjects infected with gyrase A (gyrA) serine 91 genotype of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) at the throat were evaluated for microbiological cure at 5-10 days after treatment. Cure was defined as N. gonorrhoeae not detectable by culture from all anatomical sites that had detectable N. gonorrhoeae at baseline |
| The Number of Subjects With Urethral Infection of gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae Who Have Ciprofloxacin-susceptible N. Gonorrhoeae | Day 1 | Ciprofloxacin susceptibility was determined via culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the gonococcal isolate from each urethral sample with a positive N. gonorrhoeae culture at Visit 1. An infection was deemed susceptible to ciprofloxacin if the reported minimum inhibitory concentration for the isolate was \< 1 mcg/ml. Detection of wild type gyrA was determined by the real-time PCR analysis of the gyrA gene from the swab taken at Visit 1. |
| The Percentage of Microbiologically Cured Subjects Who Had Urogenital Tract Infection Caused by gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae | Day 5 through Day 10 | Subjects infected with gyrase A (gyrA) serine 91 genotype of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) at the urogenital tract were evaluated for microbiological cure at 5-10 days after treatment. Cure was defined as N. gonorrhoeae not detectable by culture from all anatomical sites that had detectable N. gonorrhoeae at baseline |
| The Number of Subjects With Rectal Infection of gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae Who Have Ciprofloxacin-susceptible N. Gonorrhoeae | Day 1 | Ciprofloxacin susceptibility was determined via culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the gonococcal isolate from each rectal sample with a positive N. gonorrhoeae culture at Visit 1. An infection was deemed susceptible to ciprofloxacin if the reported minimum inhibitory concentration for the isolate was \< 1 mcg/ml. Detection of wild type gyrA was determined by the real-time PCR analysis of the gyrA gene from the swab taken at Visit 1. |
| The Number of Subjects With Pharyngeal Infection of gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae Who Have Ciprofloxacin-susceptible N. Gonorrhoeae | Day 1 | Ciprofloxacin susceptibility was determined via culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the gonococcal isolate from each pharyngeal sample with a positive N. gonorrhoeae culture at Visit 1. An infection was deemed susceptible to ciprofloxacin if the reported minimum inhibitory concentration for the isolate was \< 1 mcg/ml. Detection of wild type gyrA was determined by the real-time PCR analysis of the gyrA gene from the swab taken at Visit 1. |
| The Number of Subjects With Cervical Infection of gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae Who Have Ciprofloxacin-susceptible N. Gonorrhoeae | Day 1 | Ciprofloxacin susceptibility was determined via culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the gonococcal isolate from each cervical sample with a positive N. gonorrhoeae culture at Visit 1. An infection was deemed susceptible to ciprofloxacin if the reported minimum inhibitory concentration for the isolate was \< 1 mcg/ml. Detection of wild type gyrA was determined by the real-time PCR analysis of the gyrA gene from the swab taken at Visit 1. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Sites/clinics recruited subjects from their existing patient population, patients that were sent by referral from other clinics, and walk-ins. 232 volunteers were screened to enroll 211 subjects between 13SEP2016 and 31DEC2018.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin One dose of directly-observed ciprofloxacin 500 mg administered orally | 211 |
| Total | 211 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 11 |
| Overall Study | Not Eligible at Enrollment | 1 |
| Overall Study | Physician Decision | 2 |
| Overall Study | Protocol Violation | 1 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Ciprofloxacin |
|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 211 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 28.9 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.9 |
| Baseline Pharyngeal Wild-Type N. gonorrhoeae infection | 16 Participants |
| Baseline Rectal/Urogenital Wild-Type N. gonorrhoeae infection | 109 Participants |
| Baseline Rectal Wild-Type N. gonorrhoeae infection | 79 Participants |
| Baseline Urogenital Wild-Type N. gonorrhoeae infection | 34 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 62 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 148 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 10 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 70 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 11 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 12 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 103 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 211 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 21 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 190 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 0 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 0 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 0 |
Outcome results
Primary
The Percentage of Subjects Infected With Gyrase A (gyrA) Serine 91 Genotype of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (N. Gonorrhoeae) With Microbiological Cure
Subjects infected with gyrase A (gyrA) serine 91 genotype of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) were evaluated for microbiological cure at 5-10 days after treatment. Cure was defined as N. gonorrhoeae not detectable by culture from all anatomical sites that had detectable N. gonorrhoeae at baseline.
Time frame: Day 5 through Day 10
Population: The per protocol population was limited to subjects meeting all inclusion criteria and no exclusion criteria and who were positive for rectal/urogenital wild type N. gonorrhoeae at baseline.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin | The Percentage of Subjects Infected With Gyrase A (gyrA) Serine 91 Genotype of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (N. Gonorrhoeae) With Microbiological Cure | 100 percentage of subjects |
Secondary
The Number of Subjects With Cervical Infection of gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae Who Have Ciprofloxacin-susceptible N. Gonorrhoeae
Ciprofloxacin susceptibility was determined via culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the gonococcal isolate from each cervical sample with a positive N. gonorrhoeae culture at Visit 1. An infection was deemed susceptible to ciprofloxacin if the reported minimum inhibitory concentration for the isolate was \< 1 mcg/ml. Detection of wild type gyrA was determined by the real-time PCR analysis of the gyrA gene from the swab taken at Visit 1.
Time frame: Day 1
Population: Analysis population was intention-to-treat.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin | The Number of Subjects With Cervical Infection of gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae Who Have Ciprofloxacin-susceptible N. Gonorrhoeae | 7 Participants |
Secondary
The Number of Subjects With Pharyngeal Infection of gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae Who Have Ciprofloxacin-susceptible N. Gonorrhoeae
Ciprofloxacin susceptibility was determined via culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the gonococcal isolate from each pharyngeal sample with a positive N. gonorrhoeae culture at Visit 1. An infection was deemed susceptible to ciprofloxacin if the reported minimum inhibitory concentration for the isolate was \< 1 mcg/ml. Detection of wild type gyrA was determined by the real-time PCR analysis of the gyrA gene from the swab taken at Visit 1.
Time frame: Day 1
Population: Analysis population was intention-to-treat.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin | The Number of Subjects With Pharyngeal Infection of gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae Who Have Ciprofloxacin-susceptible N. Gonorrhoeae | 13 Participants |
Secondary
The Number of Subjects With Rectal Infection of gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae Who Have Ciprofloxacin-susceptible N. Gonorrhoeae
Ciprofloxacin susceptibility was determined via culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the gonococcal isolate from each rectal sample with a positive N. gonorrhoeae culture at Visit 1. An infection was deemed susceptible to ciprofloxacin if the reported minimum inhibitory concentration for the isolate was \< 1 mcg/ml. Detection of wild type gyrA was determined by the real-time PCR analysis of the gyrA gene from the swab taken at Visit 1.
Time frame: Day 1
Population: Analysis population was intention-to-treat.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin | The Number of Subjects With Rectal Infection of gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae Who Have Ciprofloxacin-susceptible N. Gonorrhoeae | 60 Participants |
Secondary
The Number of Subjects With Urethral Infection of gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae Who Have Ciprofloxacin-susceptible N. Gonorrhoeae
Ciprofloxacin susceptibility was determined via culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the gonococcal isolate from each urethral sample with a positive N. gonorrhoeae culture at Visit 1. An infection was deemed susceptible to ciprofloxacin if the reported minimum inhibitory concentration for the isolate was \< 1 mcg/ml. Detection of wild type gyrA was determined by the real-time PCR analysis of the gyrA gene from the swab taken at Visit 1.
Time frame: Day 1
Population: Analysis population was intention-to-treat.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin | The Number of Subjects With Urethral Infection of gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae Who Have Ciprofloxacin-susceptible N. Gonorrhoeae | 22 Participants |
Secondary
The Percentage of Microbiologically Cured Subjects Who Had Rectal Infection Caused by gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae
Subjects infected with gyrase A (gyrA) serine 91 genotype of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) at the rectum were evaluated for microbiological cure at 5-10 days after treatment. Cure was defined as N. gonorrhoeae not detectable by culture from all anatomical sites that had detectable N. gonorrhoeae at baseline
Time frame: Day 5 through Day 10
Population: The per protocol population was limited to subjects meeting all inclusion criteria and no exclusion criteria and who were positive for rectal wild type N. gonorrhoeae at baseline.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin | The Percentage of Microbiologically Cured Subjects Who Had Rectal Infection Caused by gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae | 100 percentage of subjects |
Secondary
The Percentage of Microbiologically Cured Subjects Who Had Throat Infection Caused by gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae
Subjects infected with gyrase A (gyrA) serine 91 genotype of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) at the throat were evaluated for microbiological cure at 5-10 days after treatment. Cure was defined as N. gonorrhoeae not detectable by culture from all anatomical sites that had detectable N. gonorrhoeae at baseline
Time frame: Day 5 through Day 10
Population: The per protocol population was limited to subjects meeting all inclusion criteria and no exclusion criteria and who were positive for wild type N. gonorrhoeae of the throat at baseline.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin | The Percentage of Microbiologically Cured Subjects Who Had Throat Infection Caused by gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae | 100 percentage of subjects |
Secondary
The Percentage of Microbiologically Cured Subjects Who Had Urogenital Tract Infection Caused by gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae
Subjects infected with gyrase A (gyrA) serine 91 genotype of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) at the urogenital tract were evaluated for microbiological cure at 5-10 days after treatment. Cure was defined as N. gonorrhoeae not detectable by culture from all anatomical sites that had detectable N. gonorrhoeae at baseline
Time frame: Day 5 through Day 10
Population: The per protocol population was limited to subjects meeting all inclusion criteria and no exclusion criteria and who were positive for urogenital wild type N. gonorrhoeae at baseline.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin | The Percentage of Microbiologically Cured Subjects Who Had Urogenital Tract Infection Caused by gyrA Serine 91 Genotype N. Gonorrhoeae | 100 percentage of subjects |