Healthy
Conditions
Brief summary
The investigators aim to study the brain mechanisms underlying the effect of subliminal (not consciously perceived) intragastric administration of bitter tastants on hunger and food intake, which was previously found. The investigators will assess brain activation patterns after an acute intragastric administration of Quinine-hydrochloride versus saline on two different test days, and will simultaneously assess a putative role of altered gut peptide release in these effects. The hypothesis is that intragastric infusion of a bitter agonist will decrease the activity in homeostatic and hedonic brain regions and that this effect is mediated by gut peptide release.
Interventions
Intragastric administration of a bitter tastant agonist (10 μmol/kg quinine-hydrochloride)
OTHERControl
Intragastric administration of distilled water
Sponsors
Universitaire Ziekenhuizen KU Leuven
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Healthy volunteers * Female * N = 15 * Age 18 - 60 * Body Mass Index (BMI) of 20 - 25 kg/m * Stable body weight for at least 3 months prior to the start of the study
Exclusion criteria
* Abdominal or thoracic surgery. Exception: appendectomy * Gastrointestinal, endocrine or neurological diseases * Cardiovascular, respiratory, renal or urinary diseases * Hypertension * Food or drug allergies * Anemia * Eating disorders and people who show abnormal eating behavior * Depressive disorders * Psychotic disorders * No medication on a regular basis, expect for oral contraception * Conditions that can interfere with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), e.g. cochlear implants, metal fragments or metal implants in the body, pacemaker, neural stimulator, … * No history of cannabis use or any other drug of abuse for at least 12 months prior to the study * Alcohol abuse (more than 21 units of alcohol for men, more than 14 units for woman per week) * Dieters * Pregnant or breastfeeding women * Claustrophobia
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Functional brain images | From the start of the study until 50 minutes after the start of the study | Change in brain responses after administration compared to baseline will be assessed via functional magnetic resonance imaging. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Ghrelin levels | every 10 min since the scan starts until 50 minutes after the start of the scan. | Peripheral blood samples will be taken every 10 min since the scan starts until the endpoint of the study to measure ghrelin levels by radioimmuno-assay. |
| Motilin levels | every 10 min since the scan starts until 50 minutes after the start of the scan | Peripheral blood samples will be taken every 10 min since the scan starts until the endpoint of the study to measure motilin levels by radioimmuno-assay. |
| hunger scores | every 10 minutes since the scan starts until until 50 minutes after the start of the scan | The hunger scores will be taken every 10 minutes since the scan starts via a 10 cm visual analogue scale. |
| PYY levels | every 10 min since the scan starts until 50 minutes after the start of the scan | Peripheral blood samples will be taken every 10 min since the scan starts until the endpoint of the study to measure PYY levels by Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay |
| GLP-1 levels | every 10 min since the scan starts until 50 minutes after the start of the scan | Peripheral blood samples will be taken every 10 min since the scan starts until the endpoint of the study to measure GLP-1 levels by Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay |
| CCK levels | every 10 min since the scan starts until 50 minutes after the start of the scan | Peripheral blood samples will be taken every 10 min since the scan starts until the endpoint of the study to measure CCK levels by radioimmuno-assay. |
Outcome results
None listed