Colorectal Cancer
Conditions
Brief summary
The standard or usual treatment for this disease is treatment with drugs and other treatments that may help to make a patient better or may improve their quality of life. This treatment is known as best supportive care (BSC). Although patients with best supportive care can feel better for some months, the cancer usually continues to grow.
Detailed description
Durvalumab is a new type of drug for many types of cancer. Laboratory tests show that it works by allowing the immune system to detect cancer and reactivate the immune response. This may help to slow down the growth of cancer or may cause cancer cells to die. Durvalumab has been shown to shrink tumours in animals and has been studied in a few people and seems promising but it is not clear if it can offer better results than standard treatment alone. Tremelimumab is a new type of drug for various types of cancers. It works in a similar way to durvalumab and may improve the effect of durvalumab. This may also help slow the growth of the cancer cells or may cause cancer cells to die. Tremelimumab has been shown to shrink tumours in animals and has been studied in a few people and seems promising but it is not clear if it can offer better results than standard treatment alone when used with durvalumab. Combinations of durvalumab and tremelimumab have also been studied and when combined have been shown to increase tumour shrinkage in animals compared to either drug alone and while the combination has been studied in a few people, it is not clear if it can offer better results than standard treatment.
Interventions
DRUGTremelimumab
DRUGDurvalumab
OTHERBest Supportive Care
Sponsors
AstraZeneca
Canadian Cancer Trials Group
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Must have histologically or pathologically confirmed advanced (metastatic or locally advanced) colorectal cancer that is unresectable. * Received a prior thymidylate synthase inhibitor (e.g. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), capecitabine, raltitrexed, UFT) for metastatic disease or as adjuvant therapy. A thymidylate synthase inhibitor may have been given in combination with oxaliplatin or irinotecan. * Received and failed an irinotecan -containing regimen (i.e. single-agent or in combination) for treatment of metastatic disease, OR relapsed within 6 months of completion of an irinotecan-containing adjuvant therapy, OR have documented unsuitability for an irinotecan-containing regimen. * Received and failed an oxaliplatin-containing regimen (i.e. single-agent or in combination) for treatment of metastatic disease, OR relapsed within 6 months of completion of an oxaliplatin-containing adjuvant therapy OR have documented unsuitability for an oxaliplatin-containing regimen. * For patients with colorectal cancer that is RAS-wild type: Received and failed a cetuximab or panitumumab-containing regimen (i.e. single-agent or in combination) for treatment of metastatic disease OR have documented unsuitability for a cetuximab or panitumumab-containing regimen * Patient prior treatment with VEGF targeting therapy, such as bevacizumab, aflibercept, ramucirumab, or regorafenib, is permitted but not mandatory. Reasons not used are to be documented. * Patient prior treatment with TAS-102 (an agent composed of a combination of trifluorothymidine (FTD) and tipiracil hydrochloride (TPI)), is permitted but not mandatory. * The only remaining standard available therapy as recommended by the Investigator, in consultation with the patient, is best supportive care. * Must have presence of measurable or evaluable disease as defined by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST 1.1). * Imaging investigations including CT/MRI of chest/abdomen/pelvis or other scans as necessary to document all sites of disease done within 28 days prior to randomization. * Must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1. * Life expectancy of ≥ 12 weeks at the time of study entry. * Must be ≥ 18 years of age. * Women/men of childbearing potential must have agreed to use a highly effective contraceptive method. * Patient must consent to provision of, and investigator(s) must confirm adequacy of tissue, and confirm access to and agree to submit within 4 weeks of randomization to the CCTG Central Tumour Bank, a representative formalin fixed paraffin block of tumour tissue in order that the specific correlative marker assays may be conducted. * Patient must consent to provision of samples of blood in order that the specific correlative marker assays * Patient is able (i.e. sufficiently fluent) and willing to complete the quality of life questionnaires in either English or French. Patients must be accessible for treatment and follow-up. Investigators must assure themselves the patients randomized on this trial will be available for complete documentation of the treatment, adverse events, and follow-up. * In accordance with CCTG policy, protocol treatment is to begin within 2 working days of patient randomization. * The patient is not receiving therapy in a concurrent clinical study and the patient agrees not to participate in other clinical studies during their participation in this trial while on study treatment.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Survival | 24 months | Time from randomization to death from any cause with patients who were alive at the time of the final analysis or who became lost to follow-up censored at their last date known to be alive. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Progression-free Survival | 24 months | Defined as the time from randomization to the first objective documentation of disease progression, defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0), as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, or a measurable increase in a non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions, or death due to any cause with patients who had not progressed or died at the time of final analysis censored on the date of the last tumour assessment. |
| Objective Response Rate | 24 months | Defined as percentage of participants with objective response over all participants randomized. Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Objective Response (OR) = CR + PR. |
Countries
Canada
Participant flow
Recruitment details
From August 10, 2016 to June 29, 2017 in 27 cancer centres in Canada
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Best Supportive Care Best supportive care available
Best Supportive Care | 61 |
| Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab and Best Supportive Care Tremelimumab 75mg IV 60 minutes Day 1, cycles 1-4 Durvalumab 1500mg IV 60 minutes Day 1 every 28 days. Plus best supportive care
Tremelimumab
Durvalumab
Best Supportive Care | 119 |
| Total | 180 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Best Supportive Care | Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab and Best Supportive Care | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Customized 65 years or older | 30 Participants | 63 Participants | 93 Participants |
| Age, Customized Younger than 65 years | 31 Participants | 56 Participants | 87 Participants |
| Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status 0 | 17 Participants | 33 Participants | 50 Participants |
| Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status 1 | 44 Participants | 86 Participants | 130 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 Participants | 2 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 3 Participants | 16 Participants | 19 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 2 Participants | 3 Participants | 5 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 54 Participants | 97 Participants | 151 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment Canada | 61 participants | 119 participants | 180 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 14 Participants | 45 Participants | 59 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 47 Participants | 74 Participants | 121 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 54 / 61 | 100 / 118 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 51 / 61 | 116 / 118 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 61 | 55 / 118 |
Outcome results
Primary
Overall Survival
Time from randomization to death from any cause with patients who were alive at the time of the final analysis or who became lost to follow-up censored at their last date known to be alive.
Time frame: 24 months
Population: All randomized patients.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Best Supportive Care | Overall Survival | 4.1 months |
| Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab and Best Supportive Care | Overall Survival | 6.6 months |
p-value: 0.0790% CI: [0.54, 0.97]Log Rank
Secondary
Objective Response Rate
Defined as percentage of participants with objective response over all participants randomized. Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Objective Response (OR) = CR + PR.
Time frame: 24 months
Population: All randomized patients
| Arm | Measure | Category | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Best Supportive Care | Objective Response Rate | Not responded | 61 Participants |
| Best Supportive Care | Objective Response Rate | Responded | 0 Participants |
| Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab and Best Supportive Care | Objective Response Rate | Responded | 1 Participants |
| Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab and Best Supportive Care | Objective Response Rate | Not responded | 118 Participants |
Secondary
Progression-free Survival
Defined as the time from randomization to the first objective documentation of disease progression, defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0), as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, or a measurable increase in a non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions, or death due to any cause with patients who had not progressed or died at the time of final analysis censored on the date of the last tumour assessment.
Time frame: 24 months
Population: All randomized patients
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Best Supportive Care | Progression-free Survival | 1.9 Months |
| Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab and Best Supportive Care | Progression-free Survival | 1.8 Months |
p-value: 0.9790% CI: [0.76, 1.34]Log Rank