Gastric Adenocarcinoma, Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma
Conditions
Brief summary
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of andecaliximab (GS-5745) in combination with nivolumab versus nivolumab alone in adults with recurrent gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma.
Interventions
800 mg administered via IV infusion
3 mg/kg administered via IV infusion
Sponsors
Study design
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Key Inclusion Criteria: * Histologically confirmed inoperable locally advanced or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach or GEJ which have progressed on at least 1 prior systemic therapy or line of treatment for unresectable/metastatic disease * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score of ≤ 1 * Measurable disease according to Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1 * Tumor sites that can be accessed for repeat biopsies * Archival tumor tissue, preferably obtained from the most recent available biopsy; there must be adequate tissue for a Cochran-Mantel Haenszel (CMH) test stratified by programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) stratification test, as assessed by central pathologist * Individuals not receiving anticoagulant medication must have an international normalized ratio (INR) ≤ 1.5 and activated partial thromboplastin (aPTT) ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) * Required baseline laboratory data as outlined in protocol Key
Exclusion criteria
* Individuals who have received only neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy for gastric adenocarcinoma * Radiotherapy within 28 days of randomization * Uncontrolled intercurrent illness as outlined in protocol * History of a concurrent or second malignancy except for those outlined in protocol * Major surgery, within 28 days of first dose of study drug * Known positive status for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) * Known acute or chronic-active infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) * Chronic daily treatment with oral corticosteroids (dose of \> 10 mg/day prednisone equivalent) or other immunosuppressive medications within 14 days of randomization * Known or suspected central nervous system metastases * Documented myocardial infarction or unstable/uncontrolled cardiac disease within 6 months of randomization * Serious systemic fungal, bacterial, viral, or other infection that is not controlled or requires intravenous antibiotics * Current or history of pneumonitis or interstitial lung disease * Active known or suspected autoimmune disease with exceptions noted in protocol. * History of bone marrow, stem cell, or allogenic organ transplantation NOTE: Other protocol defined Inclusion/
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Objective Response Rate (ORR) | Up to 41 weeks | ORR was defined as the percentage of participants with confirmed overall best response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) after starting study drug but before starting any new chemotherapy or radiotherapy as assessed by the investigator according to Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target lesions and disappearance of all non-target lesions and normalization of tumor marker level. PR was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Progression Free Survival (PFS) | Andecaliximab + Nivolumab median follow-up time: 7.0 months; Nivolumab median follow-up time: 7.1 months | PFS was defined as the interval in months from the date of randomization to the earlier of the first documentation of definitive disease progression or death from any cause. The first definitive progressive disease (PD) was defined as the first radiation therapy, the first clinical PD, and the first confirmed imaging PD, whichever came first. Participants without PD or death and participants with PD after starting new anti-cancer therapy are censored at the last tumor assessment date. |
| Overall Survival (OS) | Andecaliximab + Nivolumab median follow-up time: 7.0 months; Nivolumab median follow-up time: 7.0 months | OS was defined as the interval from the date of randomization to death from any cause. Surviving participants are censored at the last date known alive. |
| Duration of Response (DOR) | Andecaliximab + Nivolumab median follow-up time: 7.0 months; Nivolumab median follow-up time: 7.1 months | DOR was defined as the interval from the date of the first response (complete or partial response) was achieved to the earlier of the first documentation of definitive disease progression or death from any cause. |
| Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) | Andecaliximab: First dose date up to last dose (maximum: 101 weeks) + 30 days; Nivolumab: First dose date up to last dose (maximum: 101 weeks) + 5 months | An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participants administered a medicinal product, which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment. TEAEs are events that are defined as AEs with onset dates on or after the first dose of andecaliximab/nivolumab and up to 30 days after permanent discontinuation of andecaliximab or 5 months after permanent discontinuation of nivolumab, or led to premature discontinuation of andecaliximab or nivolumab. |
| Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Andecaliximab: First dose date up to last dose (maximum: 101 weeks) + 30 days; Nivolumab: First dose date up to last dose (maximum: 101 weeks) + 5 months | Treatment-emergent (Chemistry, Hematology, Coagulation, and Urinalysis) laboratory abnormalities were graded per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), Version 4.03 where: 0=None, 1=Mild, 2=Moderate, 3=Severe, 4=Potentially Life Threatening. Treatment-emergent laboratory abnormalities are defined as values that increase at least 1 toxicity grade from baseline at any postbaseline time point, up to and including the date of the last dose of andecaliximab plus 30 days or nivolumab plus 5 months. If the relevant baseline laboratory value is missing, any abnormality of at least Grade 1 observed within the time frame specified above will be considered treatment-emergent. Percentage of participants with any postbaseline Grade 1 or higher laboratory abnormality is reported. |
Countries
Australia, Belgium, France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Spain, United Kingdom, United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Participants were enrolled at study sites in Australia, Europe, and the United States. The first participant was screened on 01 September 2016. The last study visit occurred on 23 August 2019.
Pre-assignment details
187 participants were screened.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab Andecaliximab 800 mg administered via intravenous (IV) infusion plus nivolumab 3 mg/kg administered via IV infusion every 2 weeks until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent (up to 34 weeks at the time of the primary efficacy analysis; up to 101 weeks at the time of the safety follow-up analysis). | 72 |
| Nivolumab Nivolumab 3 mg/kg administered via IV infusion every 2 weeks until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent (up to 41 weeks at the time of the primary efficacy analysis; up to 97 weeks at the time of the safety follow-up analysis). | 72 |
| Total | 144 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Death | 58 | 61 |
| Overall Study | Investigator's Discretion | 1 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 1 | 1 |
| Overall Study | Protocol Violation | 0 | 1 |
| Overall Study | Reason Unknown | 7 | 3 |
| Overall Study | Withdrew Consent | 5 | 6 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Nivolumab | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 58 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.1 | 59 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.8 | 59 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.9 |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Ethnicity Hispanic or Latino | 2 Participants | 3 Participants | 5 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Ethnicity Not Hispanic or Latino | 59 Participants | 61 Participants | 120 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Ethnicity Not Permitted | 11 Participants | 8 Participants | 19 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race Asian | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race Black | 2 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race Not Permitted | 12 Participants | 8 Participants | 20 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race Other | 2 Participants | 2 Participants | 4 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race White | 55 Participants | 61 Participants | 116 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment Australia | 2 participants | 5 participants | 7 participants |
| Region of Enrollment Belgium | 5 participants | 10 participants | 15 participants |
| Region of Enrollment France | 9 participants | 6 participants | 15 participants |
| Region of Enrollment Hungary | 2 participants | 1 participants | 3 participants |
| Region of Enrollment Italy | 8 participants | 5 participants | 13 participants |
| Region of Enrollment Poland | 5 participants | 9 participants | 14 participants |
| Region of Enrollment Spain | 10 participants | 4 participants | 14 participants |
| Region of Enrollment United Kingdom | 17 participants | 18 participants | 35 participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 14 participants | 14 participants | 28 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 23 Participants | 22 Participants | 45 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 49 Participants | 50 Participants | 99 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 61 / 72 | 62 / 72 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 66 / 71 | 62 / 70 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 42 / 71 | 38 / 70 |
Outcome results
Objective Response Rate (ORR)
ORR was defined as the percentage of participants with confirmed overall best response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) after starting study drug but before starting any new chemotherapy or radiotherapy as assessed by the investigator according to Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target lesions and disappearance of all non-target lesions and normalization of tumor marker level. PR was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters.
Time frame: Up to 41 weeks
Population: The Intent-to-treat Analysis Set included all participants who were randomized in the study.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Objective Response Rate (ORR) | 9.7 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Objective Response Rate (ORR) | 6.9 percentage of participants |
Duration of Response (DOR)
DOR was defined as the interval from the date of the first response (complete or partial response) was achieved to the earlier of the first documentation of definitive disease progression or death from any cause.
Time frame: Andecaliximab + Nivolumab median follow-up time: 7.0 months; Nivolumab median follow-up time: 7.1 months
Population: Participants in the Intent-to-treat Analysis Set who achieved CR or PR were analyzed.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Duration of Response (DOR) | NA months |
| Nivolumab | Duration of Response (DOR) | NA months |
Overall Survival (OS)
OS was defined as the interval from the date of randomization to death from any cause. Surviving participants are censored at the last date known alive.
Time frame: Andecaliximab + Nivolumab median follow-up time: 7.0 months; Nivolumab median follow-up time: 7.0 months
Population: Participants in the Intent-to-treat Analysis Set were analyzed.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Overall Survival (OS) | 7.162 months |
| Nivolumab | Overall Survival (OS) | 5.881 months |
Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)
An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participants administered a medicinal product, which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment. TEAEs are events that are defined as AEs with onset dates on or after the first dose of andecaliximab/nivolumab and up to 30 days after permanent discontinuation of andecaliximab or 5 months after permanent discontinuation of nivolumab, or led to premature discontinuation of andecaliximab or nivolumab.
Time frame: Andecaliximab: First dose date up to last dose (maximum: 101 weeks) + 30 days; Nivolumab: First dose date up to last dose (maximum: 101 weeks) + 5 months
Population: The Safety Analysis Set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) | 98.6 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) | 97.1 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities
Treatment-emergent (Chemistry, Hematology, Coagulation, and Urinalysis) laboratory abnormalities were graded per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), Version 4.03 where: 0=None, 1=Mild, 2=Moderate, 3=Severe, 4=Potentially Life Threatening. Treatment-emergent laboratory abnormalities are defined as values that increase at least 1 toxicity grade from baseline at any postbaseline time point, up to and including the date of the last dose of andecaliximab plus 30 days or nivolumab plus 5 months. If the relevant baseline laboratory value is missing, any abnormality of at least Grade 1 observed within the time frame specified above will be considered treatment-emergent. Percentage of participants with any postbaseline Grade 1 or higher laboratory abnormality is reported.
Time frame: Andecaliximab: First dose date up to last dose (maximum: 101 weeks) + 30 days; Nivolumab: First dose date up to last dose (maximum: 101 weeks) + 5 months
Population: Participants in the Safety Analysis Set with available data were analyzed.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Anemia | 53.5 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hypoalbuminemia | 35.2 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Chronic Kidney Disease | 16.9 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Lymphocytes, Typical count increased | 4.2 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Neutrophil count decreased | 5.6 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Platelet count decreased | 8.5 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hypoglycemia | 11.3 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Proteinuria (Dipstick) | 29.4 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Alkaline phosphatase increased | 45.1 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Alanine aminotransferase increased | 20.0 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Creatinine increased | 1.4 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hyperglycemia | 22.5 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hypomagnesemia | 5.6 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hyponatremia | 28.2 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hypokalemia | 10.0 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Blood bilirubin increased | 8.5 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Lipase increased | 11.3 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hyperkalemia | 7.1 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hypophosphatemia | 11.3 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged | 2.6 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Serum amylase increased | 9.9 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Lymphocytes, Typical count decreased | 35.2 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hypermagnesemia | 2.8 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Aspartate aminotransferase increased | 30.0 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | White blood cell decreased | 9.9 percentage of participants |
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | International Normalized Ratio (INR) increased | 2.6 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | White blood cell decreased | 7.2 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Alkaline phosphatase increased | 40.0 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Aspartate aminotransferase increased | 28.6 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Blood bilirubin increased | 11.4 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Chronic Kidney Disease | 25.7 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Creatinine increased | 7.1 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hypermagnesemia | 1.4 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hypoalbuminemia | 38.6 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hypoglycemia | 4.3 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hypophosphatemia | 8.6 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Lipase increased | 8.6 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Serum amylase increased | 7.1 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged | 19.4 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Anemia | 56.5 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Lymphocytes, Typical count decreased | 27.5 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Platelet count decreased | 5.8 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Proteinuria (Dipstick) | 31.3 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hyperglycemia | 18.6 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hyperkalemia | 5.7 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hypokalemia | 11.4 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hypomagnesemia | 4.3 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Hyponatremia | 40.0 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | International Normalized Ratio (INR) increased | 12.5 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Lymphocytes, Typical count increased | 0 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Neutrophil count decreased | 5.8 percentage of participants |
| Nivolumab | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-emergent Laboratory Abnormalities | Alanine aminotransferase increased | 27.1 percentage of participants |
Progression Free Survival (PFS)
PFS was defined as the interval in months from the date of randomization to the earlier of the first documentation of definitive disease progression or death from any cause. The first definitive progressive disease (PD) was defined as the first radiation therapy, the first clinical PD, and the first confirmed imaging PD, whichever came first. Participants without PD or death and participants with PD after starting new anti-cancer therapy are censored at the last tumor assessment date.
Time frame: Andecaliximab + Nivolumab median follow-up time: 7.0 months; Nivolumab median follow-up time: 7.1 months
Population: Participants in the Intent-to-treat Analysis Set were analyzed.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Andecaliximab + Nivolumab | Progression Free Survival (PFS) | 1.840 months |
| Nivolumab | Progression Free Survival (PFS) | 1.856 months |