Shoulder Pain
Conditions
Brief summary
The study aims to compare the performance and the 3D shoulder kinematics of volleyball attackers with and without scapular dyskinesis and shoulder symptoms in two physical performance measures of the upper extremity, and correlate their outcomes with a self-reported measure of function of the upper extremity.
Detailed description
Volleyball attackers with clinically identified scapular dyskinesis and with/without shoulder symptoms will be compared with respect to performance outcomes and scapular kinematics. Performance will be assessed by means of the unilateral seated shot put test (USSPT), the upper quarter Y balance test (UQYBT), and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand, sports module (DASH). Pain measurements after completing physical performance measures will be assessed and rated. Relationships between physical (USSPT, UQYBT) and self-perceived (DASH) measures of performance, and with impairment-based measures (clinical measures and 3D shoulder kinematics) will be assessed.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALPerformance measures of the upper extremity
Athletes will perform the unilateral seated shot put test (USSPT) and the upper quarter Y balance test (UQYBT) bilaterally.
Sponsors
University of Lisbon
Instituto Politécnico de Leiria
Universidade do Porto
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* subjects who can perform at least 150 degrees of arm elevation
Exclusion criteria
* subjects rating pain ≥8/10 * score 5 on any of the items of the DASH * pain elicited by provocation maneuvers of the neighboring regions (e.g., cervical spine).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Side-to-side differences in the unilateral seated shot put test (normalized distance thrown, in centimeters) | Through study completion, an average of 1 year | The unilateral seated shot put test consists of pushing (not throwing) at shoulder height a \ 3kg medicine ball as far and forward as possible while keeping the axial skeleton in contact with a wall, knees bent at a right angle, feet flat on the floor, and the non-testing arm resting on the lap. |
| Side-to-side differences in the upper quarter Y balance test (normalized maximal distance reached in each direction, in centimeters) | Through study completion, an average of 1 year | The upper quarter Y balance test is performed through the assistance of a testing device (Y-Balance Test Kit), with the subject stabilizing his/her body weight with the upper extremity being tested while performing maximal reaching efforts with the free hand in three directions: medial, superolateral, and inferolateral. |
| Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (sports module) | Through study completion, an average of 1 year | A self-reported measure of upper extremity functioning |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Numeric Rating Scale score (0-10) | Through study completion, an average of 1 year | A 11-point scale to rate pain intensity |
| Side-to-side differences in 3-dimensional scapular angular displacement (in degrees) | Through study completion, an average of 1 year | The angular displacement of the scapula in the 3 planes of orientation: lateral/medial (upward/downward) rotation, protraction/retraction (internal/external rotation), anterior/posterior tilting. |
| Side-to-side differences in the upper quarter Y balance test (overall performance score, in centimeters) | Through study completion, an average of 1 year] | overall performance or composite score = average score of the 3 normalized reach distances, in centimeters. |
| Side-to-side differences in the upper quarter Y balance test (total excursion, in centimeters) | Through study completion, an average of 1 year | total excursion = sum of the 3 normalized reach distances, in centimeters |
| Side-to-side differences in 3-dimensional humerus angular displacement (in degrees) | Through study completion, an average of 1 year | The angular displacement of the humerus in the 3 planes of orientation: plane of elevation, elevation/depression, axial rotation. |
| Side-to-side differences in 3-dimensional thoracic angular displacement (in degrees) | Through study completion, an average of 1 year | The angular displacement of the thorax in the 3 planes of orientation: flexion/extension, lateral rotation (inclination), axial rotation. |
Countries
Portugal
Outcome results
None listed