Multiple Myeloma
Conditions
Keywords
Phase 2, Open-Label, Durvalumab, Daratumumab, Multiple Myeloma, Relapsed and Refractory (RRMM), FUSION MM-003, PD-L1
Brief summary
This is an open-label, multicenter study to confirm the safety and efficacy of durvalumab + daratumumab (D2) in subjects with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. This study will also explore the safety and efficacy of the addition of pomalidomide + dexamethasone to durvalumab + daratumumab (PD3). On 05 Sep 2017, a Partial Clinical Hold was placed on this study by the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The decision by the FDA was based on data related to risks of anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody, pembrolizumab, in combination with IMiDs® immunomodulatory drugs in patients with multiple myeloma. As a result, enrollment into this study has been discontinued. Subjects who are receiving clinical benefit, based on the discretion of the investigator, may remain on study treatment after being reconsented.
Interventions
Sponsors
Study design
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
* Must have measurable disease as defined by m-protein or serum free light chain. * Must have failed last line of treatment (refractory to last line of treatment). * Must have achieved at least a minimal response (MR) to at least 1 prior anti-myeloma regimen before developing PD (relapsed) * Has performance status of 0, 1, or 2 on the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Scale * Must be at least 18 years of age
Exclusion criteria
* Has non-secretory multiple myeloma * Has had prior anti-myeloma therapy within 2 weeks prior to study Day 1 * Has received prior therapy with an anti-programmed cell death 1 receptor (anti-PD-1), antiprogrammed death-ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1), anti-PD-L2, anti-CD137, or anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) antibody (including ipilimumab or any other antibody or drug specifically targeting T-cell costimulation or checkpoint pathways). * Has received prior treatment with daratumumab or other anti-CD38 therapies previously * Has undergone prior organ or allogeneic hematopoetic stem cell transplantation * Has received autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) within 12 weeks before the date of randomization. * Has received prior treatment with a monoclonal antibody within 5 half-lives of Study Day 1 * Has received investigational agents within 28 days or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) of Study Day 1 * Has received live, attenuated vaccine within 30 days prior to Study Day 1 * Has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) 50% of predicted normal * Has moderate or severe persistent asthma within the past 2 years or uncontrolled asthma of any classification. * Is positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), chronic or active hepatitis B or active hepatitis A or C * Has a prior history of malignancies, other than MM, unless the subject has been free of the disease for ≥ 5 years (with the exception Basal cell carcinoma of the skin, Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, Carcinoma in situ of the cervix, Carcinoma in situ of the breast, Incidental histologic finding of prostate cancer \[T1a or T1b\] or prostate cancer that is curative) * Has clinical evidence of central nervous system (CNS) or pulmonary leukostasis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, or CNS multiple myeloma * Has clinically significant cardiac disease * Is a female who is pregnant, nursing, or breastfeeding, or who intends to become pregnant during the participation in the study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Response Rate (ORR) | From first dose to up to approximately 66 months | Tumor response of partial response (PR) or better was assessed using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Uniform Response Criteria. ORR was calculated as the percent of responders (multiplied by 100). Partial response required ≥ 50% reduction of serum M-Protein and reduction in 24-hour urinary M protein by ≥ 90% or to \< 200 mg per 24 hours. |
| Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) | From first dose to 90 days after last dose (up to approximately 58 months) | Number of participants who experienced at least one adverse event. An adverse event (AE) is any noxious, unintended, or untoward medical occurrence that may appear or worsen in a participant during the course of a study. It may be a new intercurrent illness, a worsening concomitant illness, an injury, or any concomitant impairment of the participant's health, including laboratory test values, regardless of etiology. Any worsening (i.e., any clinically significant adverse change in the frequency or intensity of a preexisting condition should be considered an AE. |
| Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) | From first dose to 90 days after last dose (up to approximately 58 months) | Number of participants who experienced at least one serious adverse event. An SAE is any AE occurring at any dose that results in death, is life-threatening, requires inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, constitutes an important medical event. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Progression-Free Survival (PFS) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | From enrollment to first documentation of progressive disease or death from any cause during study, whichever occurs earlier (up to approximately 66 months) | Progression-free survival was calculated as the time between the enrollment to the first documentation of progressive disease or death from any cause during study, whichever occurs earlier using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Uniform Response Criteria. Progressive Disease required increase of 25% from lowest response value in the serum M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 0.5 g/dL) and/or urine M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 200 mg/24 h). |
| Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Progression-Free Survival (PFS) - PD3 Arm | From enrollment to first documentation of progressive disease or death from any cause during study, whichever occurs earlier (up to approximately 66 months) | Progression-free survival was calculated as the time between the enrollment to the first documentation of progressive disease or death from any cause during study, whichever occurs earlier using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Uniform Response Criteria. Progressive Disease required increase of 25% from lowest response value in the serum M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 0.5 g/dL) and/or urine M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 200 mg/24 h). |
| Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration (Cmax) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Cycle 1 - Days 2, 8, 15, 22 | Pharmacokinetics of Durvalumab derived from serum concentration versus time data. |
| Time-To-Response (TTR) | From enrollment to earliest documented response (up to approximately 66 months) | Time-to-response is calculated as the time from enrollment to the first date of documented response (partial response or better). Tumor response of partial response (PR) or better was assessed using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Uniform Response Criteria. Partial response required ≥ 50% reduction of serum M-Protein and reduction in 24-hour urinary M protein by ≥ 90% or to \< 200 mg per 24 hours. For those participants where POM + DEX were added, time-to-response was calculated from the date POM and DEX were added to the first date of documented response (PR or better). |
| Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve to the Last Measurable Plasma Concentration [AUC(0-Last)] - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Cycle 1 - Days 2, 8, 15, 22 | Pharmacokinetics of Durvalumab derived from serum concentration versus time data. |
| Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve in 1 Dosing Interval [AUC(TAU)] - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Cycle 1 - Days 2, 8, 15, 22 | Pharmacokinetics of Durvalumab derived from serum concentration versus time data. |
| Time of Maximum Observed Concentration (Tmax) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Cycle 1 - Days 2, 8, 15, 22 | Pharmacokinetics of Durvalumab derived from serum concentration versus time data. |
| Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Duration of Response (DOR) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | From the earliest date of documented response (PR or better) to earliest date of progressive disease (up to approximately 66 months) | Duration of response was calculated as the time from the earliest date of documented response (PR or better) to the earliest date of disease progression as determined by the investigator. For those participants where POM + DEX was added, duration of response was calculated as the time from the earliest date of documented response after POM + DEX was added (PR or better) to the earliest date of disease. Tumor response of partial response (PR) or better was assessed using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Uniform Response Criteria. Partial response required ≥ 50% reduction of serum M-Protein and reduction in 24-hour urinary M protein by ≥ 90% or to \< 200 mg per 24 hours. Progressive Disease required increase of 25% from lowest response value in the serum M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 0.5 g/dL) and/or urine M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 200 mg/24 h). |
| Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Duration of Response (DOR) - PD3 Arm | From the earliest date of documented response (PR or better) to earliest date of progressive disease (up to approximately 66 months) | Duration of response was calculated as the time from the earliest date of documented response (PR or better) to the earliest date of disease progression as determined by the investigator. For those participants where POM + DEX was added, duration of response was calculated as the time from the earliest date of documented response after POM + DEX was added (PR or better) to the earliest date of disease progression as determined by the investigator. Participants who are alive or lost to follow-up will be censored on the last-known-to-be-alive date. Tumor response of partial response (PR) or better was assessed using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Uniform Response Criteria. Partial response required ≥ 50% reduction of serum M-Protein and reduction in 24-hour urinary M protein by ≥ 90% or to \< 200 mg per 24 hours. |
Countries
Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States
Participant flow
Pre-assignment details
Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either Durvalumab + Daratumumab (D2) or Durvalumab + Daratumumab + Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone (PD3). 32 participants were treated in the Simon Stage 1: D2 arm. No participants enrolled in the Simon Stage 2: D2 arm. 5 participants treated in the PD3 arm.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm Durvalumab 1500 mg + Daratumumab 16 mg/kg were administered intravenously within a 28-day cycle for a maximum of 60 cycles. POM + DEX could be added to the D2 regimen, at the investigator's discretion, upon confirmed progressive disease for participants who had at least 2 cycles of D2. | 32 |
| PD3 Arm Durvalumab 1500 mg IV + Daratumumab 16 mg/kg IV + Pomalidomide 4 mg/day Oral + Dexamethasone 40 mg Oral (20 mg for \> 75 Years Old) administered within a 28-day cycle for a maximum of 22 cycles | 5 |
| Total | 37 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Adverse Event | 1 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Other Reasons | 1 | 1 |
| Overall Study | Progressive Disease | 30 | 3 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 0 | 1 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | PD3 Arm | Total | Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 63 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.66 | 63.2 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.29 | 63.2 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.58 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 5 Participants | 37 Participants | 32 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Other | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized White | 5 Participants | 36 Participants | 31 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 1 Participants | 14 Participants | 13 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 4 Participants | 23 Participants | 19 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 11 / 32 | 4 / 5 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 31 / 32 | 5 / 5 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 17 / 32 | 2 / 5 |
Outcome results
Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs)
Number of participants who experienced at least one adverse event. An adverse event (AE) is any noxious, unintended, or untoward medical occurrence that may appear or worsen in a participant during the course of a study. It may be a new intercurrent illness, a worsening concomitant illness, an injury, or any concomitant impairment of the participant's health, including laboratory test values, regardless of etiology. Any worsening (i.e., any clinically significant adverse change in the frequency or intensity of a preexisting condition should be considered an AE.
Time frame: From first dose to 90 days after last dose (up to approximately 58 months)
Population: All participants who received at least 1 dose of the study medications.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) | 31 Participants |
| PD3 Arm | Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) | 5 Participants |
Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
Number of participants who experienced at least one serious adverse event. An SAE is any AE occurring at any dose that results in death, is life-threatening, requires inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, constitutes an important medical event.
Time frame: From first dose to 90 days after last dose (up to approximately 58 months)
Population: All participants who received at least 1 dose of the study medications.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) | 17 Participants |
| PD3 Arm | Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) | 2 Participants |
Overall Response Rate (ORR)
Tumor response of partial response (PR) or better was assessed using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Uniform Response Criteria. ORR was calculated as the percent of responders (multiplied by 100). Partial response required ≥ 50% reduction of serum M-Protein and reduction in 24-hour urinary M protein by ≥ 90% or to \< 200 mg per 24 hours.
Time frame: From first dose to up to approximately 66 months
Population: All enrolled participants who received at least 1 dose of the study medication, and who have measurable disease at baseline and at least 1 postbaseline efficacy assessment.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Overall Response Rate (ORR) | 53.1 Percentage of participants |
| PD3 Arm | Overall Response Rate (ORR) | 75.0 Percentage of participants |
Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve in 1 Dosing Interval [AUC(TAU)] - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm
Pharmacokinetics of Durvalumab derived from serum concentration versus time data.
Time frame: Cycle 1 - Days 2, 8, 15, 22
Population: All participants who received at least 1 dose of study medication and who have at least 1 measurable plasma concentration. \[AUC(TAU)\] was a pre-specified secondary outcome measure in the Simon Stage 1: D2 arm only.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve in 1 Dosing Interval [AUC(TAU)] - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | 83966.099 Hour*ug/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 46.115 |
Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve to the Last Measurable Plasma Concentration [AUC(0-Last)] - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm
Pharmacokinetics of Durvalumab derived from serum concentration versus time data.
Time frame: Cycle 1 - Days 2, 8, 15, 22
Population: All participants who received at least 1 dose of study medication and who have at least 1 measurable plasma concentration. \[AUC(0-Last)\] was a pre-specified secondary outcome measure in the Simon Stage 1: D2 arm only.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve to the Last Measurable Plasma Concentration [AUC(0-Last)] - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | 77831.751 Hour*ug/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 48.535 |
Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Duration of Response (DOR) - PD3 Arm
Duration of response was calculated as the time from the earliest date of documented response (PR or better) to the earliest date of disease progression as determined by the investigator. For those participants where POM + DEX was added, duration of response was calculated as the time from the earliest date of documented response after POM + DEX was added (PR or better) to the earliest date of disease progression as determined by the investigator. Participants who are alive or lost to follow-up will be censored on the last-known-to-be-alive date. Tumor response of partial response (PR) or better was assessed using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Uniform Response Criteria. Partial response required ≥ 50% reduction of serum M-Protein and reduction in 24-hour urinary M protein by ≥ 90% or to \< 200 mg per 24 hours.
Time frame: From the earliest date of documented response (PR or better) to earliest date of progressive disease (up to approximately 66 months)
Population: All enrolled participants with a partial response or better, who received at least 1 dose of the study medication, and who have measurable disease at baseline and at least 1 postbaseline efficacy assessment. Pre-specified for data to be collected only in the PD3 arm.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Duration of Response (DOR) - PD3 Arm | 7.62 Months |
Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Duration of Response (DOR) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm
Duration of response was calculated as the time from the earliest date of documented response (PR or better) to the earliest date of disease progression as determined by the investigator. For those participants where POM + DEX was added, duration of response was calculated as the time from the earliest date of documented response after POM + DEX was added (PR or better) to the earliest date of disease. Tumor response of partial response (PR) or better was assessed using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Uniform Response Criteria. Partial response required ≥ 50% reduction of serum M-Protein and reduction in 24-hour urinary M protein by ≥ 90% or to \< 200 mg per 24 hours. Progressive Disease required increase of 25% from lowest response value in the serum M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 0.5 g/dL) and/or urine M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 200 mg/24 h).
Time frame: From the earliest date of documented response (PR or better) to earliest date of progressive disease (up to approximately 66 months)
Population: All enrolled participants with a partial response or better, who received at least 1 dose of the study medication, and who have measurable disease at baseline and at least 1 postbaseline efficacy assessment. Pre-specified for data to be collected only in D2 and D2 + Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone arms.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Duration of Response (DOR) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | 8.31 Months |
| PD3 Arm | Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Duration of Response (DOR) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | 8.41 Months |
Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Progression-Free Survival (PFS) - PD3 Arm
Progression-free survival was calculated as the time between the enrollment to the first documentation of progressive disease or death from any cause during study, whichever occurs earlier using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Uniform Response Criteria. Progressive Disease required increase of 25% from lowest response value in the serum M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 0.5 g/dL) and/or urine M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 200 mg/24 h).
Time frame: From enrollment to first documentation of progressive disease or death from any cause during study, whichever occurs earlier (up to approximately 66 months)
Population: All participants who received at least 1 dose of the study medications. Pre-specified for data to be collected only in the PD3 arm.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Progression-Free Survival (PFS) - PD3 Arm | 9.02 Months |
Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Progression-Free Survival (PFS) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm
Progression-free survival was calculated as the time between the enrollment to the first documentation of progressive disease or death from any cause during study, whichever occurs earlier using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Uniform Response Criteria. Progressive Disease required increase of 25% from lowest response value in the serum M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 0.5 g/dL) and/or urine M-component (absolute increase must be ≥ 200 mg/24 h).
Time frame: From enrollment to first documentation of progressive disease or death from any cause during study, whichever occurs earlier (up to approximately 66 months)
Population: All participants who received at least 1 dose of the study medications. Pre-specified for data to be collected only in D2 and D2 + Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone arms.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Progression-Free Survival (PFS) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | 5.74 Months |
| PD3 Arm | Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Progression-Free Survival (PFS) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | 8.05 Months |
Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration (Cmax) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm
Pharmacokinetics of Durvalumab derived from serum concentration versus time data.
Time frame: Cycle 1 - Days 2, 8, 15, 22
Population: All participants who received at least 1 dose of study medication and who have at least 1 measurable plasma concentration. Cmax was a pre-specified secondary outcome measure in the Simon Stage 1: D2 arm only.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration (Cmax) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | 315.806 ug/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 34.832 |
Time of Maximum Observed Concentration (Tmax) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm
Pharmacokinetics of Durvalumab derived from serum concentration versus time data.
Time frame: Cycle 1 - Days 2, 8, 15, 22
Population: All participants who received at least 1 dose of study medication and who have at least 1 measurable plasma concentration. Tmax was a pre-specified secondary outcome measure in the Simon Stage 1: D2 arm only.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Time of Maximum Observed Concentration (Tmax) - Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | 1.150 Hour |
Time-To-Response (TTR)
Time-to-response is calculated as the time from enrollment to the first date of documented response (partial response or better). Tumor response of partial response (PR) or better was assessed using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Uniform Response Criteria. Partial response required ≥ 50% reduction of serum M-Protein and reduction in 24-hour urinary M protein by ≥ 90% or to \< 200 mg per 24 hours. For those participants where POM + DEX were added, time-to-response was calculated from the date POM and DEX were added to the first date of documented response (PR or better).
Time frame: From enrollment to earliest documented response (up to approximately 66 months)
Population: All enrolled participants who received at least 1 dose of the study medication, and who have measurable disease at baseline and at least 1 postbaseline efficacy assessment in the D2, D2 + Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone, and PD3 arms.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Simon Stage 1: D2 Arm | Time-To-Response (TTR) | 4.29 Weeks |
| PD3 Arm | Time-To-Response (TTR) | 5.07 Weeks |
| PD3 Arm | Time-To-Response (TTR) | 8.14 Weeks |