En Face OCT's Contribution in the Detection of Macular Retinal Toxicity Signs Linked to the Chronic Treatment of Synthetic Antimalarials

Maculopathy

Toxicity, Drug

The maculopathy induced by the retinal toxicity of the synthetic antimalarials must be detected at the infra-clinical state, when it can still be reversible. Identifying early retinal anatomical changes has always represented (a challenge for medical interns, dermatologists, rheumatologists, and ophthalmologists). Currently, the gold-standard for its screening and its diagnostic is the multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG), however it is a long and tedious exam, offered by only few medical centers. It is recommended to find a simple non-invasive alternative, on a commonly used equipment. The study of the ellipsoid (junction line between, the external and internal photoreceptor segments) using optical coherence tomography (OCT-SD) en face enables us, to obtain a panoramic viewing of the state of the photoreceptor layer, and to detect any modification, even subtle, within this layer. The OCT-SD en face can be easily done by any ophthalmologist who owns one. The proportion of en face OCT-SD showing suggestive retinal damage and patients who present retinal damage in relation with synthetic antimalarial treatments and diagnosed by mfERG is considered in this study.

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