Incidence of Caries in Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco

Incidence of Caries in Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco-An Observation Study

Status

Completed

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Observational

Source

ClinicalTrials.gov

Registry ID

NCT02767050

Acronym

ICSSLT

Enrollment

613

Registered

2016-05-10

Start date

2015-12-31

Completion date

2016-02-29

Last updated

2016-05-11

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

DENTAL CARIES

Keywords

DENTAL CARIES, TOBACCO USERS, SMOKERS, SMOKELESS TOBACCO CHEWERS

Brief summary

The following observational study evaluates incidence of caries in smoking and smokeless tobacco based on habit history by clinical examination and DMFT index.

Detailed description

Dental caries is an irreversible microbial disease of the calcified tissues of the teeth, characterized by demineralization of the inorganic portion and destruction of the organic substance of the tooth, which often leads to cavitation. It is a complex and dynamic process where a multitude of factors influence and initiate the progression of disease. There are practically no geographic areas in the world whose inhabitants do not exhibit some evidence of dental caries. It affects persons of both genders in all races, all socioeconomic strata and every age group. Likewise, there is strong evidence that tobacco use has numerous negative effects on oral health, for example staining of teeth, dental restoration, development of oral diseases. A biologically reasonable explanation for an association between chewing tobacco use and dental caries may be the presence of higher levels of fermentable sugars in chewing tobacco products which can stimulate the growth of carcinogenic bacteria. The decreased buffering effect possible lower pH of smokers saliva and higher number of lactobacilli and streptococcus mutans group may indicate an increased susceptibility to caries in smokers. On the other hand, there are researches which conclude that presence of extrinsic tobacco stains appear to provide a protective effect from caries.

Interventions

None listed

Study design

Observational model

CASE_CONTROL

Time perspective

CROSS_SECTIONAL

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

ALL

Age

15 Years to 100 Years

Healthy volunteers

Yes

Inclusion criteria

* Patients who are willing for the study. * A positive history of dental caries in smokers and smokeless tobacco. * Patients with caries not under any treatment of the same.

Exclusion criteria

* Unwilling patients who do not want to be a part of the study. * Patient with fluorosis.

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Dental caries in smoking and smokeless tobacco chewers is determined by proper clinical examination of caries and is scored by DMFT index in both smoking and smokeless tobacco chewers separately and measured.	5-6 MONTHS

Countries

India

Outcome results